Computer-Aided Forensic Facial Comparison

ISBN-13: 9781439811337 / Angielski / Twarda / 2010 / 212 str.

Martin Evison;Richard W. Vorder Bruegge

Opis

Countless facial images are generated everyday through digital and cell phone cameras, surveillance video systems, webcams, and traditional film and broadcast video. As a result, law enforcement and intelligence agencies have numerous opportunities to acquire and analyze images that depict persons of interest. Computer-Aided Forensic Facial Comparison is a comprehensive exploration of the scientific, technical, and statistical challenges facing researchers investigating courtroom identification from facial images. Supported by considerable background material, research data, and prototypic statistical and applications software, this volume brings together contributions from anthropologists, computer scientists, forensic scientists, and statisticians. Topics discussed include:

• Face database collection in 3D
• Error and distinguishing power associated with craniofacial landmarks
• Statistical analysis of face shape variation
• Comparison of instrumentation
• Court admissibility issues
• Missing data
• Computer applications development

Based on the quantification and analysis of more than 3000 facial images, this seminal work lays the foundation for future forensic facial comparison, computer applications development, and research in face shape variation and analysis. Using experimental and real case data, it demonstrates the influence of illumination, image resolution, perspective, and pose angle on landmark visibility. Two DVDs are included which contain the raw 3D landmark datasets for 3000 faces, additional datasets used in 2D analysis, and computer programs and spreadsheets used in analysis and in the development of prototypic applications software.

Spis treści

Introduction. Image Quality and Accuracy in Three 3D Scanners. Shape Variation in Anthropometric Landmarks in 3D. A Large Database Sample of 3D Facial Images and Measurements. Investigation of Anthropometric Landmarking in 2D. Effect of 3D Rotation on Landmark Visibility. Influence of Lens Distortion and Perspective Error. Estimation of Landmark Position Using an Active Shape Model. Generation of Values for Missing Data. Admissibility. Application Toolset. Problems and Prospects. Appendix A. Appendix B. Index.