Complex Interventions in Health: An Overview of Research Methods

ISBN-13: 9780415703147 / Angielski / Twarda / 2015 / 382 str.

Dave A. Richards; Ingalill Hallberg; David Richards

Opis

Health and human services currently face a series of challenges - such as aging populations, chronic diseases and new endemics - that require highly complex responses, and take place in multiple care environments including acute medicine, chronic care facilities and the community. Accordingly, most modern health care interventions are now seen as 'complex interventions' - activities that contain a number of component parts with the potential for interactions between them which, when applied to the intended target population, produce a range of possible and variable outcomes. This in turn requires methodological developments that also take into account changing values and attitudes　related to the situation of patients' receiving health care.　 The first book to place complex interventions within a coherent system of research enquiry, this work is designed to help researchers understand the research processes involved at each stage of developing, testing, evaluating and implementing complex interventions, and assist them to integrate methodological activities to produce secure, evidence-based health care interventions. It begins with conceptual chapters which set out the complex interventions framework, discuss the interrelation between knowledge development and evidence, and explore how mixed methods research contributes to improved health. Structured around the influential UK Medical Research Council guidance for use of complex interventions, four sections, each comprised of bite-sized chapters written by multidisciplinary experts in the area, focus on: -　　　　　　　　　 Developing complex interventions -　　　　　　　　　 Assessing the feasibility of complex interventions and piloting them -　　　　　　　　　 Evaluating complex interventions -　　　　　　　　　 Implementing complex interventions. Accessible to students and researchers grappling with complex interventions, each substantive chapter includes an introduction, bulleted learning objectives, clinical examples, a summary and further reading. The perspectives of various stakeholders, including patients, families and professionals, are discussed throughout as are the economic and ethical implications of methods. A vital companion for health research, this book is suitable for readers from multidisciplinary disciplines such as medical, nursing, public health, health services research, human services and allied healthcare backgrounds.

Spis treści

Foreword  1. The Complex Interventions Framework  2. Knowledge for Healthcare Practice  3. The Value of Mixed Methods for Researching Complex Interventions  4. The Critical Importance of Patient and Public Involvement for Research into Complex Interventions  Part 1: Developing Complex Interventions  Part 1 Introduction  5. Systematic Reviews of the Effects of Interventions  6. Advanced Approaches to Evidence Synthesis and its Application to Intervention Design  7. Exploring Complexity in Systematic Reviews of Complex Interventions  8. The Synthesis of Qualitative Data  9. Building a Case for Mixed Method Reviews  10. Development of Complex Interventions: Outcome Modelling  11. Designing Interventions to Change Health-related Behaviour  12. Modelling Process and Outcomes in Complex Interventions  Part 2: Investigating the Feasibility and Undertaking Pilot Testing of Complex Interventions: An Introduction  Part 2 Introduction  13. Pilot Studies and Feasibility Studies for Complex Interventions: An Introduction  14. How to Use Feasibility and Pilot Trials to Test Alternative Methodologies and Methodological Procedures Prior to Full Scale Trials  15. How to Use Feasibility Studies to Derive Parameter Estimates in Order to Power a Full Trial  16. Addressing Issues in Recruitment and Retention Using Feasibility and Pilot Trials  17. Testing the Waters: Piloting a Complex Intervention  18. Feasibility in Practice: Undertaking a Feasibility Study to Answer Procedural, Methodological and Clinical Questions Prior to a Full-scale Evaluation  Part 3: Evaluation of Complex Interventions  Part 3 Introduction  19. Individually and Cluster Randomised Trials  20. Stepped Wedge, Natural Experiments and Interrupted Time Series Analysis Design  21. Non-standard and Preference Designs  22. Single-subject Designs  23. Process Evaluation of Complex Interventions: A Summary of Medical Research Council Guidance  24. Intervention Fidelity in Clinical Trials  25. Qualitative Process Evaluation for Complex Interventions  26. Economic Evaluations of Complex Interventions  Part 4: Implementation of Complex Interventions  Part 4 Introduction  27. Implementation Issues: Towards a Systematic and Stepwise Approach  28. Why do Barriers and Facilitators Matter?  29. How to Arrive at an Implementation Plan  30. Applying Normalization Process Theory to the Implementation of Complex Interventions  31. Action Research for the Implementation of Complex Interventions  32. Systems Modelling for Improving Healthcare  33. A Few Final Thoughts