Disease Transmission by Insects: Its Discovery and 90 Years of Effort to Prevent It

ISBN-13: 9783540554578 / Angielski / Miękka / 1993 / 361 str.

James Ronald Busvine

Opis

A history of the medical discovery of disease transmission by insects, which surveys a century of research into ways of eradicating the diseases by exterminating the vectors. It examines how DDT and other insecticides initially achieved great improvements, but later faced serious setbacks.

Spis treści

1: The Discovery of Unsuspected Dangers.- Prologue: How Arthropods Came to Transmit Human Diseases.- Section 1: The Insect Vectors.- From Speculation to Certainty: The Incrimination of the Disease Carriers.- Early Indications Based on Circumstantial Evidence.- Experimental Proof of Insect Transmission.- Discovery of Pathogens and Their Association with Some Insects.- The Elucidation of Particular Diseases.- Diseases Transmitted by Mosquitoes.- Filariasis.- Malaria.- Yellow Fever.- Dengue.- Haemorrhagic Dengue.- Miscellaneous Mosquito-Borne Arboviruses.- Diseases Spread by Higher Diptera.- Sleeping Sickness.- Diseases Spread by Houseflies.- Diseases Spread by Eye Flies.- Diseases Transmitted by Biting Midges.- Sandfly-Borne Diseases.- Disease Transmitted by Blackflies.- Diseases Transmitted by Insects Other than Diptera.- Plague.- Louse-Borne Typhus.- The Brill-Zinsser Disease.- Louse-Borne Relapsing Fever.- Flea-Borne Murine Typhus.- Chagas’ Disease.- Section 2: Diseases Transmitted by Mites and Ticks.- Some Differences.- Diseases Due to Spirochaetes.- Tick-Borne Relapsing Fever.- Lyme Disease.- Diseases Due to Rickettsia.- Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever.- Fievre Bouteneuse and Tick Typhus.- Tsutsugamushi (Scrub Typhus).- Rickettsial Pox.- Q Fever.- Diseases Due to Viruses.- Colorado Tick Fever.- Tick-Borne Encephalitides.- Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever.- Kyasanur Forest Disease.- A Tick-Borne Bacterial Disease.- Tularaemia.- Some Concluding Remarks Regarding the Transmission of Arthropod-Borne Diseases.- A Tribute to the Pioneers.- The Possibility of the Emergence of New Arthropod-Borne Diseases.- 2: Control Measures Pre-DDT.- Early Responses to New Opportunities.- Control Measures During the Inter-War Period.- The Control of Various Insect-Borne Diseases.- Diseases Transmitted by Mosquitoes.- Malaria Control up to the First World War.- Anti-Malarial Measures During the Inter-War Period.- Yellow Fever: Control Measures Prior to the First World War.- Measures Against Yellow Fever in the Inter-War Period.- Control of Dengue.- Control of Filariasis.- Control of Diseases Spread by Higher Diptera.- Sleeping Sickness: Control up to the First World War.- Control of Sleeping Sickness in the Inter-War Period.- Control of Housefly-Borne Diseases up to the First World War.- Housefly Control During the Inter-War Years.- Control of Diseases Due to Eye Flies.- Diseases Spread by Biting Midges.- Control of Sandfly-Borne Diseases.- Control of Onchocerciasis.- Diseases Transmitted by Insects Other than Diptera.- Plague Control Prior to the First World War.- Measures Against Plague in the Inter-War Years.- Chagas’ Disease.- Typhus Epidemics and Attempts to Control Them During the First World War.- Typhus Control up to and During the Second World War.- 3: The Impact of the new Pesticides.- New Kinds of Insecticide.- Common Names of the New Insecticides.- DDT: The Pioneer.- Other Synthetic Chlorinated Insecticides.- Anti-Cholinesterase Insecticides.- Synthetic Pyrethroids.- Formulation and Application Methods.- Formulation.- Dissemination of Liquid Formulations.- Insecticide Application Methods in Relation to Vector Control.- Major Problems Arising from the Use of the New Insecticides.- Insecticide Resistance.- Toxic Hazards of Insecticides.- Advances in the Control of Various Insect-Borne Diseases.- Diseases Transmitted by Mosquitoes.- Malaria.- Mosquito-Transmitted Virus Diseases.- Yellow Fever.- Various Mosquito-Borne Arboviruses.- Control of Filariasis.- Control of Diseases Spread by Higher Diptera.- Sleeping Sickness.- Control of Diseases Spread by Houseflies.- Control of Diseases Spread by Other Non-Biting Flies.- Diseases Transmitted by Biting Midges.- Control of Onchocerciasis.- Control of Diseases Spread by Sandflies: Leishmaniasis, Sandfly Fever, Bartonellosis.- Diseases Transmitted by Insects Other than Diptera.- Chagas’ Disease.- Flea-Borne Diseases: Plague and Murine Typhus.- Louse-Borne Diseases: Typhus and Relapsing Fever.- Some General Conclusions.- 4: Modern Problems and Possibilities.- The Present Predicament.- The Present Situation Regarding Arthropod-Borne Diseases.- Meeting the Challenge.- Current Options for Vector Control.- The Search for New Insecticides.- Control by Altering Vector Behaviour.- Biological Control.- Insect Growth Regulators.- Physical and Chemical Genetic Control Techniques.- Genetic Control by Biological Techniques.- The Sterile Insect Release Method.- Environmental Sanitation.- Human Factors in Vector Control.- Population Pressure.- The Human Factor in the Organisation of Control Measures Locally.- Central Organisation of Vector Control.