Cholinergic Mechanisms and Psychopharmacology

ISBN-13: 9781468430981 / Angielski / Miękka / 2012 / 886 str.

D. Jenden

Opis

This volume represents a collection of papers which were contributed by participants at a Symposium for Cholinergic Mechanisms and Psycho- pharmacology, held in La Jolla, California on March 28-30, 1977. The were chosen to emphasize areas in which there has been substantial topics progress in the past 2-3 years and fall into seven major groups dealingwith: cholinergiC receptors; chemistry, histochemistry and enzymology; cyclic nucleotides and cholinergiC mechanisms; storage, compartmentation and release of acetylcholine; regulatory mechanisms in acetylcholine metab- olism; modulation of acetylcholine metabolism; and behavioral and clin- ical manifestations of cholinergiC function and dysfunction. Each group contains one or more reviews and a number of shorter contributions de- scribing current work. This symposium was the third in a series of which the first two were held in Skokloster, Sweden in 1970 and Boldern, Switzerland in 1974. The Proceedings of the meetings indicate a rapid development of knowledge of cholinergiC mechanisms which for many years lagged behind that of other neurotransmitters and neuroregulators. The inclusion of a large section in the present volume dealing with clinical manifestations of cholinergiC dysfunction reflects one of the most important trends in current research on cholinergiC mechanisms, namely the close inter-relationship and mutual support of basic science and clinical investigation. I hope that this volume will be of value to all those whose work relates to cholinergiC function, at both basic and clinicalleve18, and will continue to stimulate the vigorous exchange of ideas which was such a prominent feature of the Symposium.

Spis treści

Cholinergic Receptors.- The Binding of Acetylcholine to Its Nicotinic Receptor.- Correlation between the Binding Properties and Pharmacological Responses on Muscarinic Receptors.- Biochemical Characterization of Muscarinic Cholinergic Receptors in Huntington’s Disease.- Characterization of Presynaptic Muscarinic Receptors in Central Cholinergic Neurons.- Are There Two forms of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors.- Immunofluorescence Analysis of Surface Acetylcholine Receptors on Muscle: Modulation by Auto-Antibodies.- Chemistry, Histochemistry & Enzymology.- Recent Advances in Histochemical Techniques for the Study of Central Cholinergic Mechanisms.- Histochemical and Pharmacological Evidence of the Function of Butyrylcholinesterase.- Estimation of Acetylcholine and the Dynamics of Its Metabolism.- Radioimmunoassay for Acetylcholine.- Microwave Fixation for the Study of acetylcholine Metabolism.- Acetylcholine and Choline in Human Plasma and Red Blood Cells: A Gas Chromatographic Mass Spectrometric Evaluation.- Studies on the Mechanism of Action of Choline Acetyltransferase.- Activation of Choline Acetyltransferase by Chloride: A Possible Regulator Mechanism.- Comparative Immunochemistry of Mammalian Brain and Eel Electric Tissue Acetylcholinesterases.- Constituents of Acetylcholinesterase.- Structure of Acetylcholinesterase: Its Relationship to the Postsynaptic Membrane.- Cyclic Nucleotides & Cholinergic Mechanisms.- If Cyclic GMP is a Neuronal Second messenger what is the Message.- Acetylcholine and Cyclic GMP.- Control of Nuclear Function in Chromaffin Cells by Persistent Activation of Nicotinic Receptors.- Muscarinic Stimulation and CGMP Synthesis in the Nervous System.- Storage, Compartmentation & Release of Acetylcholine.- The Present Status of the Vesicle Hypothesis.- The Electromotor System of Torpedo as a Model Cholinergic System.- The Endocytotic Role of Vesicles at the Cholinergic Synapse.- Nerve Terminal Sacs from Torpedo Electric Organ: A New Preparation for the Study of Presynaptic Cholinergic Mechanisms at the Molecular Level.- Acetylcholine Compartments in Frog Muscle.- Acetylcholine Mediated Axon-Schwann Cell Relationships in the Squid Nerve Fiber.- Muscarinic Modulation of Acetylcholine Release from the Myenteric Plexus of the Guinea Pig Intestine.- Regulatory Mechanisms in Acetylcholine Metabolism.- Source of the Acetyl Group in Acetylcholine.- The Source of Choline for Acetylcholine Synthesis.- Characteristics and Significance of Sodium-Dependent, High Affinity Choline Uptake.- Factors Affecting Choline Uptake by Ganglia and the Relationship between Choline Uptake and Acetylcholine Synthesis.- Studies on Substrates, Inhibitors and Modifiers on the High Affinity Choline Transport-Acetylation System Present in Rat Brain Synaptosomes.- Control of Acetylcholine Synthesis in Motor Nerve Terminals.- Pyruvate Utilization, Choline Uptake and Acetylcholine Synthesis.- Regulation of Acetylcholine Synthesis in Rat Brain.- Effect of Choline on Cholinergic Function.- Uptake of Choline in Nerve Cell Cultures: Correlation with the Endogenous Pool of Choline.- Modulation of Acetylcholine Metabolism.- Endogenous Modulators of Acetylcholine Turnover Rate.- Effects of Polypeptide Neurotoxins on Acetylcholine Storage and Release.- Presynaptic Modulation by Norepinephrine and Dopamine of Acetylcholine Release in the Peripheral and Central Nervous System.- Drug Stimulation of Acetylcholine output from the Cerebral Cortex.- Pharmacological Evidence for a Serotoninergic-Cholinergic Link in the Striatum.- Modulation of Acetylcholine Turnover in Brain Regions.- Effect of Atropine on Acetylcholine Metabolism in the Mouse Brain.- The Uptake of Acetylpyrrolidinecholine — A False Cholinergic Transmitter — Into Mammalian Cerebral Cortical Synaptic Vesicles.- Effects of Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol on Regional Brain Acetylcholine.- Behavioral & Clinical Manifestations of Cholinergic Function & Dysfunction.- Exploitable Aspects of Central Cholinergic Functions, Particularly With Respect to the Eeg, Motor, Analgesic and Mental Functions.- Cholinergic Substrates of Behavior.- Central Cholinergic Dysfunctions in Man: Clinical Manifestations and Approaches to Diagnosis and Treatment.- Plasma Choline in Healthy Subjects and in Huntington’s Chorea Patients on High Oral Doses of Choline Chloride.- Cholinergic Dysfunction in Mania and Movement Diseases.- Cholinergic Modulation of Sleep, Growth Hormone and Analgesia in Normal Volunteers.- Cholinergic Systems and Disorders of Carbohydrate Catabolism.- Cholinergic Mechanisms in Schizophrenia, Mania, and Depression.- Physostigmine in the Treatment of Drug Overdose.- Participant List.- Contributor Index.- Author Index.