Deformation and Fracture Behaviour of Polymers

ISBN-13: 9783642074530 / Angielski / Miękka / 2011 / 599 str.

Wolfgang Grellmann; Sabine Seidler

Opis

The application of fracture mechanics to polymers and composites allows the quantitative description of the toughness behaviour by means of fracture mechan- ics parameters and enables preventive failure analysis. In recent years this young scientific discipline has developed rapidly, and now the experimental results are looking for more applications in industrial practice. However, the practical appli- cations of fracture mechanics parameters to structural-integrity assessment are severely restricted owing to their limited transferability from specimens to com- ponents. Indeed, geometry-independent fracture mechanics parameters are very important for the reliable functioning of polymers and components in nearly all industrial application fields. These application fields include the polymer development, quality control, con- struction and polymer-specific design of reliable components in the motor indus- try, the electrical industry and the manufacture of household appliances, as well as applications in information technology and medical applications. The present status report on the deformation and fracture behaviour of polymer materials was composed on the basis of revised lectures presented at the Merse- burg discussion conference entitled 'Deformation and Fracture Behaviour of Polymers' and additional single contributions. The editors and authors have tried hard to present information about the applied fracture mechanics of polymers and composites in the light of their current re- search work.

Recenzje

From the reviews of the first edition:

"This book is published in the 'Engineering Materials' series intended to provide materials to scientists and engineers in research and development with topical information on structure, properties, manufacturing, and applications. ... Although the book is a conference/workshop proceeding, the lectures are thoughtfully re-written with some additional contributions and well produced to give the book a longer shelf life. ... It will ... serve as a valuable reference because it provides a snapshot of the current status ... ." (N. Sanjeeva Murthy, Polymer News, Vol. 27 (11), 2002)

"The book under review is composed of lectures presented at the Merseburg Discussion Conference with several additional contributions ... . the present book is definitely a reference book. This reviewer sees to different audiences to which the book will be of interest - practical engineers designing and researching structures using polymeric materials, and theoreticians working in fracture mechanics. ... The quality of publication is good ... . Deformation and Fracture Behavior of Polymers is recommended to all large technical libraries." (GI Barenblatt, Applied Mechanics Reviews, Vol. 56 (1), 2003)

"The book describes recent progress in basic and applied research into the deformation and fracture behaviour of polymers, blends, copolymers, composites and biocompatible materials. ... Taking into account recent trends in this field, the contribution of a large number of specialists from Germany, Austria, Poland and Czechia collected in one volume can be very useful for further developments and information, thus stimulating the theoretical activity in different branches of mechanics, and especially in fracture and damage analysis, in plasticity, viscoplasticity, etc." (M. Misicu, Zentralblatt MATH, Vol. 978, 2002)

Spis treści

A 1.1 New Developments in Toughness Evaluation of Polymers and Compounds by Fracture Mechanics.- A 1.2 Concepts of Fracture Mechanics for Polymers.- A 2.1 Influence of Specimen Geometry and Loading Conditions on the Crack Resistance Behaviour of Poly(vinyl chloride) and Polypropylene.- A 2.2 Procedure for Determining the Crack Resistance Behaviour Using the Instrumented Charpy Impact Test.- A 2.3 Possibilities and Limits of Standards and Drafts for J—R Curve Determination of Polymers.- A 2.4 The Relationship Between the Fracture Behaviour and Structural Parameters of PE-HD.- A 3.1 Application of Single-Specimen Testing Methods for Determining J—R Curves of Polymers.- A 3.2 Application of Normalization Method for Determining J—R Curves in the Amorphous Polymer PVC.- A 3.3 Calculation of J—R Curves Based on Load—Deflection Diagrams Using the Hinge Model Test Specimen.- A 3.4 An Alternative Method Based on J—TJ and ?—T? Stability Assessment Diagrams to Determine Instability Values from Crack Resistance Curves.- B 1.1 Supermolecular Structure and Mechanical Behaviour of Isotactic Polypropylene.- B 1.2 Correlation Between Structure and Toughness Behaviour of High-Density Polyethylene under Impact Load.- B 1.3 Toughness and Relaxation Behaviour of PMMA, PS and PC.- B 1.4 Crazing in Amorphous Polymers — Formation of Fibrillated Crazes Near the Glass Transition Temperature.- B 1.5 Influence of Temperature and Moisture on Toughness Behaviour of Polyamide.- B 2.1 Relationship Between Fracture Behaviour and Morphology in PE/PP Blends.- B 2.2 Influence of Modifier Content and Temperature on Toughness Behaviour of Polyamide.- B 2.3 Morphology and Toughness of PP/EPR Blends.- B 2.4 Morphology and Micro-Mechanics of Phase-Separated Polyethylene Blends.- B 3.1 Toughness Optimization of Multi-Phase Polymer Materials Based on a PP Matrix Using Fracture Mechanics Parameters.- B 3.2 Crack Toughness Behaviour of ABS Materials.- B 3.3 Fracture Mechanics Characterization of ABS Materials — Influence of Morphology and Temperature.- B 3.4 Brittle Fracture of ABS — Investigation of the Morphology—Failure Relationship.- C.1 Defect-Selective Imaging.- C.2 Determination of Local Deformation Behaviour of Polymers by Means of Laser Extensometry.- C.3 Damage Analysis of Composite Materials by Acoustic-Emission Examination.- D.1 Polymer-Based Composites for Friction and Wear Applications.- D.2 Modification of Polymers by Means of Amorphous Carbon for Optimization of Tribological Properties.- D.3 Mechanical Vibration Behaviour of a Compressor Blade Made from a High-Performance Composite.- E.1 Polymer Materials in Joint Surgery.- E.2 Material Parameters and ESEM Characterization of Functional ENT Prostheses During Ongoing Degradation.- E.3 Microbial Corrosion of Pharyngo-Tracheal Shunt Valves (‘Voice Prostheses’).- E.4 Deformation Behaviour of Voice Prostheses — Sensitivity of Mechanical Test Methods.- F.1 Crack Initiation Wear and Molecular Structure of Filled Vulcanized Materials.- F.2 Investigation of Crack Propagation Behaviour of Unfilled and Filled Vulcanizates.- F.3 Characterization of Deformation Behaviour of Modified Polymer Concrete.- F.4 Fracture Mechanics Testing of Modified Epoxy Resins with Mini-Compact Tension (CT) Specimens.- G.1 Modelling of the Mechanical Behaviour of Non-Linear Viscoelastic Materials under a Multi-Dimensional State of Stress.- G.2 Detergent Resistance of PP/GF Composites.- G.3 Material Optimization of Polypropylene—Short-Glass-Fibre Composites.- G.4 Influence of Exposure on the Impact Behaviour of Glass-Fibre-Reinforced Polymer Composites.- G.5 Physical Ageing and Post-Crystallization of Polypropylene.- Author Index.

Blurb

This book gives an overview of recent advances in the fracture mechanics of polymers (experimental and alternative methods), morphology property correlations (homopolymers, copolymers, blends), hybrid methods for polymer testing and polymer diagnostics, and biocompatible materials and medical prostheses, as well as application examples and limits. The investigation of deformation and fracture behaviour using the experimental methods of fracture mechanics has been the subject of intense research during the last decade. In a systematic manner, each chapter of this book gives a review of the particular aspects. This book will be of great value to scientists, engineers and graduates in polymer materials science.