Contaminated Soil'93: Fourth International Kfk/Tno Conference on Contaminated Soil 3-7 May 1993, Berlin, Germany

ISBN-13: 9789401048927 / Angielski / Miękka / 2012 / 1004 str.

F. Arendt (The Research Center Karlsruhe;G.J. Annokkee (Netherlands Organization;R. Bosman (Netherlands Organization for

Opis

This set of two volumes is the result of the Fourth International KfK/TNO Conference on Contaminated Soil (Berlin, Germany, May 3--7, 1993) and contains over 300 contributions from about 20 countries. Contributions are centered around the following themes: * Strategies and policies; legal, economic and social aspects; * Risks; * Management; * State of the art of applied remediating technologies (case studies, experiences, and evaluation); * Research and development, emerging technologies; * Prevention of soil contamination; * Workshops. The work is complemented by a keyword index.

Spis treści

1 Strategies And Policies; Legal, Economic and Social Aspects.- 1.1 International, national and regional programmes.- Japan’s policies on soil environment protection - history and present status.- United States/German bilateral agreement on hazardous waste site clean-up projects.- Large scale voluntary soil clean-up operation for contaminated industrial sites in the Netherlands now on its way.- Priority setting in the administration of the Danish Act on contaminated sites.- Guidance for construction on contaminated sites.- 1.2 Leaal, economic and social aspects.- Legal regulations on soil conservation and rehabilitation of contaminated sites in the Federal Republic of Germany.- Establishment and further development of legal regulations concerning contaminated sites.- Property value and remedial action: the Danish approach.- Practicable ways out of the normative, financial, organisational and personel deficits in the mastering of contaminated soils in the Federal Republic of Germany.- Local management of contaminated sites - an extensive strategy for standard practice.- Experiences and results of national and international standardization of soil investigation methodology.- Reducing inconveniences for residents during remedial actions.- KOSAL - Cost of Remedial Action.- 1.3 Short communications.- Creations of jobs by remediation in eastern Germany.- Decontamination responsabilities of local authorities in New South Wales, Australia.- Technical standards for the management of contaminated sites.- Management of soil remediation and treatment techniques.- On the path to sustainability: the Rotterdam municipal port management policy on contaminated sites/soils.- Jeopardising the credibility of political and economic decisions through the use of incorrect data as typified by the carbon dioxide controversy.- The problems involved in the investigation of contamination by old waste deposits for the instigation of criminal proceedings.- Assessment of soil contamination: general criteria and site-specific modifications.- Demolition concepts for former industrial sites: break-off strategy on the example of a former foundry facility.- Contaminated sites and land use after remediation.- Economic strategies for avoiding waste and abatement of prior damages in Russia.- Evolution and transfer of environmental know-how.- Contaminated soil as reflected in public planning and building laws.- Education and training in the field of contaminated sites: a project of the EC-Cornett-Program (Cb-Project).- Conflicts around construction projects on slightly contaminated subsoil in Hamburg.- Japan’s environmental quality standards for soil.- 2 Risks.- 2.1 Sources and behaviour of contaminants.- Attenuation of organic pollutants in redox zones of landfill leachate plumes.- Carrier influenced transport of pollutants in porous media: mathematical modeling.- Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) from atmospheric deposition in forest soils of the Ruhr area Germany.- Determination of pollutant release rates from contaminated aquifer materials.- Total amount of production as an influential factor for environmental distribution of chemicals - a case study in Japan -.- Heterogeneity and contaminant transport modeling for the Savannah river integrated demonstration site.- Applicability of simulation models for the risk assessment of landfills in protected potable water areas.- Sorption behaviour of chlorinated pollutants on soil in aqueous systems containing oil.- Natural production of chlorinated organic compounds in soil.- Non-linear and delayed responses of toxic chemicals in the environment.- The behaviour of heavy metals in tailings deposits and soils around old metalliferous mines.- Experimental determinatioin of organic vapour fluxes from coal tar polluted soil.- Dissolution of heterogeneously distributed solvent residuals a field experiment.- Bio-geochemical investigations for the assessment of long-term stability of mineral sealings in waste disposal sites.- Emissions from older household waste landfills with artificial underlying sealing. Comparison of four landfill sites in Northern German lowland.- Determination of the permeability in base liners of land-fills: simualtion with modified triaxial tests - first results.- Investigation of contaminant plumes: Münchehagen Landfill.- 2.2 Effects of contaminants.- Methodology for the derivation of toxicologically based soil pollutant levels.- Open problems in the derivation of soil quality criteria from ecotoxicity experiments.- Environmental medical and toxicological assessment of soil contamination.- Adsorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by soil particles: influence on biodegradability and potential risk of contaminated sites.- Investigation of the influence of a heavy metal contaminated region on plants animals and humans on example of the nickel plant St. Egidien Saxony.- 2.3 Risk assessment.- Risk assessment of contaminated soil: Proposals for adjusted toxicologically based Dutch soil clean-up criteria.- Soil guideline values in the UK: New risk-based approach.- Do target values help to protect the soil?.- Guide levels for the decontamination of polluted water and soil.- Bioassays to access treated (remediated) sediments.- Use of Ecotoxicological methods for evaluating risks caused by contaminated soils.- Concept of integrated evaluation of contaminated sites and basis of soil/groundwater contamination paths in the state of Saxony.- The API decision support framework: Software for risk assessment at USTS sites.- Contaminated landfill sites in the canton of Berne Switzerland - a risk assessment model.- 2.4 Safety of workers.- Liability and accountability in health and safety - practical examples from remediation of hazardous waste disposal sites -.- Occupational safety at landfill sites – hazards and pollution due to landfill gas.- Assessment of dangers and on-the-job safety from the chemical-toxicological point of view.- Directives for working in contaminated areas - improving work and health safety.- 2.5 Short communications.- Substrate value of landfill leachate polluted groundwater for microbial degradation under different redox conditions.- Geochemistry of groundwater in the Eocenean Aquifer of Alonim Shefara’m in the period 1959-1977.- A guide to safe working practices for contaminated sites.- Evaluation of contaminated soil - pragmatic handling with guide threshold and trigger values.- Human exposure to contaminated soil: a model (CSOIL) used for assessment of human-toxicological intervention values for soil clean-up.- Cation migration in groundwater: a field experiment.- Degradation of mineral oil hydrocarbons in a bioreactor.- Microbiological examinations in soils from pilot tests for the restoration of a former metallurgical site.- 3D/2D modeling of groundwater flow and contaminant processes - the simulation system FEFLOW coupled with GIS ARC/INFO.- An internally consistent and critically reviewed thermodynamic database for geochemical modelling.- Soil/solution distribution equilibria of lindane at different soil/water ratios and under non-saturated conditions.- Groundwater pollution from dredged material disposal: retardation of pollutants in natural barriers.- Groundwater model study for the assessment of efficiency and long term effects of different safety measures for the major dump at Vorketzin.- Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in forest soils I: contents and dynamic in podzols.- Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in forest soils II: concentrations in soil solution.- Solubility of cadmium in polluted soil.- Chemical and microbiological determinations during an on-site decontamination for a PAH-contaminated site.- Design and performance of vertical barriers to pollution migration.- Gas chromatographic characterization of oil spills.- The long-term behaviour of municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ash in monofills: a potential problem?.- Characterization of an old landfill as a source for groundwater pollution.- Carrier-influenced transport of pollutants in porous media: experimental assessment.- Modelling of heavy metal adsorption on the site of the Eliweiler uranium mill.- Investigation of source and distribution of hydrocarbon contaminations in the subsurface of a former coal mine in the northern area of the Ruhrgebiet.- Influence of multiple nonequilibrium sources on pesticide transport in soils.- Delayed effects of chemicals in soils and sediments: “chemical time bombs”.- Risk assessment for an inhabited disused landfill in Wuppertal-Varresbeck Federal Republic of Germany.- Hydrocarbon degradation in aerated soil fixed bed reactors: effect of homogenization.- In situ measurement of organic pollutant degradation in a leachate plume.- Risk Assessment: Combining exposure models and statistics.- Evaluation of abandoned waste sites by regional evaluation commissions.- Determination of halogenated hydrocarbon contaminations and complex judgment of its danger potential.- Distribution and behaviour of heavy metals in soils following different clean-up procedures.- Diffusion of trichloroethylene in a natural clay:a field experiment.- Aqueous solubility of coal-tar constituents under equilibrium conditions.- Effect of a non-singular adsorption assumption on the simulation of herbicide leaching in the water-unsaturated zone of soils.- Horizontal remediation wells by remote sensed drillings.- Origin and extension of propanthiol contamination.- Investigations to risk assessment due to arsenic and aluminum contamination of the subsoil in ground-water veins.- Dissolution and transport of coal-tar constituents and their impact on groundwater quality.- Transport of volatile organic chemicals in sand.- A framework for the assessment of the impact of contaminated land on groundwater and surface water.- Leaching and bioavailability of inorganic compounds in contaminated and cleaned soils.- Studies on the desiccation risk of cohesive soil liners for landfills due to thermally induced water movement.- Modelling of contaminant transport from an urban dump site.- Flowpaths of leachates into the groundwater and hydrogeological barriers.- Hazard Ranking Criteria for contaminated sites.- Soil/plant transfer of pollutants by cultivation of energy plants on waste water irrigated soils.- A strategy for disposal of dredged sludge.- 3 Management.- 3.1 Site investigation.- surveying and sançping strategies Sampling strategies and the role of geostatistics in the investigation of soil contamination.- Sampling strategy guidelines for contaminated land.- A site investigation strategy using moving window kriging and automated semivariogram modelling.- Problems of the investigation and restoration of abandoned contaminated areas in the chemical plants of the new federal states under the special aspect of the former lignite-based chemistry.- The use of in situ measurement techniques for soil pollution problems.- Investigations on the gas processes in industrial waste sites.- The use of bioassays for contaminated soil investigations.- On-site investigation of contaminated soil by GC-MS and EDXRF-techniques.- Developing a software tool to support investigation strategies to tackle problems in the field of contaminated sites.- Geotechnical investigations and considerations for the redevelopment of Bowman’s harbour and adjacent land.- Soil monitoring networks: suitable tools for policy evaluation.- How to estimate costs due to contaminated sites: a prognostic method to permit initial risk considerations for industrial enterprises and real estate in the East German Länder.- Examination of playgrounds and sport-fields in Northrhine-Westphalia concerning PCDD/F – containing copper slag methods and results.- PAH field analysis - A field method for the analysis of PAH in soil samples at a semi-quantitative level.- The application of geophysics to the exploration and controlling of waste dumps - case histories.- Execution of a risk assessment for the major dump at Vorketzin near Potsdam.- 3.2 Remedial action plans and organization.- System for evaluating alternative techniques for cleaning up contaminated sites in order to derive a remedial action concept.- Investigation and decontamination of soil and groundwater at former soviet army bases in Czechoslovakia.- The complexities of polluted site and derelict land reclamation - interregional cooperation of traditional european industrial regions.- Cleaning up and clearing a dioxine-contaminated metal smelting plant.- The research development demonstration testing and evaluation program of the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Technology Development.- Towards a spatially differentiated soil protection policy within urban areas.- An experimental site to improve soil and groundwater decontamination.- Evaluation of treatment technologies using U.S. methods for the remediation site Haynauer Strasse 58 Berlin within the framework of the bilateral German-American agreement.- The valuation of contaminated gasoline sites.- Radiological registration investigation and assessment of contaminated soil from past mining activities in the new German Federal States.- Assessment of remedial actions for contaminated sites.- Site clearance of the former dumping site Stade-Riensförde - Investigation of the dumping site.- Monitoring and evaluation for a low temperature thermal process that removes PCB’s from soil - planning and quality assurance -.- 3.3 Control and monitoring Control and Monitoring 845.- Results of the long-term monitoring of different types of covers on the Georgswerder landfill (Hamburg FRG).- Results and experience of radiological measurements supporting recovery - shown on an recovery object.- 3.4 Reuse of cleaned sites and/or soil.- Use of recycled soil for the regeneration of contaminated land.- Change of soil properties caused by thermal treatment in a rotary kiln at 1000°C.- Requirements for the re-utilization of treated soil and material excavated from building sites - practical experience gained through a municipal recycling concept.- 3.5 Short communications.- Experience from investigations of the former warfare-related contaminated site of Stadtallendorf/Hessia.- Sampling of natural and technical liners at the bottom of landfills and other contaminated sites - coring and sealing of the bore hole -.- Change of soilphysical values through oil-contamination.- Study of the necessity and urgence of remediation of the nature reserve “Friesche Veen”.- The fingerprint method - a practical tool in linking characterization and treatment of polluted soil and sediments.- Rapid determination of organic contaminations in soil by multilamp photoionization detection.- In-situ determination of chlorinated hydrocarbons in ground waters using a fiber optic evanescent wave sensor.- Isotope methods in environmental investigations.- Strategy for developing soil cleaning guidelines:“How clean is clean”.- Developing soil cleaning guidelines: application to sites in an agricultural area.- Securing of the hazardous waste site Münchehagen.- Quality assurance programme for screening measurements of radium-226 in the environment.- Methodical experiences in data analysis.- Assessing heavy-metal contamination in soil applying a bacterial biotest and x-ray fluorescent spectroscopy.- Requirements of radiation protection for site clearence in case of radioactive contaminated soils.- Minimising ground contamination during factory closure.- Redox buffering capacity of aquifer sediment.- Draft of regulations governing fees for the compilation of expertises without sampling on former hazardous deposits and former hazardous sites.- Conversion products of explosives during combustion - analysis for risk assessment studies of open-pit burning areas.- The assessment of the quality of measurements during the investigation of a contaminated site.- Biosensor for quantitative determination of phenols.- Development of soil microbial activities soil fauna and humic matter during remediation and recultivation of PAH-contaminated soil.- Development of a probe for in-situ monitoring of organics on potentially contaminated land.- Project management by the construction authorities Rheinland-Pfalz for the in-situ decontamination of large fuel contaminated areas.- Sanitation plan for a former gasworks site in Hamburg-Barmbek contaminated with cyanide by a valuation matrix for a selection process.- Decontamination of sewage fields by cultivation of different useful plants.- Considerations on the accuracy of sampling with regard to a waste dump.- Experiences in the remediation of ground water contaminated by petroleum hydrocarbons in the vicinity of a former refinery property.- Quality assurance of the isolation of a contaminated location.- Optimization of groundwater quality monitoring networks using SOLUTE.- Evaluation of different techniques to monitor bioluminescent microorganisms in soil or non-marine water samples.- The application of geophysical methods for the exploration of abandoned polluted areas.- Organic contaminants in coal wastewaters and associated sediments - their analytical determination and interactions with humic organic matter.- The project “Kop van Zuid” in Rotterdam.- Investigation of subsurface contaminations by hydrocarbons using CO- CH- and 02-measurements in soil gas.- Safety provisions at the technical examination of abandoned waste sites under the special regard of the risks caused by landfill gas.- The Hamburg utilization concept for excavated or treated soil residual materials and recycled building materials.- Advanced investigations on the warfare-related contaminated site Stadtallendorf.- Redevelopment of buildings in contaminated sites.- Exploration drillings below the hazardous waste site Münchehagen.- Using PROSA to estimate the urgency of cleaning up potentially contaminated areas.- Methods and strategies for optimising the treatment of contaminated soils and contaminated sites within the framework of physical and environmental planning.- The use of vegetation studies in monitoring the surface cover system of the waste disposal site Georgswerder (Hamburg Germany).- Hydrological monitoring of the surface covering system of the Hamburg-Georgswerder landfill.- Amperometric Biosensor for nitrate analysis.- Use of information systems for the avoidance of waste in communes and as basis for waste economy concepts.- First results on the effects of direct thermal treatment on soil organic matter and availability of heavy metals.- Problems and approaches related to the cleaning and safe storage of preparation residues from uranium ore mining in eastern Germany.- Site investigation after PCB ground contamination in a west-german city.- Addresses of first-named authors l.- Keywords l.