Concise Encyclopedia of Temperate Tree Fruit

ISBN-13: 9781560229414 / Angielski / Miękka / 2003 / 387 str.

Tara Auxt Baugher; Suman Singha

Opis

A unique resource that examines all aspects of tree fruit cultivation in the world's temperate zones. Addresses more than 40 topics, and included with each topic is a list of resources you can use to find further information.

Spis treści

• List of Figures
• List of Tables
• About the Editors
• Contributors
• Preface
• Anatomy and Taxonomy
• Pome Fruit
• Stone Fruit
• Other Temperate Tree Fruit
• Breeding and Molecular Genetics
• Hybridization
• Nontraditional Breeding Techniques
• Carbohydrate Partitioning and Plant Growth
• Seasonal Patterns of Carbohydrate Production
• Partitioning to Tree Organs
• Environmental Factors Affecting Partitioning
• Cultivar Selection
• Selection Criteria
• Multidisciplinary and International Evaluation of Cultivars
• Major Cultivars of the World
• Diseases
• Background on Tree Fruit Diseases and Their Control
• Common Pome Fruit Diseases
• Common Stone Fruit Diseases
• Dormancy and Acclimation
• Forms of Dormancy
• Specific Cases of Dormancy
• Physiological Basis for Dormancy
• Acclimation
• Dwarfing
• Genetic Dwarfing
• Horticultural Practices to Induce Dwarfing
• Flower Bud Formation, Pollination, and Fruit Set
• Flower Formation
• Pollination
• Fertilization
• Fruit Color Development
• Color Measurement
• Pigments
• Physiology of Color Formation in Tree Fruit
• Fruit Growth Patterns
• What Is a Stone or Pome Fruit?
• What Is Fruit Growth?
• Growth by Cell Division and Cell Expansion
• Growth Patterns of Different Fruit
• Importance of Maintaining Fruit Growth
• Fruit Shape
• Fruit Maturity
• The Compromise Between Quality and Storability
• Development of Maturity Indices
• Maturity or Harvest Indices for Specific Fruit
• Maturity Programs
• Geographic Considerations
• Latitude
• Elevation
• Water Bodies
• Aspect
• Rainfall
• Harvest
• Hand Harvesting
• Harvest Aids
• Mechanical Harvesting
• High-Density Orchards
• Light Environment
• Production Efficiency and Packout
• Management
• Insects and Mites
• Direct Pests
• Indirect Pests
• Beneficial Insects
• Irrigation
• Irrigation Scheduling
• Irrigation Systems
• Light Interception and Photosynthesis
• Photosynthesis
• Factors Affecting Photosynthesis
• Light Interception
• Responses of Fruit Trees to Light
• Orchard Practices to Improve Light
• Marketing
• Key Agents
• Key Functions
• Nematodes
• Beneficial Free-Living Nematodes
• Plant-Parasitic Nematodes and Associated Problems
• Major Nematodes That Affect Fruit Trees
• Nepovirus Diseases
• Diagnosis of Nematode Problems
• Nematode Control
• Nutritional Value of Fruit
• Health Benefits of Fruit Consumption
• Phenolic Compounds in Pome and Stone Fruit
• Orchard Floor Management
• Orchard Groundcover Advantages
• Orchard Groundcover Disadvantages
• Orchard Planning and Site Preparation
• Site Assessment
• Orchard Design and Tree Quality
• Orchard Preparation
• Tree Planting
• Packing
• Presizing and Presorting
• Weight Sizing, Color Sorting, and Packaging
• Defect Sorting
• Modified-Atmosphere Packing
• Bruise Prevention
• Nondestructive Quality Assessment
• Physiological Disorders
• Types of Physiological Disorders
• Major Physiological Disorders of Temperate Tree Fruit
• Plant Growth Regulation
• Regulation of Tree Vigor and Enhancement of Flowering
• Chemical Thinning
• Control of Preharvest Drop of Fruit
• Specialty Applications in Targeted Situations
• Plant Hormones
• Auxin
• Gibberellin
• Cytokinin
• Abscisic Acid
• Ethylene
• Mode of Action
• Plant Nutrition
• Soil As a Reservoir of Plant Nutrients
• Nutrient Absorption and Transport
• Physiological and Biochemical Functions of Plant Nutrients
• Modern Trends in Fruit Tree Nutrition
• Plant-Pest Relationships and the Orchard Ecosystem
• Arthropods
• Disease-Causing Pathogens
• Nematodes
• Vertebrates
• Weeds
• Postharvest Fruit Physiology
• Respiration and Ethylene Production
• Texture
• Color
• Flavor
• Processing
• Apple Cultivars and Quality Characteristics
• Apple Sorting
• Applesauce Production
• Apple Slice Production
• Apple Juice Production
• Quality Assessments
• Other Temperate Fruit
• Propagation
• Sexual Propagation
• Vegetative Propagation
• Rootstock Selection
• Effects of Rootstocks and Reasons for Selection
• Rootstock-Scion Compatibility
• Types of Rootstocks
• Multicomponent Plants
• Soil Management and Plant Fertilization
• Methods of Estimating Fertilizer Needs
• Fertilizer Application Practices
• Managing Extreme Soil Environments
• Spring Frost Control
• Frost Control Principles
• Frost Control Techniques
• Storing and Handling Fruit
• Precooling
• Cold Storage
• Controlled Atmosphere Storage
• Relative Humidity
• Monitoring Storages
• Sustainable Orcharding
• Integrated Pest Management
• Integrated Fruit Production
• Organic Production
• Temperature Relations
• Freezing Tolerance versus Freezing Avoidance
• Overwintering
• Systems and Strategies to Distinguish Cold Hardiness and Dormancy Transitions
• Training and Pruning Principles
• Apical Dominance and Growth
• Shoot Orientation Effect on Apical Dominance
• General Responses to Pruning
• Types of Pruning Cuts
• Training and Pruning Objective
• Training Systems
• Central Leader Systems
• Open Center Systems
• Vertical and Horizontal Trellis Systems
• Tree Canopy Temperature Management
• Temperature Assessment
• Cooling Strategies
• Water Relations
• Pathway of Water from the Soil to the Leaf
• Ascent of Water in Plants
• Transpiration Stream of Water
• Components of Plant Water Relations
• Wildlife
• Integrated Approach to Wildlife Management
• General Control Strategies
• Index
• Reference Notes Included

O autorze

Suman Singha, Tara Baugher