Drug Metabolite Isolation and Determination

ISBN-13: 9781468444865 / Angielski / Miękka / 2012 / 290 str.

Eric Reid

Opis

Scope of the book, and acknowledgements.- The articles are focused on 'real problems' in body-fluid analysis, typically with a final chromatographic separation of g or often ng amounts if the aim is quantitation. The pitfalls may not be realized by a typical chemist (cf. remarks in #A-3), but he may excel in metabolite iden- tification - which this book covers to a fair extent. Where identity is known, and the metabolite could interfere in therapeutic drug monitoring or in diagnosis or itself have clinical relevance, useful guidance will come from articles that follow. Authors have gone to much trouble, and are not to be blamed by any reader who would have liked an introduction to chromatography or to metabolic pathways (cf. list of conjugation reactions at end of concluding article). Appre- ciation is also expressed for permission to reproduce published mat- erial; the acknowledged sources include 1. Chroma tog. (Elsevier; e. g. in #A-l), Anal. Chem. (American Chemical Society; #A-2) and Wiley.

Spis treści

#A Techniques Applicable to Metabolite Investigation.- #A-1 Strategies centered on HPLC.- #A-2 Preparative liquid-chromatographic methods in drug metabolism studies.- #A-3 Problems arising from assaying low concentrations HPLC.- #A-4 Extraction of drugs and metabolites from plasma and urine.- #A-5 The use of long capillary GC columns for urinary phenolic acids from catecholamines and analogues.- #A-6 Quantitative HPTLC in assaying body fluids for drugs and metabolites.- #NC(A) NOTES and COMMENTS related to the foregoing topics.- #NC(A)-1 TLC densitometry for drug and metabolite determination.- #NC(A)-2 Taking aliquots from small volumes of upper phases.- #NC(A)-3 Rapid removal of fine particles from alumina for column chromatography.- #NC(A)-4 Assessment of radioactivity measurements on HPLC effluents.- #NC(A)-5 Quantitation of14C radioactivity in HPLC eluates.- #B Investigation of Metabolites, Especially Phase I.- #B-1 Examples of approaches to isolating and identifying Phase I metabolites.- #B-2 The identification of amitriptyline and benzodiazepine metabolites.- #B-3 A novel use of RIA and HPLC in the identification of plasma metabolites of HR 158.- #B-4 Investigation of pesticide metabolites in the human.- #NC(B) NOTES and COMMENTS relating to the foregoing topics.- #NC(B)-1 Metabolic fate of the immunoadjuvant peptidoglycan monomer.- #NC(B)-2 HPLC as a means of following anin vitrosynthesis of 7-hydroxymethotrexate.- #C Investigation of Conjugates.- #C-1 Isolation of conjugates and identification of the attached groups.- #C-2 Isolation and characterization of amino acid and sugar conjugates of xenobiotic carboxylic acids.- #C-3 Chromatography, hydrolysis and rearrangement of the glucuronide conjugates of isoxepac, as affecting its assay in urine.- #NC(C) NOTE and COMMENTS relating to the foregoing topics.- #NC(C)-1 Isolation and identification of a drug conjugate.- #D Determination of Particular Mugs and Metabolites.- #D-1 HPLC analysis of the major urinary metabolite of flurazepam.- #D-2 Quantification of metabolites of aminopyrine and antipyrine in plasma and urine.- #D-3 Immunoassay of bromcriptine and specificity of antibody: criteria for choice of antiserum and marker compound.- #D-4 Determination of 3-phenoxy-N-methylmorphinan and metabolites in plasma.- #D-5 Assays where high sensitivity was achieved, especially by HPTLC with automatic spotting and colour reactions.- #NC(D) NOTES and COMMENTS on drug and metabolite determinations.- #NC(D)-1 Selective column-extraction of psycho-active drugs and metabolites.- #NC(D)-2 Determination of atracurium and its metabolites.- #NC(D)-3 Discrimination between carbon monoxide as a metabolite of carbon tetrachloride and as a degradation product of the biological material.- #NC(D)-4 HPLC determination of cefotaxime and its metabolites.- #E Metabolite Methodology: The State-of-Play.- Cumulative Index of Compound Types, Covering Vols. 5, 7 & 10 also.- General Index.- Corrections to Vols. 10 & 11.