Diffusion in Solids

ISBN-13: 9780873391054 / Angielski / Twarda / 1988 / 246 str.

Paul Shewmon

Opis

This second edition is an updated and revised version of the original text. It offers detailed descriptions of the methods available to predict the occurrence of diffusion in alloys subjected to various processes. Major topic areas covered include diffusion equations, atomic theory of diffusion, diffusion in dilute alloys, diffusion in a concentration gradient, diffusion in non-metals, high diffusivity paths, and thermo- and electro-transport. This is an excellent textbook for use in metallurgical and materials science and engineering education.

Spis treści

PREFACE.

CHAPTER 1. DIFFUSION EQUATIONS.

1.1 FLUX EQUATION.

1.2 DIFFUSION EQUATION.

1.3 DIFFUSION EQUATION SOLUTIONS (CONSTANT D).

1.4 KINETICS OF PRECIPITATION.

1.5 STRESS–ASSISTED DIFFUSION.

1.6 SOLUTIONS FOR VARIABLE D.

1.7 TWO–PHASE BINARY SYSTEMS.

1.8 DIFFUSION IN NONCUBIC LATTICES.

CHAPTER 2. ATOMIC THEORY OF DIFFUSION.

2.1 RANDOM MOVEMENT AND THE DIFFUSION COEFFICIENT.

2.2 MECHANISMS OF DIFFUSION.

2.3 RANDOM WALK PROBLEM.

2.4 CALCULATION OF D.

2.5 CALCULATION OF H AND S FROM FIRST PRINCIPLES.

2.6 EXPERIMENTAL DETERMINATION OF Hv, Hm, AND Sv.

2.7 EFFECT OF HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE ON DIFFUSION.

2.8 EMPIRICAL RULES FOR OBTAINING Q AND Do.

2.9 DIVACANCY FORMATION.

2.10 SELF DIFFUSION ANOMALIES.

CHAPTER 3. DIFFUSION IN DILUTE ALLOYS.

3.1 INTERSTITIALS AND ANELASTICITY.

3.2 IMPURITY DIFFUSION IN PURE METALS.

3.3 CORRELATION EFFECTS.

3.4 INTERSTITIAL DIFFUSION IN SUBSTITUTIONAL ALLOYS.

3.5 DIFFUSION WITH TRAPS (HYDROGEN IN IRON).

CHAPTER 4. DIFFUSION IN A CONCENTRATION GRADIENT.

4.1 THE KIRKENDALL EFFECT.

4.2 DARKEN′S ANALYSIS.

4.3 PHENOMENOLOGICAL EQUATIONS.

4.4 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CHEMICAL D1 AND TRACER D1.

4.5 TEST OF DARKEN′S ASSUMPTIONS.

4.6 TERNARY ALLOYS.

4.7 ESTIMATES OF D ACROSS A BINARY PHASE DIAGRAM.

CHAPTER 5. DIFFUSION IN NON–METALS.

5.1 DEFECTS IN IONIC SOLIDS.

5.2 DIFFUSION AND IONIC CONDUCTION.

5.3 EXPERIMENTAL CHECK OF RELATION BETWEEN s AND Dt.

5.4 EFFECT OF IMPURITIES ON Dt AND s.

5.5 EFFECT OF IMPURITIES ON CONDUCTIVITY (FRENKEL DISORDER).

5.6 RELATION OF s TO Dt IN AgBr (FRENKEL DISORDER).

5.7 OXIDE SEMICONDUCTORS.

5.8 ELEMENTAL SEMICONDUCTORS.

5.9 ORDERED ALLOYS AND INTERMETALLIC PHASES.

CHAPTER 6. HIGH DIFFUSIVITY PATHS.

6.1 ANALYSIS OF GRAIN BOUNDARY DIFFUSION.

6.2 EXPERIMENTAL OBSERVATIONS ON GRAIN BOUNDARY DIFFUSION.

6.3 DISLOCATION & GRAIN SIZE EFFECTS.

6.4 DIFFUSION ALONG MOVING BOUNDARIES.

6.5 SURFACE DIFFUSION AND SHAPE CHANGE.

6.6 SURFACE DIFFUSION DATA AND MECHANISMS.

CHAPTER 7. THERMO– AND ELECTRO– TRANSPORT IN SOLIDS.

7.1 ELECTRO–TRANSPORT.

7.2 THERMO–TRANSPORT––INTERSTITIAL ALLOYS.

7.3 THERMO–TRANSPORT––VACANCY DIFFUSION.

INDEX.