1. Introduction2. Raw Materials and Processes for the Production of Carbon Fiber3. Production of carbon fiber from biowaste and lignin4. Industrial lignin production5. Lignin fiber spinning and conversion to carbon fiber6. Properties of Carbon Fiber7. Recycling of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymers8. Manufacturing of Composites from Recycled Carbon Fiber9. Applications of Carbon Fiber/ Carbon Fiber-reinforced/Plastic Recycled Carbon Fiber- reinforced Polymers10. The Carbon Fiber/ Carbon Fiber-reinforced Plastic Recycled Carbon Fiber reinforced Polymer Market11. Future Directions of the Carbon Fiber Industry12. Future Research on Carbon Fibers