Community Seed Banks: Origins, Evolution and Prospects

ISBN-13: 9780415708067 / Angielski / Miękka / 2015 / 270 str.

Ronnie Vernooy

Opis

Community seed banks first appeared towards the end of the 1980s, established with the support of international and national non-governmental organizations. This book is the first to provide a global review of their development and includes a wide range of case studies.

Countries that pioneered various types of community seed banks include Bangladesh, Brazil, Ethiopia, India, Nepal, Nicaragua, the Philippines and Zimbabwe. In the North, a particular type of community seed bank emerged known as a seed-savers network. Such networks were first established in Australia, Canada, the UK and the USA before spreading to other countries. Over time, the number and diversity of seed banks has grown. In Nepal, for example, there are now more than 100 self-described community seed banks whose functions range from pure conservation to commercial seed production. In Brazil, community seed banks operate in various regions of the country.

Surprisingly, despite 25 years of history and the rapid growth in number, organizational diversity and geographical coverage of community seed banks, recognition of their roles and contributions has remained scanty. The book reviews their history, evolution, experiences, successes and failures (and reasons why), challenges and prospects. It fills a significant gap in the literature on agricultural biodiversity and conservation, and their contribution to food sovereignty and security.

Spis treści

1. Introduction  Ronnie Vernooy, Pitambar Shrestha and Bhuwon Sthapit  Part 1: Comparative Analysis of Key Aspects of Community Seed Banks  2. Origins and Evolution  Ronnie Vernooy, Pitambar Shrestha and Bhuwon Sthapit  3. Functions and Activities  Pitambar Shrestha, Ronnie Vernooy and Bhuwon Sthapit  4. Governance and Management  Bhuwon Sthapit, Ronnie Vernooy and Pitambar Shrestha  5. Technical Issues  Pitambar Shrestha, Bhuwon Sthapit and Ronnie Vernooy  6. Support and Networking  Ronnie Vernooy, Bhuwon Sthapit and Pitambar Shrestha  7. Policy and Legal Environment  Ronnie Vernooy, Pitambar Shrestha and Bhuwon Sthapit  8. Sustainability  Pitambar Shrestha, Bhuwon Sthapit and Ronnie Vernooy  Part 2: Case Studies from Around the World  9. Bangladesh: the Mamudpur Nayakrishi Seed Hut  M. A. Sobhan, Jahangir Alam Jony, Rabiul Islam Chunnu and Fahima Khatun Liza  10. Bhutan: the Bumthang Community Seed Bank  Asta Tamang and Gaylong Dukpa  11. Bolivia: Community Seed Banks in the Lake Titicaca Area  Milton Pinto, Juana Flores Ticona and Wilfredo Rojas  12. Brazil: Gene Banks, Seed Banks and Local Seed Guardians  Terezinha Aparecia Borges Dias, Irajá Ferreira Antunes, Ubiratan Piovezan, Fabio de Oliveira Freitas, Marcia Maciel, Gilberto A. P. Bevilaqua, Nadi Rabelo dos Santos and Cristiane Tavares Feijó  13. Brazil: the Minas Gerais Seed Houses for Conservation in Times of Climate Crisis  Anna Crystina Alvarenga and Carlos Alberto Dayrell  14. Canada: the Toronto Seed Library  Katie Berger, Jacob Kearey-Moreland and Brendan Behrmann  15. China: The Xiding Gene Bank in Yunnan  Yang Yayun, Zhang Enlai, Devra Jarvis, Bai Keyu, Dong Chao, A. Xinxiang, Tang Cuifeng, Zhang Feifei, Xu Furong and Dai Luyuan  16. Costa Rica: Unión de Semilleros del Sur  Flor Ivette Elizondo Porras, Rodolfo Araya Villalobos, Juan Carlos Hernández Fonseca and Karolina Martínez Umaña  17. Guatemala: Community Seed Reserves Restore Maize Diversity  Gea Galluzzi and Isabel Lapeña  18. India: Community Seed Banks and Empowering Tribal Communities in the Kolli Hills  E. D. Israel Oliver King, N. Kumar and Stefano Padulosi  19. India: From Community Seed Banks to Community Seed Enterprises  G. V. Ramanjaneyulu, G. Rajshekar and K. Radha Rani  20. Malaysia: Exploring the Utility of a Community Seed Bank in Sarawak  Paul Bordoni and Toby Hodgkin  21. Mali: An Overview of Community Seed and Gene Banks  Amadou Sidibe, Raymond S. Vodouhe and Sognigbe N’Danikou  22. Mali: The USC Canada-supported Gene and Seed Banks of the Mopti Region  Abdrahamane Goïta, Hamadoun Bore, Mariam Sy Ouologueme and Ada Hamadoun Dicko  23. Mexico: Community Seed Banks in Oaxaca  Flavio Aragón-Cuevas  24. Nepal: the Historical Dalchowki Community Seed Bank  Bharat Bhandari, Surya Thapa, Krishna Sanjel and Pratap Shrestha  25. Nepal: the Community Seed Bank in Tamaphok  Dilli Jimi, Manisha Jimi and Pitambar Shrestha  26. Nicaragua: La Labranza No. 2 Community Seed Bank — ‘We are a Network’  Jorge Iran Vásquez Zeledón  27. Rwanda: the Rubaya Community Gene Bank  Leonidas Dusengemungu, Theophile Ndacyayisenga, Gloria Otieno, Antoine Ruzindana Nyirigira and Jean Rwihaniza Gapusi  28. Sri Lanka: The Haritha Udana Community Seed Bank in Kanthale  C. L. K. Wakkumbure and K. M. G. P. Kumarasinghe  29. Trinidad and Tobago: SJ Seed Savers  Jaeson Teeluck and Satie Boodoo  30. Uganda: The Kiziba Community Gene Bank  Mulumba John Wasswa, Rose Nankya, Catherine Kiwuka, Joyce Adokorach, Gloria Otieno, Marjorie Kyomugisha, Carlo Fadda and Devra I. Jarvis  31. United States of America: Native Seeds/SEARCH  Chris Schmidt  32. Burundi: Community Seed Banks and the Welthungerhilfe Program in Kirundo  Christian Ngendabanka, Godefroid Niyonkuru, Lucien D’Hooghe and Thomas Marx  33. Honduras: Community Seed Banks Established by Local Agricultural Research Committees  Orvill Omar Gallardo Guzmán, Carlos Antonio Ávila Andino, Marvin Joel Gómez Cerna, Mainor Guillermo Pavón Hernández and Gea Galluzzi  34. Nepal: LI-BIRD’s Approach to Supporting Community Seed Banks  Pitambar Shrestha and Sajal Sthapit  35. Norway’s Development Fund: Supporting Community Seed Banking Practices  Teshome Hunduma and Rosalba Ortiz  36. Spain: The Seed Network, Resembrando e Intercambiando  Members of the Red de Semillas  37. USC Canada’s Experience in Supporting Community Seed Banks in Africa, Asia and the Americas  Sarah Paule Dalle and Susan Walsh  38. Zimbabwe: the Experience of the Community Technology Development Trust  Andrew T. Mushita, Patrick Kasasa and Hilton Mbozi  39. Brazil: Community Seed Banks and Brazilian Laws  Juliana Santilli  40. The Role of Community Seed Banks in Adaptation to Climate Change in Mesoamerica  Gea Galluzzi, Evert Thomas, Maarten van Zonneveld, Jacob van Etten and Marleni Ramirez  41. Nepal: Government Policies and Laws Related to Community Seed Banks  Pashupati Chaudhary, Rachana Devkota, Deepak Upadhyay and Kamal Khadka  42: Community Seed Banks in Mexico: An In Situ Conservation Strategy  Karina Sandibel Vera Sánchez, Rosalinda González Santos and Flavio Aragón-Cuevas  43. South Africa: a New Beginning for Community Seed Banks  Ronnie Vernooy, Bhuwon Sthapit, Mabjang Angeline Dibiloane, Nkat Lettie Maluleke Tovhowani Mukoma and Thabo Tjikana  44. Epilogue: Visions of the Future  Ronnie Vernooy, Bhuwon Sthapit and Pitambar Shrestha