Consumers' Spatial Choice Behavior

ISBN-13: 9783790808520 / Angielski / Miękka / 1995 / 192 str.

A. Eymann; Angelika Eymann; J. Vosgerau

Opis

Migration, commuting, and tourism are prominent phenomena demonstrating the political and economic relevance of the spatial choice behavior of households. The identification of the determinants and effects of the households' location choice is necessary for both entrepreneurial and policy planners who attempt to predict (or regulate) the future demand for location-specific commodities, such as infrastructure, land, or housing, and the supply of labor. Microeconomic studies of the spatial behavior of individuals have typically focused upon the demand for a single, homogeneous, yet location-specific com 2 modity (such as land or housing ) or their supply of labor3 and investigated the formation of location-specific prices and wages in the presence of transportation and migration costs or analyzed the individual-and location-specific character istics triggering spatial rather than quantitative or temporal adjustments. In contrast to many theoretical analyses, empirical studies of the causes or con sequences of individual demand for location-specific commodities have often considered several "brands" of a heterogeneous good that are offered at various locations, are perfect substitutes, and may be produced by varying production 4 technologies. lCf. Alonso (1964) 2Cf. Muth (1969). 3Cf. Sjaastad (1962) and Greenwood (1975)."

Spis treści

1 Introduction.- 2 Microeconomic Essentials.- 2.1 The Standard Neoclassical Model.- 2.1.1 The Static Version.- 2.1.2 Intertemporal Utility Maximization.- 2.2 Household Production Models.- 2.2.1 Consumption Means Production.- 2.2.2 Consumption Means Investment.- 2.3 Are goods what are thought of as goods?.- 2.3.1 Heterogeneous Market Goods.- 2.3.2 New Consumer Theory.- 2.4 Zero Consumption.- 2.4.1 The Spatial Dimension of Goods.- 2.4.2 “Individual-Specific” Prices.- 2.4.3 The Role of Institutions.- 2.5 Households.- 3 Microeconometric Modeling.- 3.1 Discrete Choice Models.- 3.1.1 Assumptions Regarding the Individuals’ Preference Structure.- 3.1.2 Econometric Concepts.- 3.2 Alternative Model Specifications.- 3.2.1 The Multinomial Logit Model.- 3.2.2 Generalized Extreme Value Models.- 3.2.3 The Nested Multinomial Logit Model.- 3.2.4 The Extended Multinomial Logit Model.- 3.3 Judging the Quality of Model Specifications.- 3.3.1 Specification Tests.- 3.3.2 Goodness-of-Fit Indices.- 3.3.3 Quality of Prediction.- 3.4 Discrete-Continuous Choice Models.- 3.4.1 Divisible Goods.- 3.4.2 Modeling Individual Behavior.- 3.4.3 Distributional Assumptions.- 3.4.4 Estimation.- 3.5 The Generation of Choice Sets.- 3.5.1 Individual-Specific Choice Sets.- 3.5.2 Individual-Specific Prices and Availability Constraints.- 3.6 Spatial Choice Models.- 3.6.1 Individual Perception of Spatial Structures.- 3.6.2 Continuous Choice Models.- 3.6.3 Endogenous Segmentation.- 3.6.4 Aggregating Elemental Alternatives.- 3.6.5 Random Effects.- 3.7 Predicting Unobservable Prices.- 3.7.1 Unit Prices.- 3.7.2 Cost Indices for Aggregate Commodities.- 4 An Empirical Analysis of Tourism Demand.- 4.1 The Role of the Tourist Industry.- 4.1.1 Some General Remarks.- 4.1.2 What is Tourism?.- 4.2 Microeconomic Models of Tourists’ Behavior.- 4.2.1 A Survey.- 4.2.2 Outlines for an Extended Household Production Model of Tourism.- 4.3 The Choice Set of Tourists.- 4.3.1 In Search of Commodities Related to Vacation.- 4.3.2 Individual Perception of Location-Specific Goods.- 4.3.3 Determining the Price of Vacation.- 4.4 Microeconometric Models of Tourists’ Demand.- 4.4.1 Investigating German Tourists’ Behavior.- 4.4.2 Model Implementation.- 4.4.3 Choice Set Formation and Nesting Structure.- 4.4.4 Additional Constraints.- 4.5 Empirical Results.- 4.5.1 The Data.- 4.5.2 The Set of Individual-Specific Exogenous Variables.- 4.5.3 Constructing Alternative-Specific Price Variables.- 4.5.4 Alternative Model Specifications for the Discrete Choice Model.- 4.5.5 Correlation Structures within Choice Subsets.- 5 Concluding Remarks.- A Details to the Empirical Applications.- A.1 Data Sources.- A.2 Explanations to the Tables.