Derivative Spectrophotometry and Electron Spin Resonance (Esr) Spectroscopy for Ecological and Biological Questions

ISBN-13: 9783709110065 / Angielski / Twarda / 2012 / 360 str.

Vladimir S. Saakov; Valery Z. Drapkin; Alexander I. Krivchenko

Opis

Here is an overview of the application of high order derivative spectrophotometry and Electron Spin Resonance spectroscopy in biology and ecology. Discussion includes the characteristics of the principle methods as well as the generation of reliable spectra.

Spis treści

Preface

Introduction

Chapter 1. Bases of the derivative spectrophotometry

1.1 The main law of light absorption by a substance

1.1.1 Reasons of deviation from Bouguer’s law

1.2 Correctness and accuracy of spectrophotometric data

1.2.1 Main factors influencing on accuracy of spectrophotometric measurements

1.2.2 Difference (differential) spectrophotometry

1.2.3 Measurement errors of the difference spectrophotometry

1.3 Derivative spectrophotometry

1.3.1 Methods of derivative signal registration and diagrams of differential analyzers

1.3.2 Parameter optimization of the differentiating circuit

1.3.3 The derivative spectrophotometry of difference spectra

1.3.4 Method of the pulse amplitude-modulated fluorescence for the solution of ecologicalbiochemical problems

 

Chapter 2. The derivative spectrophotometry method for analysis of biologically active substances

2.1 The derivative spectrophotometry for analysis of a number of guanidine preparations

2.2 Сhelating ability of 1,3-bis-((p-chlorobenzylidene)amino) guanidine: complexes with Ca²⁺and La³⁺ ions

2.3 The special features of the Ca²⁺binding by mono-, bis- and tris-substituted guanidine derivatives

2.4 Special features of interaction of bis-((chlorobenzylidene)amino)guanidine derivatives with Ca²⁺ depending on the chlorine atom position in the molecule

2.5 The specific character of Ca²⁺ interaction with ((benzylidene)amino)guanidine derivatives containig electron-donor or electron-acceptor substituters

2.6 Special features of calcium ions interaction with bis-((4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzilidene)amino)guanidine and bis-((4-cyanobenzilidene)amino) guanidine

2.7 The proof of polycomponent composition of the promising antitumor drug "Ukrain"

2.8 Derived spectra application for the analysis of derived forms of nondepolarizing muscle relaxant tercuronium, of vitamins and hormones

2.8.1 Comparative analysis of tercuronium derivatives

2.8.2 The reasonability of derived spectra application for the analysis of commercial preparations of vitamins and hormones

2.9 The importance of the derivative spectrophotometry in modern studies of aromatic amino acids and proteins

2.9.1 Special features of derived spectra of phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan

2.9.2 Special features of phenylalanine spectra change caused by influence of gamma radiation

2.9.3 Specific character of tyrosine spectra changes under influence of gamma-radiation

2.9.4 The character of tryptophan derived spectra change under influence of gamma-irradiation

2.9.5 The comparative characteristic of albumin denaturation spectral changes under thermal and radiation exposures

2.9.6 Changes of the gamma globulin optical spectra under γ – irradiation

2.9.7 Special features of γ-globulin spectra changes during γ-globulin denaturation caused by thermal and radiation exposure

2.9.8 The coupling of albumin derived spectra change with the determination accuracy of albumin / globulin coefficient for radiation injuries

 

Chapter 3. Applicability of the DSHO method in the work with pigments of plants and animals

3.1 Derived spectra of high orders for some carotenoids

3.2 Neoxanthin as a probable key product of formation of α- and β- carotenoid derivatives

3.3 Metabolic transformations of labeled 14C- or 3H- carotene in animal tissues

3.4 Importance of the derivative spectrophotometry for study of alternative ways of carotenoids biosynthesis in Procaryota and Eucaryota

3.5 Possibility of participation of α-ketoglutaric acid funds in carotenoids biosynthesis in chloroplasts

3.6 Malic acid as the source for carotenoids synthesis in plants with С4-way of carbon in photosynthesis

3.7 Indication of the de-epoxidation reaction with help of derived spectra

3.7.1 Coupling of the de-epoxidation reaction of xanthophylls with change of DII spectra at λ = 460 – 470 nm

3.7.2 Capabilities of the derivative spectrophotometry for assessment of influence of poisons and herbicides as extreme factors of environment

3.7.3 Features of influence of photosystem inhibitors and of photophosphorylation

3.7.4 The coupling of xanthophylls transformations with chloroplast energetics

3.7.5 Assessment of character of radiation injuries of the photosynthetic apparatus in vivo with help of derived spectra of high orders

3.7.6 The derivative spectrophotometry for the analysis of pigments of blood and its state

3.7.7 About possibility of application of the method of differentiation of spectral curves to decoding of electrocardiograms for the analysis of heart activity

 

Chapter 4. EPR spectroscopy for solution of some scientific real-world problems in biology, medicine and ecology

4.1 The phenomenon of magnetic resonance

4.2 EPR phenomenon

4.2.1 Induced electron quantum transitions in EPR phenomenon

4.2.2 Hyperfine electron-nuclear interaction in the EPR method

4.2.3 A stationary method of magnetic resonance signals detection

4.3 EPR- dosimetry

4.3.1 EPR-dosimetry of population

4.3.2 EPR-dosimetry of objects and territories

4.3.3 "Alanine" dosimetry

4.4 Detection of paramagnetic ions in water solutions at room temperature

4.5 EPR of paramagnetic ions in low-temperature water-acidic matrixes

4.6 Detection of impurities capable of being photooxidized, in water, with the usage of electron phototransfer reaction

4.7 Determination of deuterium concentration in water

4.8 Multiquantum processes in reactions of photosynthesis and a photosensitization

4.9 Resolution of overlapped spectra

4.10 Small-sized specialized EPR equipment

4.11 Measurement of dielectric properties of substances at frequencies 10 and 30 GHz

 

Conclusion

References

Subject Index

Blurb

This book provides a multidisciplinary overview to the application of high order derivative spectrophotometry and Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) spectroscopy in biology and ecology. The characteristics of the principle methods as well as the generation of reliable spectra are discussed in general terms allowing the reader to gain an idea of these methods’ potentials. Furthermore the authors give an extended overview to the spectroscopic and spectro-photometric analysis of specific biological materials. This volume is a well condensed description of an analytical method and a clear review to its application in biology and related fields and an essential tool for researchers who are new in the field of spectroscopic methods and their applications in the life sciences.