Case-Based Approximate Reasoning

ISBN-13: 9789048174317 / Angielski / Miękka / 2013 / 372 str.

Eyke Hullermeier; Eyke H. Llermeier

Opis

Case-based reasoning (CBR) has received a great deal of attention in recent years and has established itself as a core methodology in the field of artificial intelligence. The key idea of CBR is to tackle new problems by referring to similar problems that have already been solved in the past. More precisely, CBR proceeds from individual experiences in the form of cases. The generalization beyond these experiences typically relies on a kind of regularity assumption demanding that 'similar problems have similar solutions'. Making use of different frameworks of approximate reasoning and reasoning under uncertainty, notably probabilistic and fuzzy set-based techniques, this book develops formal models of the above inference principle, which is fundamental to CBR. The case-based approximate reasoning methods thus obtained especially emphasize the heuristic nature of case-based inference and aspects of uncertainty in CBR. This way, the book contributes to a solid foundation of CBR which is grounded on formal concepts and techniques from the aforementioned fields. Besides, it establishes interesting relationships between CBR and approximate reasoning, which not only cast new light on existing methods but also enhance the development of novel approaches and hybrid systems. This books is suitable for researchers and practioners in the fields of artifical intelligence, knowledge engineering and knowledge-based systems.

Recenzje

From the reviews:

"In the last years developments were very successful that have been based on the general concept of case-based reasoning. ... will get a lot of attention and for a good while will be the reference for many applications and further research. ... the book can be used as an excellent guideline for the implementation of problem-solving programs, but also for courses in Artificial and Computional Intelligence. Everybody who is involved in research, development and teaching in Artificial Intelligence will get something out of it." (Christian Posthoff, Zentralblatt MATH, Vol. 1119 (21), 2007)

Spis treści

Notation.- 1. Introduction.1.1 Similarity and case-based reasoning.1.2 Objective of this book. 1.3 Overview.- 2. Similarity and Case-Based Inference. 2.1 Model-based and instance-based approaches. 2.2 Similarity-based methods. 2.4 Case-based inference. 2.5 Summary and remarks.- 3. Constraint-Based Modeling of Case-Based Inference. 3.1 Basic concepts. 3.2 Constraint-based inference. 3.3 Case-based approximation. 3.4 Learning similarity hypotheses. 3.5 Application to statistical inference. 3.6 Summary and remarks.- 4. Probabilistic Modeling of Case-Based Inference. 4.1 Basic probabilistic concepts. 4.2 Case-based inference, probabilistic reasoning, and statistical inference. 4.3 Learning probabilistic similarity hypotheses. 4.4 Experiments with regression and label ranking. 4.5 Case-based inference as evidential reasoning. 4.6 Assessment of cases. 4.7 Complex similarity hypotheses. 4.8 Approximate probabilistic inference. 4.9 Summary and remarks.- 5. Fuzzy Set-Based Modeling of Case-Based Inference I. 5.1 Background on possibility theory . 5.2 Fuzzy rule-based modeling of the CBI hypothesis. 5.3 Generalized possibilistic. 5.4 Extensions of the basic model. 5.5 Experimental studies. 5.6 Calibration of CBI models. 5.7 Relations to other fields. 5.8 Summary and remarks. 6.1 Gradual inference rules. 6.2 Certainty rules. 6.3 Cases as information sources. 6.4 Exceptionality and assessment of cases. 6.5 Local rules. 6.6 Summary and remarks.- 7. Case-Based Decision Making. 7.1 Case-based decision theory. 7.2 Nearest Neighbor decisions. 7.4 Fuzzy quantification in act evaluation. 7.5 A CBI framework of CBDM. 7.6 CBDM models: A discussion of selected issues. 7.7 Experience-based decision making. 7.8 Summary and remarks.- 8. Conclusions and Outlook A. Possibilistic Dominance in Qualitative Decisions.- References.