Building Performance Analysis

ISBN-13: 9781119341925 / Angielski / Twarda / 2018 / 616 str.

Pieter De Wilde

Opis

Explores and brings together the existent body of knowledge on building performance analysis Building performance is an important yet surprisingly complex concept. This book presents a comprehensive and systematic overview of the subject.

Recenzje

The International Building Performance Simulation Association (IBPSA) was founded to advance and promote the science of building performance simulation in order to improve the design, construction, operation and maintenance of new and existing buildings worldwide. IBPSA recognises the complexity of building performance and the many factors that influence this. This book addresses these issues in detail, unpacking the meaning of building performance analysis by considering its history and current practices. In doing so, it leads the reader to an appreciation of the fundamental importance of building performance analysis and the role it plays at all stages of the life cycle of a building, leading to an emergent theory of building performance analysis in Chapter 11.Along this journey, the book mobilises an extensive quantity of relevant literature on this broad subject, making it an invaluable resource for students at all levels. Each chapter concludes with a list of activities that not only serves as a summary of the material covered but also provides an excellent basis from which to develop student projects and assessments.The book provides a broad range of insights, food for thought and suggestions for how to approach your own building performance analysis. It is hoped that the book will go some way to elucidating the topic, equipping graduates with the knowledge and awareness required to specify, design, procure and operate high performance buildings that deliver high quality indoor environments and low energy consumption.IBPSA is grateful to Professor De Wilde for the many hours he has devoted to bringing this book to fruition and commends it to anyone pursing a detailed knowledge of building performance analysis and its allied disciplines.Professor Malcolm Cook, Loughborough University, UKChair of the IBPSA Publication CommitteeMany disciplines are concerned with aspects of building performance and its analysis. Surprisingly, little work exists that presents a comprehensive and systematic overview of this diverse and growing field. This timely book by Pieter de Wilde, a leading researcher and practitioner of building performance analysis, thus fills a significant gap. The book guides readers through a wide range of topics from theoretical foundations to practical applications. Key concepts, such as performance attributes, performance targets or performance banding, are introduced, as are the methods to measure and evaluate building performance. Topics of both scientific and practical relevance, including decision making under uncertainty or data collection and analysis for improved building operation and control, are reviewed and discussed. Readers will appreciate the comprehensive coverage of relevant research and standards literature, which makes the book particularly valuable as a reference. In summary, this book is highly recommended reading for both novices and experts who are interested in or want to learn more about building performance analysis.Georg Suter, Vienna University of Technology, AustriaIt sometimes is a challenge to write a book to describe the things we always talk about. Dr. de Wilde deals with the important topic of 'building performance'. This sounds easy, but actually the subject is very complex. Yet we must define the meaning of building performance before designing and constructing green buildings, low-carbon buildings or high performance buildings. After a thorough review of state-of-art research on building performance, this book presents an 'emergent theory' of building performance analysis. This book will play an important role in a deeper exploration of this fundamental topic.Wei Tian, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, ChinaOver the last two decades, I have been involved in simulation studies of more than 20 existing buildings in the United States and South Korea, analysing the performance of double skins, HVAC systems (such as the example briefly introduced in Chapter 6 of this book), occupant behaviour, machine learning models for building systems and many others. However, it has never been easy to unambiguously quantify building performance of these cases. For example, how can we 'objectively' quantify the energy/ daylighting/lighting/thermal comfort performance of a double skin system under different orientations and changing indoor and outdoor conditions? The performance of this double skin is dependent on design variables (height, width, depth, glazing type, blind type), controls (angle of blind slats, opening ratio of ventilation dampers usually located at the top and bottom of the double skin), occupant behaviour (lights on/off, windows open/closed), HVAC mode (cooling/heating) and so on. As this example shows, objective performance quantification of a double skin is not an easy task. Moreover, so far there is no established theory or set of principles to help us direct the analysis of building performance at different building and system scales. The general way we presently describe building performance is at best a 'relative' comparison to a baseline case. This book by Professor de Wilde attempts to fill this void and presents an emergent theory of building performance analysis. I have observed for several years how Professor de Wilde has worked hard to complete this invaluable book. I firmly believe that it will contribute as a foundation stone to the area of building performance studies and will support efforts in this field for many years to come.Cheol Soo Park, Sungkyunkwan University, South KoreaAt last, a book that answers the question 'what is building performance?' not by theory alone, but through analytics and impacts on building practice. Pieter de Wilde has crafted a comprehensive compilation of what building performance truly means - from its place in the building life cycle and its relationship to stakeholders - through systems, technologies and the unpredictable occupants who often have the most influence on how buildings perform. The book goes beyond the merely theoretical by demonstrating the analytics, tools and instruments needed to evaluate building performance in practice. The case studies are relevant and specific to the system or technology but also to the appropriate part of the building life cycle. By the end, Pieter de Wilde ties it all together through life cycle phase specific theories for evaluating building performance - design, operation and research. Well written, insightful and a pleasure to read.Dru Crawley, Bentley Systems, USAThis is a long awaited primer for those studying performance, simulation and analysis of buildings. As a subject, building performance analysis borrows from a wide variety of viewpoints and disciplines. This book takes on the difficult task of consolidating these together and goes a step further in articulating the particular nuances of building performance. It is the first book on building performance that goes beyond current trends in research and instead reflects on its foundations, remit and reach. The book is sure to become an essential read for graduate students wanting to grasp the breadth of the subject and its roots. The clearly identified reading list and scenario exercises (activities) at the end of each chapter are fantastic; they help the reader go beyond the text and are particularly valuable for generating discussion sessions for graduate courses.Ruchi Choudhary, University of Cambridge, U

Spis treści

Endorsement by IBPSA ixForeword xiPreface xiiiAcknowledgements xvEndorsements xvii1 Introduction 11.1 Building Performance: Framing, Key Terms and Definition 71.2 Performance in the Building Domain 141.2.1 Development of the Notion of Building Performance 151.2.2 History of Building Codes, Regulations and Rating Schemes 231.2.3 Selected Recent Developments in Building Performance 281.3 Outline of the Book 341.4 Reflections on Building Performance Analysis 371.5 Summary 381.6 Key References 41Part I Foundation 432 Building Performance in Context 452.1 Building Life Cycle 472.2 Stakeholders 502.3 Building Systems 542.4 Building Performance Challenges 582.5 Building Performance Context in Current Practice 642.6 Reflections on the Complexity of the Context 672.7 Summary 682.8 Key References 703 Needs, Functions and Requirements 733.1 Requirement Specification 753.2 Requirement Types 833.3 Functional Requirements 863.4 Building Functions 903.5 Stakeholder World Views 963.6 Building Performance Requirements 993.7 Building Needs, Functions and Requirements in Current Practice 1053.8 Reflections on Building Performance Requirements 1093.9 Summary 1113.10 Key References 114Part II Assessment 1174 Fundamentals of Building Performance 1194.1 Performance: The Interface between Requirements and Systems 1234.2 Quantifying Performance 1284.3 Experimentation and Measurement 1344.4 Building Performance Metrics, Indicators and Measures 1404.4.1 Performance Metrics 1414.4.2 Performance Indicators 1444.4.3 Performance Measures 1544.5 Handling and Combining Building Performance 1574.6 Signs of Performance Issues 1594.7 Building Performance in Current Practice 1614.8 Reflections on Working with Building Performance 1644.9 Summary 1654.10 Key References 1685 Performance Criteria 1715.1 Goals, Targets and Ambitions 1745.2 Benchmarks and Baselines 1825.3 Constraints, Thresholds and Limits 1895.4 Performance Categories and Bands 1945.5 Criteria in Current Practice 1965.6 Reflections on Performance Criteria 1985.7 Summary 1995.8 Key References 2026 Performance Quantification 2056.1 Physical Measurement 2086.1.1 Selected Physical Measurements and Tests 2096.1.2 Standards for Physical Measurement 2286.2 Building Performance Simulation 2346.2.1 Selected Building Simulation Tool Categories 2396.2.2 Validation, Verification and Calibration 2596.3 Expert Judgment 2626.4 Stakeholder Evaluation 2676.5 Measurement of Construction Process Performance 2716.6 Building Performance Quantification in Current Practice 2736.7 Reflections on Quantification Methods 2756.8 Summary 2766.9 Key References 2797 Working with Building Performance 2837.1 Examples: Selected Building Performance Analysis Cases 2857.2 Criterion Development 2937.3 Tool and Instrument Configuration 3107.4 Iterative Analysis 3137.5 Building Performance Analysis in Current Practice 3147.6 Reflections on Working with Building Performance 3187.7 Summary 3197.8 Key References 321Part III Impact 3238 Design and Construction for Performance 3258.1 Performance- Based Design 3288.2 Performance- Based Design Decisions 3438.2.1 Normative Decision Methods 3508.2.2 Naturalistic Decision Making 3538.2.3 Decision-Making Challenges 3558.3 Tools for Performance-Based Design 3568.4 Performance Visualization and Communication 3698.5 Construction for Performance 3748.6 Design and Construction for Performance Challenges 3778.7 Reflections on Designing for Performance 3798.8 Summary 3818.9 Key References 3839 Building Operation, Control and Management 3879.1 Building Performance Management and Control 3909.1.1 Building Automation Systems 3939.1.2 Model-Based Predictive Control 3979.2 Performance Monitoring 3989.2.1 Specialized Monitoring Techniques 4059.2.2 International Performance Measurement and Verification Protocol 4079.3 Fault Detection and Diagnostics 4089.4 Performance Service Companies and Contracts 4139.5 Building Operation, Control and Management Challenges 4179.6 Reflections on Building Automation and Monitoring 4199.7 Summary 4209.8 Key References 42210 High Performance Buildings 42510.1 Existing Definitions for High Performance Buildings 42710.2 Emerging Technologies 43110.3 Smart and Intelligent Buildings 43510.4 High Performance Building Challenges 43710.5 Reflection: A Novel Definition for High Performance Buildings 44010.6 Summary 44210.7 Key References 444Epilogue 44711 Emergent Theory of Building Performance Analysis 44911.1 Observations, Explanations, Principles and Hypotheses 44911.2 Suggested Guidelines for Building Performance Analysis 46011.2.1 Building Performance Analysis During Design 46011.2.2 Building Performance Analysis During Operation 46211.2.3 Building Performance Analysis in Research 46311.3 Future Challenges 46311.4 Closure 465Appendix A: Overview of Building Performance Aspects 467Appendix B: Criterion Development Template 471Appendix C: Tool/Instrument Configuration Checklist 473Appendix D: Measurement Instruments 477Glossary 481Building Performance Abbreviations 487Generic Abbreviations 489List of Figures and Tables 493Symbols and Units 497About the Author 501References: Longlist and Secondary Sources 503Index 589

O autorze

PIETER DE WILDE is Professor of Building Performance Analysis at Plymouth University, UK. His research interests are the design, construction and operation of buildings that perform as expected by all stakeholders. Educated at TU Delft in the Netherlands, he has over 20 years of experience with research projects that involve both building performance simulation and building monitoring. He serves on the Board of the International Building Performance Simulation Association (IBPSA) and the European Group for Intelligent Computing in Engineering (EG–ICE). Professor de Wilde is Fellow of IBPSA and CIBSE, and member of ASHRAE.

Blurb

EXPLORES AND BRINGS TOGETHER THE EXISTENT BODY OF KNOWLEDGE ON BUILDING PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS

Building performance is an important yet surprisingly complex concept. This book presents a comprehensive and systematic overview of the subject. It provides a working definition of building performance, and an in–depth discussion of the role building performance plays throughout the building life cycle. The book also explores the perspectives of various stakeholders, the functions of buildings, performance requirements, performance quantification (both predicted and measured), criteria for success, and the challenges of using performance analysis in practice.

Building Performance Analysis starts by introducing the subject of building performance: its key terms, definitions, history, and challenges. It then develops a theoretical foundation for the subject, explores the complexity of performance assessment, and the way that performance analysis impacts on actual buildings. In doing so, it attempts to answer the following questions: What is building performance? How can building performance be measured and analyzed? How does the analysis of building performance guide the improvement of buildings? And what can the building domain learn from the way performance is handled in other disciplines?

• Assembles the current body of knowledge on building performance analysis in one unique resource
• Offers deep insights into the complexity of using building performance analysis throughout the entire building life cycle, including design, operation and management
• Contributes an emergent theory of building performance and its analysis

Building Performance Analysis will appeal to the building science community, both from industry and academia. It specifically targets advanced students in architectural engineering, building services design, building performance simulation and similar fields who hold an interest in ensuring that buildings meet the needs of their stakeholders.