Cotton

ISBN-13: 9783642803758 / Angielski / Miękka / 2012 / 367 str.

Y.P.S. Bajaj

Opis

Cotton is a multipurpose crop and produces lint, the most important source of fiber used in the textile industry, oil, seed meal, and hulls.
Twenty-three chapters on various aspects of in vitro manipulation and other biotechnological approaches to the improvement of cotton are arranged in six sections. Special emphasis is placed on interspecific hybridization, somaclonal variation, transgenic cotton resistant to insects and herbicides, and re-engineering of fiber.
This book is of special interest to advanced students, teachers, and research workers in the field of cotton breeding, genetics, tissue culture, molecular biology, and plant biotechnology in general.

Spis treści

Section I Biotechnology for the Improvement of Cotton; Establishment of Callus Culture and Somatic Embryogenesis; Protoplast Culture; Micropropagation and the Conservation of Germplasm.- I.1 Biotechnology for the Improvement of Cotton.- 1 General Account.- 2 Biotechnology Studies on Cotton.- 3 Summary and Prospects.- References and Further Reading.- I.2 Establishment of Callus Culture, Somatic Embryogenesis, and the Regeneration of Cotton Plants.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Establishment of Callus.- 3 Differentiation of Callus, Somatic Embryogenesis, and Plant Regeneration.- 4 Transfer of Plants to the Field.- 5 Summary.- References.- I.3 Regeneration of Plants from Cotton Protoplasts.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Isolation of Protoplasts.- 3 Culture of Protoplasts.- 4 Regeneration of Plants.- 5 Summary.- 6 Protocol.- References.- I.4 Micropropagation and the Conservation of Germplasm of Cotton.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Micropropagation.- 3 In Vitro Storage/Conservation of Germplasm.- 4 Summary.- References.- Section II Interspecific Hybridization, Embryo/Ovule Culture; In Vitro Fertilization; RAPD; Heterosis.- II.1 Interspecific Hybridization in Cotton Through Embryo Rescue and Culture.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Interspecific Hybridization Through Embryo Rescue Methods.- 3 Summary.- References.- II.2 In Vitro Fertilization in Cotton.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Methodology.- 3 Results and Discussion.- 4 Summary and Conclusion.- References.- II.3 In Vitro Culture of Cotton Ovules.- 1 Introduction — Early Studies.- 2 Applications of the Cotton Ovule Culture System.- 3 Summary and Conclusions.- References.- II.4 Use of Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Markers to Assist Wide Hybridization in Cotton.- 1 Interest of RAPD Markers to Assist Interspecific Breeding Programs.- 2 Material and Method.- 3 Results and Discussion.- 4 Conclusion and Prospects.- References.- II.5 Heterosis in Cotton.- 1 Introduction.- 2 General Considerations.- 3 Intraspecific G. hirsutum Heterosis.- 4 Intraspecific G. barbadense Heterosis.- 5 Interspecific G. hirsutum × G. barbadense Heterosis.- 6 Combining Ability and Gene Action.- 7 Effects of Inbreeding.- 8 Utilization of Heterosis in Cotton.- 9 Concluding Remarks.- References.- Section III Anther/Pollen Culture; Parthenogenesis and Haploid Breeding.- III.1 Anther Culture Studies and Pollen Embryogenesis in Cotton.- 1 Introduction.- 2 In Vitro Culture of Anthers.- 3 Pollen Embryogenesis in Cultured Anthers.- 4 Summary and Conclusion.- References.- III.2 In Vitro Culture of Isolated Pollen of Cotton.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Isolation and Culture Studies.- 3 Summary.- References.- III.3 Parthenogenesis and Haploid Breeding in Gossypium hirsutum.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Induced Parthenogenesis.- 3 Morphological Characters of the Parthenogenetic Lines.- 4 Cytology of Parthenogenetic Lines.- 5 The Problem of Further Study of the Progeny of Parthenogenetic Plants.- 6 Summary.- References.- Section IV Somaclonal Variation/Genetic Variability; Plants Tolerant to Salt and Water Stress, High Temperature, and Nematodes (for plants resistant to insects and herbicides see Chaps. V.2,3 this Volume).- IV.1 Somaclonal Variation in Cotton.- 1 Introduction.- 2 In Vitro-Induced Genetic Variability.- 3 Summary and Conclusion.- References.- IV.2 Salt and Water Stress-Tolerant Cotton.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Salt Stress.- 3 Drought Stress.- 4 Summary and Future Outlook.- References.- IV.3 In Vitro Regeneration of High Temperature-Resistant Cotton Plants.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Methodology.- 3 Results and Discussion.- 4 Summary.- References.- IV.4 Nematode Resistance in Cotton.- 1 General Account.- 2 Origins of Genetic Resistance to Root-Knot Nematodes in Cotton.- 3 Progress Toward Elucidating the Nature and Action of Cotton Root-Knot Nematode Resistance.- 4 Summary.- References.- Section V Genetic Transformation; Transgenic Cotton Resistant to Insects and Herbicides; Field Trials; Risk Assessment Studies; Gentic Engineering of Fiber.- V.I Genetic Transformation of Cotton Through Particle Bombardment.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Particle Bombardment.- 3 Progress in Genetically Transformed Cotton.- 4 Summary.- 5 Experimental Protocol.- References.- V.2 Insect-Resistant Transgenic Cotton.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Genes for Antiinsect Activities.- 3 Tissue-Specific Expression.- 4 Blending Biopesticides with Plant Breeding.- 5 Conclusion.- References.- V.3 Transgenic Cotton Resistant to the Herbicide 2,4-D.- 1 Introduction.- 2 2,4-D Monooxygenase (tfdA) Gene from Alcaligenes eutrophus Plasmid pJP5.- 3 Transgenic Plants.- 4 Conclusion and Prospects.- References.- V.4 Effect of Transgenic Cotton Expressing the Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki Endotoxin on Soil Microorganisms - Risk Assessment Studies.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Experimental Studies.- 3 Results.- 4 Discussion.- 5 Conclusion.- References.- V.5 Genetic Engineering of Cotton Fiber.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Fiber Development.- 3 Critical Tasks in Fiber Modifications.- 4 Fiber Modification Strategies.- 5 Evaluation of Genes from Other Sources: Bioplastic Synthesis.- 6 Conclusions.- 7 Experimental Protocols.- References.- Section VI Secondary Metabolites — Gossypol and Tannins.- VI.1 Gossypol — A Unique Biologically Active Compound from the Cotton Plant.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Isolation and Elucidation of Structure of Gossypol.- 3 Biosynthesis, Occurrence, and Function.- 4 Significance of Gossypol.- 5 Recent Studies on Gossypol.- 6 Conclusion.- References.- VI.2 Tannins in Cotton.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Chemistry of Tannins.- 3 Tannins as Host Plant Resistance Mechanisms in Cotton.- 4 Variation in Tannin Content.- 5 Interaction of Tannins and Phenolic Acids.- 6 Human Health Aspects of Tannins.- 7 Summary, and Future of Tannins.- References.

Blurb

Cotton is a multipurpose crop and produces lint, the most important source of fiber used in the textile industry, oil, seed meal, and hulls.
Twenty-three chapters on various aspects of in vitro manipulation and other biotechnological approaches to the improvement of cotton are arranged in six sections: I Biotechnology for the Improvement of Cotton; Establishment of Callus Culture and Somatic Embryogenesis; Protoplast Culture, Micropropagation, and the Conservation of Germplasm
II Interspecific Hybridization, Embryo/Ovule Culture; In Vitro Fertilization; RAPD, Heterosis
III Anther/Pollen Culture; Parthenogenesis and Haploid Breeding
IV Somaclonal Variation; Genetic Variability for Plants Tolerant to Salt, High Temperature, Nematodes
V Genetic Transformation; Transgenic Cotton Plants Resistant to Insects, Herbicides; Field Trials; Risk Assessment Studies; Engineering of Fiber
VI Secondary Metabolites - Gossypol and Tannins Special emphasis is placed on interspecific hybridization, somaclonal variation, transgenic cotton resistant to insects and herbicides, and re-engineering of fiber. This book is of special interest to advanced students, teachers, and research workers in the field of cotton breeding, genetics, tissue culture, molecular biology, and plant biotechnology in general.