Buried Waste in the Seabed - Acoustic Imaging and Bio-Toxicity: Results from the European Sitar Project

ISBN-13: 9783540281207 / Angielski / Twarda / 2006 / 260 str.

Philippe Blondel; Andrea Caiti

Opis

Buried waste on the seabed is a major source of pollution. But, very often, waste sites are not known until a serious problem occurs, or are not adequately mapped. Recent examples around Europe include WWI and WWII ammunition dump sites (e.g. Beufort Dyke in the UK), dumped nuclear submarines in the Arctic Seas, clandestine or hidden toxic-waste in the Baltic Sea and the North Sea. Even if properly documented, waste sites evolve with time (dumped material can move with currents and tides, especially on a scale of decades; toxic-material barrels can corrode and leak). This book shows the results of a concerted EU-funded effort to tackle this problem and find innovative ways to identify and map toxic waste sites on the seabed, whether they have been covered with sediments or not. These results are applicable to any region on the seabed in the entire world.

Spis treści

Section 1: Methods: 1. Acoustic models for scattering;- 2. The parametric side-scan sonar instrument and synthetic aperture sonar processing;- 3. Multiple Aspect Scattering Measurements;- 4. In situ biotoxicity assessment for nanoinjection technique;- 5. Processing tools for acoustic 3-D images;- 6. Geographical Information Systems for risk assessment of seabed dumping sites; Section 2: Experimental activities: 7. Scaled Multiple-Aspect Scattering Tank Experiments;- 8. Full-scale tank parametric side scan sonar test;- 9. The full-scale sea trial site: environmental background and biological sampling;- 10. Sea trial: organization, planning, instrumentation;- 11. Acoustic imaging: acquisition, processing and quality control; Section 3: Results: 12. Geoacoustic inversion of seabed parameters;- 13. Buried waste localization: the parametric, synthetic aperture, side-scan sonar; 14. Buried waste inspection: acoustical images and inversion from Multiple Aspect Scattering; 15. In situ biotoxicity: results from the nanoinjection technique; 16. 3-D acoustical images analysis and feature extraction; Section 4: Final Evaluation; 17. GIS-based data presentation system;- 18. Biotoxicological method; 19. Acoustical methods

Blurb

Buried waste on the seabed is a major source of pollution. But, very often, waste sites are not known until a serious problem occurs, or are not adequately mapped. Recent examples around Europe include WWI and WWII ammunition dump sites (e.g. Beufort Dyke in the UK), dumped nuclear submarines in the Arctic Seas, clandestine or hidden toxic-waste in the Baltic Sea and the North Sea.. Even if properly documented, waste sites evolve with time (dumped material can move with currents and tides, especially on a scale of decades; toxic-material barrels can corrode and leak). This book shows the results of a concerted EU-funded effort to tackle this problem and find innovative ways to identify and map toxic waste sites ona the seabed, whether they have been covered with sediments or not. These results are applicable to any region on the seabed in the entire world.