Discontinuous Deformation Analysis in Rock Mechanics Practice

ISBN-13: 9781138027688 / Angielski / Twarda / 2017 / 390 str.

Yossef H. Hatzor;Guowei Ma;Genhua Shi

Opis

The numerical, discrete element, Discontinuous Deformation Analysis (DDA) method was developed by Dr. Gen-hua Shi while he was working at the University of California, Berkeley, under the supervision of Prof. Richard E. Goodman in the late 1980s. Two-dimensional DDA was published in 1993 and three-dimensional DDA in 2001. Since its publication DDA has been verified, validated and applied in numerous studies worldwide and is now considered a powerful and robust method to address both static and dynamic engineering problems in discontinuous rock masses. In this book Yossef H. Hatzor and Guowei Ma, the two co-chairs of the International Society for Rock Mechanics (ISRM) Commission on DDA, join Dr. Shi in authoring a monograph that presents the state of the art in DDA research. A comprehensive discussion of DDA development since its publication is provided in Chapter 1, followed by concise reviews of 2D and 3D DDA in chapters 2 and 3. Procedures to select geological and numerical input parameters for DDA are discussed in Chapter 4 and DDA validation and verification is presented in Chapter 5. Applications of DDA in underground and rock slope engineering projects are discussed in chapters 6 and 7. In Chapter 8 the novel contact theory recently developed by Dr. Shi is published in its complete form, for the first time. The book is written for engineering geologists and civil engineers who are involved in projects in discontinuous rock masses where the dynamic deformation of block systems is of interest, for scientists interested in discrete element methods, and for numerical code developers. Engineering practitioners will find more interest in the introduction and chapters 4, 6, and 7. Theoreticians will find chapters 2, 3, and 8 useful for gaining deeper understanding of DDA theory. Code developers will find Chapter 5 useful for checking their codes against the bench mark tests and the analytical solutions presented there. This book is published within the framework of the ISRM Book Series and is the contribution of the ISRM DDA Commission to the international rock mechanics community.

Spis treści

Introduction 1.1 Who should read this book? 1.2 How to use this book? 1.3 Continuous vs. discontinuous deformation 1.4 DDA history 1.5 Three decades of DDA research and development 1.6 DDA vs. FEM and DEM 1.7 Main features of DDA 1.8 Some limitations of the original DDA 1.9 Block discretization 1.10 Higher order displacement function 1.11 Coupling DDA with other numerical methods 1.12 Improved contact algorithms 1.13 Incorporation of viscous damping 1.14 Improved friction law for discontinuities 1.15 Gravity turn on and sequential excavation 1.16 Dynamic wave propagation and blasting 1.17 Masonry structures 1.18 Improved rockbolt element 1.19 Granular materials 1.20 Pore pressure and fluid flow 1.21 Current development of 3-D DDA 2 Theory of the discontinuous deformation analysis (DDA) 2.1 Governing equations and displacement approximation 2.2 Formulation of matrices for each single block 2.3 Interactions between blocks 2.4 Time integration scheme and governing equations for blocky systems 2.5 Simplex integration for 2-D DDA 2.6 Summary 3 Theory of the discontinuous deformation analysis in three dimensions 3.1 Block displacement approximation and global equilibrium equation 3.2 Formulation of matrices for single block 3.3 Interactions among blocks 3.4 Simplex integration for 3D DDA 3.5 Summary 4 Geological input parameters for realistic DDA modeling 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Realistic representation of rock mass structure 4.3 Mechanical input parameters for forward modeling 5 DDA verification 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Single plane sliding 5.3 Double plane sliding 5.4 Block response to cyclic motion of frictional interface 5.5 Dynamic rocking of slender blocks 5.6 Wave propagation phenomena 6 Underground excavations 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Shallow underground excavations 6.3 Deep underground excavations 7 Rock slopes 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Rotational failure modes 7.3 Dynamic rock slope stability analysis 7.4 Rockbolt reinforcement 8 Shi’s new contact theory 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Geometric representations of angles and blocks 8.3 Definition of the entrance block 8.4 Basic theorems of entrance block 8.5 Boundaries of the entrance solid angles of 2D solid angles 8.6 Contact vectors of 2D solid angles 8.7 Boundaries of an entrance block of 2D blocks 8.8 Contact edges of 2D blocks 8.9 Boundaries of entrance solid angle of 3D solid angles 8.10 Contact solid angles of 3D solid angles 8.11 Boundaries of entrance block of 3D blocks 8.12 Contact polygons of 3D blocks 8.13 Conclusions

O autorze

Professor Yossef H. Hatzor is currently Lemkin Chair Professor of Rock Mechanics, Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences, the director of the engineering geology program and of the rock mechanics laboratory at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel. His research focuses on the development, verification, validation, and application of Block Theory, the numerical Discontinuous Deformation Analysis, and the Numerical Manifold Method, by developing analytical solutions that can be used as a basis for code verification, conducting laboratory experiments that can be used for code validation, and monitoring rock mass deformation in the field for addressing key rock mechanics issues. Professor Hatzor is involved in major geotechnical engineering projects in Israel, including dynamic stability analysis and reinforcement design of the Masada world heritage site. Yossef is the founding president of Israel Rock Mechanics Association, an ISRM national group, and served as IRMA president between 2003 and 2014. In 2007 he was appointed as Chair Professor in Rock Mechanics by BGU Senate. In 2011 he won the competitive visiting professorship appointment for senior international scientists by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and he holds this position at the Rock and Soil Mechanics Institute of the CAS in Wuhan, where he collaborates with colleagues from the National Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering on projects involving deep tunnels in various geological conditions in China.Yossef is co-chair of the ISRM DDA Commission. He is the recipient of several national and international research awards and is a member of the editorial boards of both the International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, and Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering. Prof Guowei Ma obtained his BSc from Beijing University in 1989, MEng from Xi’an Jiaotong University in 1992, PhD from Nanyang Technological University, Singapore in 2000. He worked subsequently in Xi’an Jiaotong University/China, Iwate University/Japan, University of Delaware/USA, Nanyang Technological University (NTU)/Singapore and the University of Western Australia (UWA)/Australia. He had been the Secretary General of the Society of Rock Mechanics & Engineering Geology (Singapore) and the Secretary General of the Association of Computational Mechanics (Singapore). He is currently the President of the Western Australia Chinese Scientists Association (WACSA). Guowei’s research interests include rock dynamics, analysis of discontinuous deformation, dynamic constitutive models of materials and protective structures.He is also the Associate Editor of International Journal of Protective Structures, and an Editorial Board Member of 6 other international journals. He co-authored 2 books published by Springer, edited 2 conference proceedings and 3 special issues of international journals. He authored over 300 peer reviewed international journal and conference papers. Dr. Genhua Shi, acknowledged as a professional consultant in rock and structural engineering, is the chairman of the DDA Company in California, USA, and the chief scientist of the Discontinuous Deformation Analysis Laboratory, Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute. He obtained his BSc and MEng from Beijing University, China respectively in 1963 and 1968, and his PhD from University of California at Berkeley, USA in 1988. He has put forward the Key Block theory and Discontinuous Deformation Analysis method, now widely studied and applied in rock mechanics and rock engineering fields worldwide. He is also the inventor of the Numerical Manifold Method, which is a novel method for the analysis of both continuous and discontinuous material behaviors. He has been actively involved in many worldly famous projects related to rock mechanics in-situ tests, nuclear waste storage, blasting design of rock engineering, stability analysis of rock slopes and rock foundations, underground excavation support design and construction, and dam design and dam foundation analysis. His papers have appeared in profound journals, and in significant conferences such as the series of North American Rock Mechanics Symposiums, and the series of Conferences on Analysis of Discontinuous Deformation. Genhua is the recipient of the China Natural Science Award and other international awards. He resides in Belmont, California, USA.