Community-Acquired Pneumonia: Strategies for Management

ISBN-13: 9780470058091 / Angielski / Twarda / 2008 / 286 str.

Torres, Antoni

Opis

Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) refers to pneumonia acquired outside of hospitals or extended-care facilities, and is distinct from Nosocomial or hospital-acquired pneumonia, which is a separate disease entity. It is one of the most common respiratory infections and presents one of the major health problems today, with an incidence that ranges from eight to fifty cases per thousand individuals each year. Mortality is still very high and yet the risk factors are very well known. Many of these are related to antibiotic treatment; delay in administration, inadequacy of empiric antibiotics and lack of adherence to guidelines for treatment are all clearly associated with poor treatment outcomes. Following a description of the epidemiology and microbial etiology of ambulatory and hospitalized CAP, this book provides an in-depth review of the important new advances in therapeutics, including management of drug resistance to the three major classes of antibiotics used for treatment of CAP: β-lactams, macrolides and quinolones. All of them have advantages and disadvantages and these are put into perspective. This book highlights guideline recommendations and presents a balanced analysis to help physicians deliver the highest standard of care. In addition, the authors provide an insight into the 10% of patients who do not respond to antibiotics and could benefit from adjunctive therapies, some still under review. This volume will be welcomed by pulmonologists and all clinicians involved in managing community-acquired pneumonia.

Spis treści

Preface

List of Contributors

1 Epidemiology of Community–Acquired Pneumonia Outside Hospital (Theo JM Verheij)

2 Epidemiology of Adult Hospitalized Community–Acquired Pneumonia (Mark Woodhead)

3 Microbial Aetiology and Antibiotic Resistances in

Community–Acquired Pneumonia (Gerard Huchon)

4 Microbiological Diagnosis of Community–Acquired Pneumonia (Margareta Ieven)

5 Empirical Treatment of Community–Acquired Pneumonia: Current Guidelines (Javier Aspa, Olga Rajas, Felipe Rodr´ guez de Castro, Jos´e Blanquer and Antoni Torres)

6 Pathogen Directed Antimicrobial Treatment of Pneumonia (Santiago Ewig and S¨oren Gatermann)

7 General Pharmacological Considerations in Antibiotic Treatment of Community–Acquired Pneumonia (Francesco Blasi, Mario Cazzola and Paolo Tarsia)

8 –Lactams in the Therapy of Community–Acquired Pneumonia (Michael S. Niederman)

9 Macrolides and Ketolides (Javier Garau)

10 Role of Fluoroquinolones in the Treatment of Community–Acquired Pneumonia (Tobias Welte)

11 Non–Responding Pneumonia (Rosario Menendez)

12 Influenza and Pneumococcal Vaccination for Prevention of Community–Acquired Pneumonia in Immunocompetent Adults (Ake Ortqvist)

13 Adjunctive Therapy in Community–Acquired Pneumonia (Anna P. Lam and Richard G. Wunderink)

Index

Blurb

Community–Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) refers to pneumonia acquired outside of hospitals or extended–care facilities, and is distinct from Nosocomial or hospital–acquired pneumonia, which is a separate disease entity. It is one of the most common respiratory infections and presents one of the major health problems today, with an incidence that ranges from eight to fifty cases per thousand individuals each year. Mortality is still very high and yet the risk factors are very well known. Many of these are related to antibiotic treatment; delay in administration, inadequacy of empiric antibiotics and lack of adherence to guidelines for treatment are all clearly associated with poor treatment outcomes.

Following a description of the epidemiology and microbial etiology of ambulatory and hospitalized CAP, this book provides an in–depth review of the important new advances in therapeutics, including management of drug resistance to the three major classes of antibiotics used for treatment of CAP: β–lactams, macrolides and quinolones. All of them have advantages and disadvantages and these are put into perspective. This book highlights guideline recommendations and presents a balanced analysis to help physicians deliver the highest standard of care. In addition, the authors provide an insight into the 10% of patients who do not respond to antibiotics and could benefit from adjunctive therapies, some still under review.

This volume will be welcomed by pulmonologists and all clinicians involved in managing community–acquired pneumonia.