Chronically Evolving Viral Hepatitis

ISBN-13: 9783211823507 / Angielski / Miękka / 1992 / 348 str.

C. Debac; W. H. Gerlich; G. Taliani

Opis

Chronic viral hepatitis is discussed here in a multidisciplinary approach. The editors' goal was to assemble contributions from clinicians, laboratory physicians, epidemiologists, pathologists, and molecular biologists to provide a synopsis of all the important aspects of this disease. A key element in the chronic evolution of viral hepatitis is the persistent coexistence of a cytotoxic immune response and viral gene expression which is discussed in eleven articles on immune pathogenesis. The oncogenicity of hepatitis B virus at the molecular level and of hepatitis C virus at the epidemiological level is discussed in two chapters. The application of PCR for the detection of hepatitis viruses and their variants is a major topic of both practical and theoretical interest. The clinical significance of newly developed serological assays for diagnosis and prevention is discussed in depth by specialists from clinics, transfusion centers and virological laboratories. The therapy of chronic viral hepatitis is still unsatisfactory, but some slow progress is described in several articles. Furthermore, the volume has a special chapter on the often neglected topic of chronic hepatitis in childhood.

Spis treści

Immune pathogenesis of viral hepatitis.- Immune pathogenesis of hepatitis A.- Relapsing hepatitis A in Saimiri monkeys experimentally reinfected with a wild type hepatitis A virus (HAV).- Immune pathogenesis of hepatitis B.- T cell recognition of hepatitis B envelope proteins.- Fine specificity of the human T cell response to hepatitis B virus core antigen.- HBcAg induced T-cell independent anti-HBc production in chronic HBsAg carriers.- Divergent anti-HBc reactivities in HB-immune and chronic HBsAg carriers.- Absence of free core antigen in anti-HBc negative viremic hepatitis B carriers.- Homing of T-lymphocytes in acute and chronic HBV positive inflammatory liver disease.- Hepatitis B virus specific transcripts in peripheral blood mononuclear cells.- Detection of transcriptionally active hepatitis B virus DNA in peripheral mononuclear blood cells after infection during immunosuppressive chemotherapy using the polymerase chain reaction.- Oncogenic properties of hepatitis viruses.- The hepatitis B virus X protein transactivation of c-fos and c-myc proto-oncogenes is mediated by multiple transcription factors.- Trans-Activation by hepatitis B virus X protein is mediated via a tumour promotor pathway.- Truncated pre-S/S proteins transactivate multiple target sequences.- Hepatitis C virus and hepatocellular carcinoma.- Prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis C virus in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in Austria.- Hepatitis B virus variants.- Variants of hepatitis B virus.- Hepatitis B virus genomic variations in chronic hepatitis.- Replication of a molecularly cloned HBeAg negative hepatitis B virus variant in transfected HepG2 cells.- Lack of pre-C region mutation in woodchuck hepatitis virus from seroconverted woodchucks.- Clinical significance of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay in chronic HBV carriers.- Serodiagnosis of hepatitis B.- PreS antigen expression and anti-preS response in hepatitis B virus infections: relationship to serum HBV-DNA, intrahepatic HBcAg, liver damage and specific T-cell response.- PCR analysis of HBV infected sera: relationship between preS antigens expression and viral replication.- Detection of HBV DNA by PCR in serum from an HBsAg negative blood donor implicated in cases of post-transfusion hepatitis B.- HBc and HBe specificity of monoclonal antibodies against complete and truncated HBc proteins from E. coli.- Measurement of anti-HBc IgM levels using the Amerlite anti-HBc IgM assay.- Evaluation of a new enhanced luminescence immunoassay for confirming the presence of HBsAg in human serum or plasma.- Hepatitis B surface proteins and vaccination.- Functions of hepatitis B surface proteins.- Deletion and insertion mutants of HBsAg particles.- Properties of a recombinant yeast-derived hepatitis B surface antigen containing S, preS2 and preSl antigenic domains.- Diverging policies for vaccination against hepatitis B.- Immunogenicity and safety of a recombinant hepatitis B vaccine produced in mammalian cells and containing the S and the preS2 sequences.- Kinetics of anti-HBs after hepatitis B vaccination: a comparison of two recombinant and one plasma-derived vaccines.- Enhanced luminescent assays for hepatitis markers: Assessment of post vaccine responses.- Characterization of hepatitis C virus.- Comparative molecular biology of flaviviruses and hepatitis C virus.- Hepatitis C viral RNA in serum of patients with chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis: Detection by the polymerase chain reaction using multiple primer sets.- Detection and characterization of hepatitis C virus sequence in the serum of a patient with chronic HCV infection.- Sequence analysis of PCR amplified hepatitis C virus cDNA from French non-A, non-B hepatitis patients.- Antigenicity of synthetic peptides derived from C100 protein of hepatitis C virus.- Localization of hepatitis C virus antigen(s) by immunohistochemistry on fixed-embedded liver tissue.- Identification of HCV-associated antigen(s) in hepatocytes.- Hepatitis C virus and liver disease.- Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and autoimmune liver diseases.- Antibodies to hepatitis C virus in primary biliary cirrhosis.- Prevalence of antibodies against hepatitis C virus in primary biliary cirrhosis and autoimmune chronic hepatitis.- HCV infection and chronic active hepatitis in alcoholics.- Hepatitis C virus infection in patients with idiopathic hemochromatosis (IH) and porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT).- Diagnosis of hepatitis C virus.- Diagnostic reagents for hepatitis C virus.- Follow-up of patients with hepatitis non-A, non-B: incidence and persistence of anti-HCV depend on route of transmission.- Confirmation of anti-HCV EIA reactivities by RIBA and neutralization assay among blood donors and patients with chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma.- Recombinant immunoblot assay for hepatitis C virus antibody in chronic hepatitis.- PCR detection of HCV RNA among French non-A, non-B hepatitis patients.- Hepatitis C virus and blood donation.- HCV and blood transfusion.- Evaluation of anti-HCV positive blood donors identified during routine screening.- Presence of HCV RNA in serum of asymptomatic blood donors involved in post-transfusion hepatitis (PTH).- Epidemiology of anti-HCV antibodies in France.- Assay of antibodies to hepatitis C virus protein C100–3 in blood donors from Northern Germany.- Chronic hepatitis in childhood.- Chronic viral hepatitis in children.- Long-term outcome of chronic type B hepatitis in childhood.- Hepatitis in children with thalassemia major.- Hepatitis in pre-school children: prevalent role of cytomegalo-virus.- Repeated course of interferon treatment in chronic hepatitis B in childhood.- Effect of prednisone priming followed by alfa-interferon in treatment of children with chronic hepatitis B: an interim analysis of a controlled trial.- Association between HLA class I antigens and response to interferon therapy in children with chronic HBV hepatitis.- Therapy of chronic viral hepatitis.- Treatment of chronic viral hepatitis anno 1990.- Induction of autoantibodies during alpha interferon treatment in chronic hepatitis B.- One course versus two courses of recombinant alpha interferon in chronic C hepatitis.- Interferon therapy of cryptogenic chronic active liver disease and its relationship to anti-HCV.- Interferon alpha 2-b therapy of HCV and NonBNonC chronic hepatitis.- Long-term effects of recombinant leukocyte alpha interferon in the treatment of chronic delta hepatitis.- Liver transplantation and hepatitis viruses.- Liver transplantation and hepatitis viruses.- Epidemiology of HCV and other blood-transmissible viruses: Selected abstracts.- Prevalence of antibody to hepatitis C virus in acute non-A, non-B hepatitis in patients from different epidemiological categories.- Prevalence of anti-HCV antibodies in patients with acute nonA-nonB viral hepatitis.- Antibody to hepatitis C virus in acute, self-limited, type B hepatitis.- HCV infection in HBsAg positive chronic liver disease.- Prevalence of antibody to hepatitis C virus in chronic HBsAg carriers.- HBV and HCV infection in i.v. drug addicts; coinfection with HIV.- HCV and HIV infection among intravenous drug abusers in Eastern Sicily.- Anti-hepatitis C antibody prevalence among intravenous drug addicts in the Catanzaro area.- Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in the Piacenza dialysis center.- Prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodies in hemodialysis patients.- Preliminary investigation on intrafamilial spread of hepatitis C virus (HCV).- Involved factors in the intrafamilial spread of hepatitis C virus.- Prevalence of anti-HCV in two Tanzanian villages.