Confidentiality in Arbitration: The Case of Egypt

ISBN-13: 9783319391212 / Angielski / Twarda / 2016 / 222 str.

Mariam El-Awa

Opis

This book addresses the issue of privacy and confidentiality in the broader context of the Egyptian legal system. The volume opens with an overview of the major approaches to confidentiality adopted in various jurisdictions. It goes on to examine the duties of confidentiality and privacy in arbitration law and practice on the basis of interviews with 30 law professors and practitioners who often act as arbitrators or counsel for parties in arbitral disputes together with the relevant Egyptian arbitration law provisions. The book takes into account the relevant provisions in the arbitration laws of Syria, Saudia Arabia and Yemen. It moves on to explore the relation between arbitration and the judicial system, and the extent to which the former should borrow its rules from the latter with regard to publicity and the rule of public trial. Finally, this book looks at the right to privacy as (a) a constitutional right, as a potential basis for a legal duty of confidentiality in arbitration, and the duties stemming from this constitutional right in the various laws of Egypt, as well as (b) the constraints imposed on the right to privacy, in particular those stemming from the constitutional principles of freedom of speech and freedom of the press. The main conclusion is that confidentiality does indeed exist in arbitration. However, its legal basis is not the law on arbitration or the arbitration agreement. It is in fact a corollary of the fundamental right to privacy granted in the Egyptian legal system to both natural and legal persons.

Spis treści

Abstract 

Acknowledgements 

Table of Contents 

Introductory 

1. Background 

2. Research Objectives 

3. Arbitration and the Egyptian Legal System 

3.1. The Sources of Law in Egypt 

3.2. Arbitration in Egypt – Background 

3.3. Arbitration is an Exception 

3.4. National and International 

4. Confidentiality and Privacy in Arbitration 

4.1. Concepts and Definitions 

4.1.1. Confidentiality v. 

4.1.2. Confidentiality and Privacy as Legal 

4.2. Comparative Overview 

4.2.1. Jurisdictions Declining to Recognize a Duty of 

4.2.2. Jurisdictions Recognizing a duty of Confidentiality in 

4.2.3. In Investment Arbitration 

4.2.3.1. Amicus Submissions – Investment Arbitration 

4.2.3.2. Amicus Submissions – The 2006 Amendments of the ICSID Arbitration Rules 

4.2.3.3. A Call for Transparency 

4.2.3.4. UNCITRAL Rules on 

4.2.4. Confidentiality in Arbitration – The Arab 

5. Methodology and Outline 

Chapter One - Privacy and Confidentiality in Egyptian Arbitration – Law and Practice

1. Introduction 

2. Confidentiality v. Privacy 

3. Privacy of Arbitration Procedure 

3.1. Privacy in the Egyptian Law of Arbitration 

3.2. The Syrian Position as to 

3.3. The Saudi Exception 

3.4. Tribal Arbitration in Yemen 

4. Consequences of Breach 

5. Confidentiality in the Egyptian Legal System 

<6. The Arbitration Law 

6.1. Confidentiality of Arbitral Awards – Article (44/2) 

6.1.1. What Constitutes an Arbitral Award for the Purpose of Article (44/2)? 

6.1.2. The Prohibited Act – To Publish 

6.2. The Reason why the Law Specifies Arbitral Awards 

6.3. Article (44/2) is a Supplementary Provision 

6.4. Dissenting Opinions 

6.5. The Effect of Recourse to State 

6.6. Scholarly Interpretation of Article (44/2) 

6.7. Deliberations – Article (40) 

6.7.1. The Meaning of Secrecy in Judicial Deliberations 

6.7.2. Secrecy of Deliberations in Arbitration 

6.7.3. Consequences of Breaching the Secrecy of Deliberations 

6.7.3.1. In the Judicial System 

6.7.3.2. In Arbitration 

6.7.4. Dissent 

7. Confidentiality in Practice 

8. Conclusion 

Chapter Two - Privacy and Confidentiality in the Judicial System

1. Introduction 

2. Arbitration and the Judicial System 

3. Arbitrators v. Judges – Similarities and Differences 

4. The Right to Public Trial 

4.1. Public Trial as a Constitutional Principle 

4.2. Public Trial as a Law Provision 

4.2.1. Court Hearings – The General Rule 

4.2.2. Court Hearings – Exceptions to the General Rule 

4.2.2.1. Discretionary Secrecy 

4.2.2.2. Mandatory Secrecy 

4.2.3. “In Chambers

4.2.4. Court Judgements – The general Rule 

4.2.5. Court Judgements – Exception to the General Rule 

4.2.6. Deliberations 

4.2.7. Confidentiality of Preliminary Inquisition 

5. Conclusion

Chapter Three - Confidentiality and Privacy in the Egyptian Legal System

1. Introduction 

2. The Right to Privacy 

3. The Law on the Right to Privacy in Egypt 

3.1. Sanctity of Private Life as a Constitutional Principle 

3.1.1. Unique Measures for Compensation 

3.2. Private Life in the Civil Code 

3.3. Criminal Protection for Privacy and Private Life 

3.3.1. The General Right to Privacy 

3.3.2. Professional Secrecy 

3.4. A Right to Privacy for Legal Persons 

4. Exceptions to the Right to Privacy 

4.1. Freedom of Expression 

4.2. The Constitutional Principles 

4.3. The Law Regulating Press (Law no 96 of the Year 1996) 

5. Conclusion 

Conclusion 

Bibliography 

List of Cases 

List of Statutes and Conventions 

Appendix

O autorze

Mariam El-Awa is qualified as both an architect (2000) and an attorney-at-law, admitted to practice in Egypt (2009). She is, also, a fellow of the Chartered Institute of Arbitrators, London. Presently she practices law in Cairo, Egypt.

She has a PhD from King’s College London in Arbitration (2014), and MSc from the Centre of Construction Law and Dispute Resolution at King’s College London (2007).

Prior to joining the Bar Association in Egypt; she practiced as an architect specializing in tenders and contracts, then as a consultant in arbitration and construction law matters. Her professional practice as an attorney is mainly focused on arbitration both domestic and international, construction law, and contract law in general. She published a number of articles in both English and Arabic on various arbitration related topics. Her research interest extends to Islamic law, ADR in general with particular interest in commercial and investment arbitration, and international law.