Copper in Animal Wastes and Sewage Sludge: Proceedings of the EEC Workshop Organised by the Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (Inra), Stat

ISBN-13: 9789400985056 / Angielski / Miękka / 2011 / 392 str.

P. L'Hermite; J. Dehandtschutter

Opis

This publication constitutes the Proceedings of a Workshop held in Bordeaux (France) on 8th - 10th October, 1980, under the auspices of the Commissior: of the European Communities, as part of the CEC research programme on 'Effluents from Livestock' and the Concerted Action COST 68 bis 'Treatment and Use of Sewage Sludge'. Major changes have taken place in livestock production techniques in recent years. One of the most important developments has been in the field of animal nutrition. Animals are fed to gain maximum liveweight in close relationship with market requirements for carcass and meat quality. With regard to pig production, dietary formulation is based on scientific principles and feed includes a large variety of ingredients to supply optimum feed rations for 'standardised' animals. In order to increase growth rate and to improve feed conversion, copper is added to the ratio~s of fattening pigs in a number of countries, in accordance with the provisions of Council Directives concerning additives in feedingstuffs, as last amended by the 23rd Commission Directive of 4th July 1980.

Spis treści

Session I: Animal Nutrition and Physiology.- Twenty five years of Widespread use of Copper as an Additive to Diets of Growing Pigs.- Past and Present Situation in Relation to the use of Feed Additives in Diets for Piglets; Consequences of Utilisation of Copper.- Discussion.- Danish Experiments with Copper for Bacon Pigs.- Discussion.- Physiological Aspects of Copper in Pig Diets.- Discussion.- The Effect of Copper on some Physiological and Bacteriological Characteristics in Different parts of the Gastro-Intestinal Tract of Growing Pigs.- Discussion.- General Discussion.- Session II: Agronomy - a) Soil Plant Relationships.- Behaviour of Copper in Soils: Adsorption and Complexation Reactions.- Discussion.- The Application of Copper in Sewage Sludge and Pig Manure to Agricultural Land in England and Wales.- Copper Toxicity to Whom it May Concern: Crops Resulting from Land Application of Sewage Sludge.- Discussion.- Copper Toxicity in Viticultural Soils.- Discussion.- Implications of Applying Copper-Rich Pig Slurry to Grassland - Effects on Plants and Soils.- Copper Accumulation in Brittany Soils Through Enriched Pig Slurry; Phytotoxic Risks.- A Contribution to the Establishment of safe Copper Levels in Soil.- Copper and its Utilisation In Danish Agriculture.- General Discussion.- Copper in Sludge - are the Toxic Effects of Copper and other Heavy Metals Additive?.- Discussion.- Copper Uptake from Soil Treated with Sewage Sludge and its Implications for Plant and Animal Health.- Discussion.- Session II: Agronomy - b) Plant/Animal Relationships.- Effects of the Disposal of Copper-Rich Slurry on the health of Grazing Animals.- Discussion.- Copper Toxicity in Sheep.- Discussion.- Implications of Applying Copper Rich Pig Slurry to Grassland - Effects on the health of Grazing sheep.- Discussion.- Effect of Copper Supplied in the form of Different Cu-Saturated Sludge Samples and Copper Salts on the Cu-Concentration and Dry Matter Yield of Corn Grown in Sand.- Discussion.- General Discussion.- Session III: Effects on the Consumer of Meat from Animals Fed Dietary Copper.- The Effect on Human Copper Status of the Consumption of Edible Tissues from Animals Fed Cu-Rich Diets.- Session IV: Industrial Problems.- Copper as a Growth Promoter.- Copper in Feedingstuffs: Political and Legislative Situation in the Community.- Discussion.- Final Session.- Telegram.- Conclusion and Recommendations.- List of Participants.