Cooperativity Theory in Biochemistry: Steady-State and Equilibrium Systems

ISBN-13: 9781461295556 / Angielski / Miękka / 2011 / 460 str.

T. L. Hill

Opis

During the past few decades we have witnessed an era of remarkable growth in the field of molecular biology. In 1950 very little was known of the chemical constitution of biological systems, the manner in which information was trans- mitted from one organism to another, or the extent to which the chemical basis of life is unified. The picture today is dramatically different. We have an almost bewildering variety of information detailing many different aspects of life at the molecular level. These great advances have brought with them some breath-taking insights into the molecular mechanisms used by nature for rep- licating, distributing and modifying biological information. We have learned a great deal about the chemical and physical nature of the macromolecular nucleic acids and proteins, and the manner in which carbohydrates, lipids and smaller molecules work together to provide the molecular setting of living sys- tems. It might be said that these few decades have replaced a near vacuum of information with a very large surplus. It is in the context of this flood of information that this series of monographs on molecular biology has been organized. The idea is to bring together in one place, between the covers of one book, a concise assessment of the state of the subject in a well-defined field. This will enable the reader to get a sense of historical perspective-what is known about the field today-and a description of the frontiers of research where our knowledge is increasing steadily.

Spis treści

I. Systems without Explicit Interactive Cooperativity.- 1. Preliminary Background Material.- 1. Canonical and Grand Partition Functions.- 2. Effective Partition Functions for Solute Molecules in a Solvent.- 3. The Equilibrium Constant for Binding.- 4. Rate Constants for Binding and Escape.- 5. Perturbation of Rate Constants.- 2. Simple Equilibrium Binding.- 6. Binding of a Ligand on Independent Equivalent Sites.- 7. Two Variations on Simple Binding.- 3. Introduction to Steady-State Systems.- 8. Illustrative Steady-State Systems.- 9. Two-State Steady-State System.- 10. Three-State Steady-State System.- 4. Equilibrium Systems without Explicit Interactions.- 11. Single Conformation Binding Models.- 12. Two Conformations Modulated by Length-Tension and Ligand Binding.- 13. Two Conformations Modulated by an Electric Field and Ligand Binding.- 14. Multisubunits with Two Conformations and Ligand Binding.- 15. Systems with Symmetrical Binding Isotherms.- 5. Steady-State Systems without Explicit Interactions.- 16. Perturbations of a Single Enzyme Molecule.- 17. One-Conformation Complexes with Strong Interactions: Missing States.- 18. One-Conformation Complexes with Strong Interactions: Missing Transitions.- 19. Two-Conformation Complexes with Strong Interactions.- 20. Functional Interactions between Subunits.- 21. Coupled Enzyme Systems in a Vesicular Membrane.- II. Small Systems or Complexes with Explicit Interactive Cooperativity.- 6. Equilibrium Small Systems with Explicit Interactions.- 22. Simple Equilibrium Binding, with Interactions, on a Group of Sites.- 23. More General Models for Binding on Subunits or Sites.- 24. Binding on Subunits with Two Conformations.- 25. Binding of Two Ligands with Induced Conformational Changes.- 26. Rate Constant Perturbations in Equilibrium Systems.- 7. Steady-State Small Systems with Explicit Interactions.- 27. Simple Membrane Transport Models with Interactions.- 28. Simple Complexes with Direct Transfer of Small Molecules.- 29. Complexes with Two One-Conformation Subunits.- 30. Interactions that Affect Rate Constants but Not Equilibrium Constants..- 31. Dimers with Two-Conformation Subunits.- 32. Two Simple Trimeric Enzyme Complexes.- 33. Calcium-ATPase as an Example.- II. One- or Two-Dimensional Lattices of Units with Explicit Interactive Cooperativity.- 8. One-Dimensional Lattices of Interacting Units at Equilibrium.- 34. The Matrix Method in One-Dimensional Equilibrium Problems.- 35. Several One- Dimensional Binding Problems.- 36. Cooperativity in the Tropomyosin-Actin-Myosin (SI) System.- 9. One-Dimensional Array of Interacting Two-State Units at Steady State.- 37. One-Dimensional Lattice in a Quasiequilibrium Steady State.- 38. The Exact Linear Flux-Force Coefficient.- 39. Simple Model for Regulation of Muscle Contraction by Calcium.- 10. Monte Carlo Study of Equilibrium and Steady-State Two-Dimensional Lattices.- 40. The Model and the Monte Carlo Method.- 41. Reference Monte Carlo Calculations at Equilibrium.- 42. Steady-State Monte Carlo Calculations at F = 4 andF = ?.- 43. Steady-State Calculations at F = ? with Other Choices of f? andf?.- 44. Steady-State Monte Carlo Calculations with f? = f? = -1/2.- 45. Steady-State One-Dimensional System with F = ?,f?= 1, f?= 1/2.- 46. Monte Carlo Treatment of a One-Way Three-State Enzyme Lattice.- 11. The Bragg-Williams or Mean-Field Approximation in Steady-State Systems.- 47. Introduction to the Steady-State BW Approximation.- 48. Maxwell Equal-Area Theorem for Two-State Cycles.- 49. Location of a Phase Transition for BW Systems with Three-State Cycles.- 50. Steady-State Phase Transitions Among Biochemical Cycles.