Coral Health and Disease

ISBN-13: 9783540207726 / Angielski / Twarda / 2004 / 488 str.

Yossi Loya; Eugene Rosenberg

Opis

Coral reefs are the most spectacular and diverse ecosystems in the marine environment. Over the last decades, however, dramatic declines of coral reef communities have been observed. Corals are endangered due to natural and anthropogenic detrimental factors, such as global warming and environmental pollution. Based on an international meeting on "Coral Health and Disease" in Eilat, Israel in April 2003, the book starts with case studies of reefs, e.g. the Red Sea, Caribbean, Japan, Indian Ocean and the Great Barrier Reef. The second part on microbial ecology and physiology describes the symbiotic relations of corals and microbes, and the microbial role in nutrition or bleaching resistance of corals. Particular coral diseases such as aspergillosis, white pox, black and white band diseases are treated in the third part. Finally, various hypotheses of the mechanisms of coral bleaching, including a projection of the future of coral reefs, are discussed.

Spis treści

Part I Regional aspects of coral reef health and disease 1 The coral reefs of Eilat, Red Sea: past, present and future - three decades of coral community structure studies Yossi Loya 2 Coral Reef Diseases in the Wider Caribbean Ernesto Weil 3 Coral disease on the Great Barrier Reef Bette L. Willis, Cathie A. Page, and Elizabeth A. Dinsdale 4 Coral Diseases in Gulf of México Reefs Eric Jordan-Dahlgren and Rosa E. Rodriguez-Martinez 5 Coral Bleaching: Signs of Change in Southern Japan Rob van Woesik, Akiyuki Irikawa, and Yossi Loya 6 Coral bleaching in a temperate sea: from colony physiology to population ecology Maoz Fine and Yossi Loya 7 Coral bleaching, diseases and mortality in the western Indian Ocean Tim McClanahan Part II Microbial ecology and physiology of corals 8 Symbiont diversity on coral reefs and its relationship to bleaching resistance and resilience Andrew C. Baker 9 Stress effects on metabolism and photosynthesis of hermatypic corals Noga Stambler and Zvy Dubinsky 10 What can regeneration tell us about coral disease? Esti Kramarsky-Winter 11 Bacteria as a source of coral nutrition Ariel Kushmaro and Esti Kramarsky-Winter 12 Antimicrobial activity of sponges and corals Dovi Kelman 13 Microbial communities of coral surface mucopolysaccharide layers Kim B. Ritchie and Garriet W. Smith 14 Culture-independent analyses of coral-associated microbes Forrest Rohwer and Scott Kelly Part III Coral diseases 15 Aspergillosis of Gorgonians Garriet W. Smith and Ernesto Weil 16 White pox disease of the Caribbean elkhorn coral, Acropora palmata Kathryn Patterson Sutherland and Kim B. Ritchie 17 Temperature-regulated bleaching and tissue lysis of Pocillopora damicornis by the novel pathogen Vibriocoralliilyticus Yael Ben-Haim Rozenblat and Eugene Rosenberg 18 Black Band Disease Laurie L. Richardson 19 Dark spots disease and yellow band disease, two poorly known coral diseases with high incidence in Cabibbean reefs Diego L. Gil-Agudelo, Garriet W. Smith, Jaime Garzon-Ferreira, and Ernesto Weil, Dirk Petersen 20 White plague, white band and other 'white' diseases John Bythell, Olga Pantos, and Laurie Richardson 21 Monitoring the health of coral reef ecosystems using community metabolism Jack Silverman, Boaz Lazar, and Jonathan Erez 22 Coral resistance to disease Kerri M. Mullen, Ester C. Peters, and C. Drew Harvell Part IV Coral bleaching 23 Temperature stress and coral bleaching Paul J. Jokiel 24 The adaptive hypothesis of bleaching Robert W. Buddemeier, Andrew C. Baker, Daphne C. Fautin, and J. Rebeca Jacobs 25 The bacterial disease hypothesis of coral bleaching Eugene Rosenberg 26 Coral reefs and projections of future change Ove Hoegh-Guldberg Subject Index

Blurb

Coral reefs constitute the most spectacular and diverse ecosystems in the marine environment. They form reservoirs of the highest biological diversity, including genetic resources and bio-active compounds. Unfortunately, coral reefs are also among the most heavily degraded marine ecosystems. Over the last two decades, coral reef communities have been experiencing increasingly stressful conditions due to a combination of natural and anthropogenic detrimental factors. Coral diseases are among the most recent in a series of threats (e.g. coral bleaching, over exploitation of fish stocks, destructive fishing practices and coastal developments) that is challenging the resilience of coral reef communities.

During an international meeting on coral diseases held in Eilat, Israel, in 2003, leading scientists presented reviews and recent results of laboratory research and in situ observations in order to assess the status of coral health and to understand the disease mechanisms.

The most relevant papers are now presented in Coral Health and Disease. The book starts with several case studies of reefs, which strongly differ regionally, e.g. the Red Sea, Caribbean, Mediterranean, Gulf of Mexico, Japan, western Indian Ocean and the Great Barrier Reef. The second part on microbial ecology and physiology contains contributions describing the symbiotic relations of corals and microbes, the microbial role in nutrition and bleaching resistance and the antibacterial activities of corals. Particular coral diseases, such as aspergillosis, white pox, black, yellow and white band diseases are treated in the third part. Finally, different hypotheses of the mechanisms of coral bleaching, including a projection of the future of coral reefs, are discussed.