Dynamic Brain Imaging: Multi-Modal Methods and in Vivo Applications

ISBN-13: 9781627038812 / Angielski / Miękka / 2014 / 379 str.

Fahmeed Hyder

Opis

If a picture is worth a thousand words, then dynamic images of brain activity certainly warrant many, many more. This book will help users learn to decipher the dynamic imaging data that will be critical to our future understanding of complex brain functions. In recent years, there have been unprecedented methodological advancements in the imaging of brain activity. These techniques allow the measurement of everything from neural activity (e.g., membrane potential, ion ?ux, neurotransmitter ?ux) to energy metabolism (e.g., glucose consumption, oxygen consumption, creatine kinase ?ux) and functional hyperemia (e.g., blood ?ow, volume, oxygenation). This book deals with a variety of magnetic resonance, electrophysiology, and optical methods that are often used to measure some of these dynamic processes. All chapters were written by leading experts, spanning three continents, specializing in state-of-the-art methods. Brie?y, the book has ?ve sections. In the introductory section, there are two chapters; the ?rst one contains a brief pre- ble to dynamic brain imaging and the other presents a novel, analytical approach to processing of dynamically acquired data. The second section has four chapters and delves into a wide range of optical imaging methods. I am privileged to include a chapter from Lawrence B. Cohen, considered by many to be the authority on optical imaging and spectroscopy, both in vitro and in vivo [Cohen LB (1973) Physiol Rev.

Recenzje

From the reviews:

"The title follows a similar review of Dynamic Brain Imaging, with an emphasis on methods and protocols. The stated goal of this book is to '... help users learn to decipher the dynamic imaging data.' ... Overall ... chapters were well written and accomplished their intended goal of educating the reader about the various dynamic imaging methodologies at various stages of development. ... In summary, this review of multimodal in vivo brain imaging methods provides a nice compilation of manuscripts ... ." (American Journal of Neuroradiology, Vol. 30, May, 2009)

Spis treści

I. Introduction 1. Dynamic imaging of brain function Fahmeed Hyder 2. Fractal characterization of complexity in dynamic signals: Application to cerebral hemodynamics Peter Herman, Laszlo Kocsis, Andras Eke II. Optical imaging 3. Wide-field and two-photon imaging of brain activity with voltage- and calcium-sensitive dyes Ryota Homma, Bradley J. Baker, Lei Jin, Olga Garaschuk, Arthur Konnerth, Lawrence B. Cohen, Chun X. Bleau, Dejan Zecevic 4. Two-photon imaging of capillary blood flow in olfactory bulb glomeruli Serge Charpak, Emmanuelle Chaigneau, Jérôme Lecoq, Pascale Tiret 5. Astrocytic calcium signaling: Mechanism and implications for functional brain imaging Xiaohai Wang, Takahiro Takano, Maiken Nedergaard 6. Using the light scattering component of optical intrinsic signals to visualize in vivo functional structures of neural tissues Uma Maheswari Rajagopalan, Kazushige Tsunoda, Manabu Tanifuji III. Electrophysiology 7. Methods for studying functional interactions among neuronal populations Nandakumar S. Narayanan, Mark Laubach 8. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) Andreas A. Ioannides 9. Functional neuroimaging of spike-wave seizures Joshua E. Motelow, Hal Blumenfeld IV. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) 10. Tactile and non-tactile sensory paradigms for fMRI and neurophysiologic studies in rodents Basavaraju G. Sanganahalli, Christopher J. Bailey, Peter Herman, Fahmeed Hyder 11. Using fMRI for elucidating dynamic interactions Yul-Wan Sung, Seiji Ogawa 12. Resting-state functional connectivity in animal models: Modulations by exsanguinations Bharat B. Biswal, SridharKannurpatti V. Alternate magnetic resonance methods 13. Dynamic magnetic resonance imaging of cerebral blood flow using arterial spin labeling Afonso C. Silva, Fernando F. Paiva 14. Dynamic MRI of small electrical activity Allen W. Song, Trong-Kha Truong, Marty Woldorff 15. Advanced in vivo heteronuclear MRS approaches for studying brain bioenergetics driven by mitochondria Xiao-Hong Zhu, Fei Du, Nanyin Zhang, Yi Zhang, Hao Lei, Xiaoliang Zhang, Hongyan Qiao, Kamil Ugurbil, Wei Chen

Blurb

The developing of in vivo neuroscience techniques is rapidly improving the specificity and sensitivity of measurements of brain function. However, despite improvements in individual methods, it is becoming increasingly clear that the most effective research approaches will be multi-modal. Thus, it is the researchers who are familiar with many in vivo techniques who will be able to make the most substantial contributions to our understanding of dynamic brain function.

In Dynamic Brain Imaging: Multi-Modal Methods and In Vivo Applications, leading experts specializing in magnetic resonance, electrophysiology, and optical imaging methods explain basic principles of their respective techniques and demonstrate their power in depicting functional activation patterns en route to a basic understanding of the dynamic processes underlying various neuroimaging signals. The novel results, from various species, provide a new understanding of dynamics of neural activity that span a wide spatiotemporal range. Numerous cutting-edge applications are used as examples to illustrate enticing possibilities of combining techniques toward studies of normal function and disease. Exclusive examples of dynamic functional imaging of the cerebral cortex, olfactory bulb, and retina are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of each method for applications to the neurosciences. State-of-the-art techniques described include multi-photon optical imaging, multi-array electrical recordings, heteronuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and functional magnetic resonance imaging.

Up-to-date and user-friendly, Dynamic Brain Imaging: Multi-Modal Methods and In Vivo Applications is designed to be accessible to both specialist neurophysiologists and general neuroscientists. It reviews the fundamental, theoretical, and practical principles of magnetic resonance, electrophysiology, and optical methods as applied in the neurosciences and shows how these tools can be used successfully to answer important questions in brain science.