Detoxification of Chemical Warfare Agents: From Wwi to Multifunctional Nanocomposite Approaches

ISBN-13: 9783319707594 / Angielski / Twarda / 2018 / 144 str.

Dimitrios A. Giannakoudakis; Teresa J. Bandosz

Opis

The authors design approaches to gas masks and address the performance of new filter materials which decontaminate chemical warfare agents (CWA) when applied in the vapor phase.

Spis treści

1. Chemical Warfare Agents (CWAs)

1.1. The history of Chemical Warfare Agents

1.1. International agreements against CWAs

1.1. Classification of Chemical Warfare Agents

2. World War I: Militarization of chemistry

2.1. The chronicle of the vast scale usage of CWAs: The road to Mustard gas        

2.2. Casualties and Fatalities from CWAs in WWI

2.2. The primarily protection attempts: pads, helmets and Gas Masks

3. Mustard Gas: The King of CWAs        

3.1. Mustard Gas: The King of CWAs          

3.2. Mustard gas deployment post the WWI          

3.3. Possible decomposition pathways of HD and CEES

3.4. Surrogates of Mustard Gas

4. Current situation of protection against CWAs

4.1. Whetlerites: the improved military activated carbon

4.2. Research on new adsorption materials

5. New approaches in the detoxification of CWAs

5.1. Zinc (hydr)oxide based multifunctional-nanocomposites

5.2. Zirconium (hydr)oxide based multifunctional-nanocomposites

6. Path towards future research

6.1. Oxidized graphitic carbon nitride nanospheres instead of graphite oxide and metal NPs

6.2. Mixed Oxides

6.2. Application of textiles

O autorze

Dimitrios A. Giannakoudakis obtained his PhD from the City University of New York in 2016. For his research performance he received the “James Whittam Award for Research Excellence in Interfacial Phenomena”. 

Teresa Bandosz is a full professor of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering at the City College of New York. She has a broad experience in the field of materials preparation, and their applications to environmental problems related to development of adsorbents for gas separation. Her recent research interests include synthesis of Graphene/ MOF, Graphene/ hydroxide composites for separation and energy harvesting applications, visible light photoactivity of carbonaceous materials, energy storage, and CO₂ sequestration and reduction, and development of protection against chemical warfare agents. Since 2014, she is co-editor of the Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. She is also on the Board of Directors of International Adsorption Society and on the Editorial Boards of Carbon, Adsorption Science and Technology and Applied Surface Science. 

Blurb

This book presents a detailed history of chemical warfare development during the First World War and discusses design approaches to gas masks and the performance of new filter materials that decontaminate chemical warfare agents (CWA) when applied in the vapor phase. It describes multifunctional nanocomposites containing zinc and zirconium (hydr)oxides, graphite oxide and silver or gold nanoparticles as reactive adsorbents for the degradation of the CWAs vapors. In addition it examines in detail the surface properties that are most important in the mineralization performance.