Cno Isotopes in Astrophysics: Proceedings of a Special Iau Session Held on August 30, 1976, in Grenoble, France

ISBN-13: 9789401012348 / Angielski / Miękka / 2012 / 208 str.

J. Audouze

Opis

On behalf of the IAU Commission 48 "High Energy Astrophysics" a special session on "CNO Isotopes in Astrophysics" was held at the General Assembly of IAU in Grenoble on August 30, 1976. This topic was chosen since it has recently included many exciting developments in various domains of physics and astrophysics such as for instance meteoritical studies, radioastronomy measurements of the interstellar gas, new determinations of nuclear reactions cross-sections and fractionation processes. The papers of this volume are the written versions of the talks which were presented during this session and cover the most recent observations and theoretical developments re garding this fast-growing field. Let me thank first Professor Martin Rees (Institute of Astronomy at Cambridge) the chairman of IAU Commission 48, who has sponsored this special session and made it possible. I am indebted to the authors of the papers for their contributions and all the work they have put in the excellent presentation of the material. lowe special thanks to Professor William A. Fowler (Kellogg Laboratory at Cal tech) who has superbly chaired this session and made it very exciting and lively, to Professor Beatrice M. Tinsley (Yale University) who accep ted the difficult task to conclude and sGmmarize on such a burning and moving topic, and to Dr James Lequeux for his invaluable help in the edition of several contributions. Finally, the edition of this book would not have been possible with out the skilled and generous aid of Miss Jeannette Caro."

Spis treści

I - Introduction.- 1. The Importance of CNO Isotopes in Astrophysics.- II - CNO Isotopes in the Solar System.- 2. 1) Oxygen Anomalies in Meteorites - 2) The 15N/14N Ratio in the Solar Wind.- III - CNO Isotopes in Stars.- 3. Possible Large Carbon and Nitrogen Abundance Variations on the Horizontal Branch of M92.- 4. Carbon and Nitrogen Abundances in Giant Stars of the Metal Poor Globular Cluster M92 — A Preliminary Report.- 5. CNO Isotopes and Red Giants.- 6. Abundance of Carbon in NGC 7027.- 7. CNO Nucleosynthesis and the Nova Outburst.- 8. The CNO Composition in Novae Envelope.- IV - CNO Isotopes in the Interstellar Medium.- 9. CNO Isotope Abundances in Interstellar Clouds.- 10. 17O and 18O Abundances in Interstellar Clouds.- 11. A Measurement of the Interstellar 12C/ 13C Isotop IC Abundance Ratio Toward ? OPH from Observations of the ?3957 Line of CH+.- 12. (12C/13C) Ratios Obtained from Radioastronom Ical Measurements.- 13. Isotope Ratios and Chemical Fractionation of CO in Lynds 134.- 14. Observational Evidence for Chemical Fractionation in SGR B2: The 13C-Isotopes of Cyanoacetylene.- 15. Isotope Fractionation in Interstellar Molecules.- 16. Is there Evidence for Depletion of CNO in the Interstellar Medium?.- V - CNO Isotope Nucleosynthesis and Chemical.- 17. The CNO Cycles.- 18. New Cross Section Measurements Relevant to the CNO Nucleosynthesis.- 19. Nucleosynthesis of CNO Isotopes.- 20. Galactic Evolution of CNO Isotopes: the Case of 15N.- VI - Conclusion.- 21. Concluding Remarks.- Index of Subjects.- Index of Names.