Coronaviruses: Molecular Biology and Virus-Host Interactions

ISBN-13: 9781461363057 / Angielski / Miękka / 2013 / 478 str.

Hubert Laude; Jean-Francois Vautherot

Opis

Coronaviruses represent a major group of viruses of both molecular biological interest and clinical significance in animals and humans. During the past two decades, coronavirus research has been an expanding field and, since 1980, an international symposium was held every 3 years. We organized the yth symposium for providing an opportunity to assess important progresses made since the last symposium in Cambridge (U. K. ) and to suggest areas for future investigations. The symposium, held in September 1992, in Chantilly, France, was attended by 120 participants representing the majOlity of the laboratories engaged in the field. The present volume collects 75 papers which were presented during the yth symposium, thus providing a comprehensive view of the state of the art ofCoronavirology. The book is divided into 7 chapters. The first chapters gather reports dealing with genome organization, gene expression and structure-function relationships of the viral polypeptides. New sequence data about as yet poorly studied coronaviruses - canine coronavirus CCY and porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus PEDY - are presented. Increasing efforts appear to be devoted to the characterization of products of unknown function, encoded by various open reading frames present in the coronavirus genomes or delived from the processing of the large polymerase polyprotein. Due to the extreme size of their genome, the genetic engineering ofcoronavi'uses through the production of full length cDNA clones is presently viewed as an unachievahle task.

Spis treści

1-Coronavirus Genes: Comparative Aspects.- Sequence Analysis of CCV and its Relationship to FIPV, TGEV and PRCV.- Genomic Organization and Expression of the 3’ End of the Canine and Feline Enteric Coronaviruses.- Cloning and Sequence Analysis of the Spike Gene from Several Feline Coronaviruses.- Genomic Organisation of a Virulent Taiwanese Strain of Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus.- The Use of PCR Genome Mapping for the Characterisation of TGEV Strains.- Evolution and Tropism of Transmissible Gastroenteritis Coronavirus.- Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus and Porcine Respiratory Coronavirus: Molecular Characterization of the S Gene Using cDNA Probes and Nucleotide Sequence Analysis.- Sequence Analysis of the Nucleocapsid Protein Gene of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhoea Virus.- Genome Organization of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhoea Virus.- Characterization of the Nonstructural and Spike Proteins of the Human Respiratory Coronavirus OC43: Comparison with Bovine Enteric Coronavirus.- Identification, Expression in E. coli and Insect Cells of the Non-Structural Protein NS2 Encoded by mRNA2 of Bovine Coronavirus (BCV).- Characterization of the Human Coronavirus 229E (HCV 229E) Gene 1.- Identification of Coronaviral Conserved Sequences and Application to Viral Genome Amplification.- 2-Transcription, Replication and Genome Engineering.- Studies into the Mechanism for MHV Transcription.- Analysis of the Cis-Acting Elements of Coronavirus Transcription.- Control of TGEV mRNA Transcription.- An Intraleader Open Reading Frame is Selected from a Hypervariable 5’ Terminus During Persistent Infection by the Bovine Coronavirus.- Effects of Mouse Hepatitis Virus Infection on Host Cell Metabolism.- The Effect of Amantadine on Mouse Hepatitis Virus Replication.- Analysis of Messenger RNA within Virions of IBV.- Inhibition of Mouse Hepatitis Virus Multiplication by Antisense Oligonucleotide, Antisense RNA, Sense RNA and Ribozyme.- Site-Specific Sequence Repair of Coronavirus Defective Interfering RNA by RNA Recombination and Edited RNA.- Site-Directed Mutagenesis of the Genome of Mouse Hepatitis Virus by Targeted RNA Recombination.- Homologous RNA Recombination Allows Efficient Introduction of Site-Specific Mutations into the Genome of Coronavirus MHV-A59 via Synthetic Co-Replicating RNAs.- 3-Characterization and Functions of Viral Proteins.- Identification of Peplomer Cleavage Site Mutations Arising During Persistence of MHV-A59.- Proteolytic Cleavage of the Murine Coronavirus Surface Glycoprotein is not Required for its Fusion Activity.- Fusogenic Properties of Uncleaved Spike Protein of Murine Coronavirus JHMV.- Characterization of a Monoclonal Antibody Resistant Variant of MHV.- Molecular Mimicry Between S Peplomer Proteins of Coronaviruses (MHV, BCV, TGEV and IBV) and Fc receptor.- Complex Formation Between the Spike Protein and the Membrane Protein During Mouse Hepatitis Virus Assembly.- Preliminary Characterization of a Monoclonal Antibody Specific for a Viral 27 kD Glycoprotein Family Synthesized in Porcine Epidemic Diarrheoa Virus Infected Cells.- Involvement of Lipids in Membrane Binding of Mouse Hepatitis Virus Nucleocapsid Protein.- A Novel Glycoprotein of Feline Infectious Peritonitis Coronavirus Contains a KDEL-Like Endoplasmic Reticulm Retention Signal.- Altered Proteolytic Processing of the Polymerase Polyprotein in RNA(-) Temperature Sensitive Mutants of Mucine Coronavirus.- A Newly Identified MHV-A59 ORF1a Polypeptide p65 is Temperature Sensitive in Two RNA Negative Mutants.- Proteolytic Processing of the N-Terminal Region of the Equine Arteritis Virus Replicase.- 4-Coronaviruses, Toroviruses and Arteriviruses: Common and Distinctive Features.- The Coronaviruslike Superfamily.- Equine Arteritis Virus (EAV) Contains a Unique Set of Four Structural Proteins.- The Coronaviridae now Comprises Two Genera, Coronavirus and Torovirus: Report of the Coronaviridae Study Group.- 5-Cellular Receptors for Coronaviruses.- Coronavirus Receptor Specificity.- Expression of the MHV-A59 Receptor Glycoproteins in Susceptible and Resistant Strains of Mice.- Mouse Hepatitis Virus Infection Utilizes More than One Receptor and Requires an Additional Cellular Factor.- Dissemination of MHV4 (Strain JHM) Infection Does not Require Specific Coronavirus Receptors.- Virus-Ligand Interactions of 0C43 Coronavirus with Cell Membranes.- Further Characterization of Aminopeptidase-N as a Receptor for Coronaviruses.- Recognition of N-Acetyl-9-0-Acetylneuraminic Acid by Bovine Coronavirus and Hemagglutinating Encephalomyelitis Virus.- N-Acetylneuraminic Acid Plays a Critical Role for the Haemagglutinating Activity of Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus and Porcine Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus.- 6-Pathogenesis: Mechanisms and Diversity.- Mouse Hepatitis Virus and Herpes Simplex Virus Move Along Different CNS Pathways.- MHV-JHM Infections of Rodent Neuronal Cells: Replication and Trafficking of Structural Proteins and of Progeny Virions.- Persistence of Viral RNA in the Central Nervous System of Mice Inoculated with MHV-4.- The Route of Transmission of Hemagglutinating Encephalomyelitis Virus (HEV) 67N Strain in 4-Week-Old Rats.- Neurotropism of Human Coronavirus 229E.- Coronavirus JHM OMP1 Pathogenesis in Owl Monkey CNS and Coronavirus Infection of Owl Monkey CNS via Peripheral Routes.- Coronaviruses and Multiple Sclerosis.- Enhancement of FIP in Cats Immunized with Vaccinia Virus Recombinants Expressing CCV and TGEV Spike Glycoproteins.- Electrocardiographic Changes Following Rabbit Coronavirus-Induced Myocarditis and Dilated Cardiomyopathy.- Role of Host Age and Genotype in Murine Enterotropic Coronavirus Infection.- Role of Macrophage Procoagulant Activity in Mouse Hepatitis Virus (MHV) Infection: Studies Using T Cell MHV-3 Clones and Monoclonal Antibody 3D4.3.- Early Cellular Events in the Induction of Murine Hepatitis Virus (MHV-3) Induced Macrophage Procoagulant Activity (PCA).- Regulation of the Expression of Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and the Putative Adhesion Molecule Basigin on Murine Cerebral Endothelial Cells by MHV-4 (JHM).- Coronaviruses from Persistent Infected Cell Cultures and Brain Tissue: Molecular Analysis of the S Gene of an Avirulent Variant.- Characterization of IBV Variant Strain PL 84084 Isolated in France.- 7-Immune Response and Protection.- Recombinant Vaccinia Viruses which Express MHV-JHM Proteins: Protective Immune Response and the Influence of Vaccination on Coronavirus-Induced Encephalomyelitis.- Determination of the Cytotoxic T Cell Epitopes of Mouse Hepatitis Virus, Using Elution of Viral Peptides from Class I MHC Molecules as an Approach.- Coronavirus-Induced Encephalomyelitis: an Immunodominant CD4+ - T Cell Site on the Nucleocapsid Protein Contributes to Protection.- IHM Virus-Specific Cytotoxic T Cells Derived from the Central Nervous System.- On the Role of Different Lymphocyte Subpopulations in the Course of Coronavirus MHV IV (JHM)-Induced Encephalitis in Lewis Rats.- Functional Characterization of CD8+ Lymphocytes During Coronavirus MHV IV Induced Encephalitides in Rats.- Phenotypic and Functional Characterization of CD4+ T-Cells Infiltrating the Central Nervous System of Rats Infected with Coronavirus MHV IV.- Cytokine Induction in vitro in Mouse Brain Endothelial Cells and Astrocytes by Exposure to Mouse Hepatitis Virus (MHV IV, JHM).- Structural Proteins of Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus: Role in Immunity and Protection.- Induction of an Immune Response to Transmissible Gastroenteritis Coronavirus Using Vectors with Enteric Tropism.- An Overview of Successful TGEV Vaccination Strategies and Discussion on the Interrelationship Between TGEV and PRCV.- Construction of a Recombinant Adenovirus for the Expression of the Glycoprotein S Antigen of Porcine Respiratory Coronavirus.- Establishment of MHV-A59 S Protein Specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Clones.- Participants Photo.