Boundary Layer Structure: Modeling and Application to Air Pollution and Wind Energy

ISBN-13: 9789400965164 / Angielski / Miękka / 2011 / 483 str.

Hadassah Kaplan; Nathan Dinar

Opis

In this volume, we present the lectures given during the 1984 OHOLO Conference, held in Zichron Yaacov, Israel. The Conference was organized by the Israel Institute for Biological Research, Department of Mathematics, which is involved in Environmental Risk Evaluation, and in Projects Estimating the Potential of Wind Energy. The lectures cover a broad spectrum of mathematical models, ranging from those that deal with the solution of atmospheric conservation equations, and to those models that yield empirical estimates based on real time measure ments and thus are unique to the locale where measured. The goal of the Conference was to allow scientists from various countries to meet and discuss topics of mutual interest, including the following: 1. Structure of the boundary layer - primarily models dealing in the understanding of the various processes of atmospheric energy transfer, and their influence on the size and composition of the boundary 1 ayer. 2. Advanced mathematical techniques for describing flow and diffusion - lectures on approximations and techniques for solving the diffu sion and transport equations. 3. Flow over complex terrain - research into various aspects of the problem - mathematical models, physical models, experimental results. 4. Models of pollution transport and deposition.

Spis treści

Opening Lecture.- Transport and Diffusion in Complex Terrain (Review).- I Boundary Layer Structure.- Some Aspects of the Turbulent Stable Boundary Layer.- Parametric Relations for the Atmospheric Boundary Layer.- Entrainment Effects in the Well-Mixed Atmospheric Boundary Layer.- II Theory and Advanced Mathematical Techniques in Modeling Air Flow and Atmospheric Diffusion.- Second Order Modeling of Turbulent Transport in the Surface Mixed Layer.- Solutions of the Integral Equation of Diffusion and the Random Walk Model for Continuous Plumes and Instantaneous Puffs in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer.- The Random Force Theory: Application to Meso- and Large-Scale Atmospheric Diffusion.- Mass Consistent Models for Wind Distribution in Complex Terrain - Fast Algorithms for Three Dimensional Problems.- Spectral Methods for Atmospheric Diffusion Modeling.- III Wind Distribution in Complex Terrain.- Stratified Airflow over One or Two Hills.- Physical Modelling of Flow and Dispersion over Complex Terrain.- On the Enhanced Smoothing over Topography in Some Mesometeorological Models.- Mesoscale Flow over Complex Terrain - A Field Study in the Lake Kinneret Area.- Experimental and Model Transport and Diffusion Studies in Complex Terrain with Emphasis on Tracer Studies.- The Wind Regime in Coastal Areas with Special Reference to Results Obtained from the Swedish Wind Energy Program.- Wind Energy Estimates by Use of a Diagnostic Model.- IV Dispersion of Pollutants in the Atmosphere and its Deposition on the Surface.- Overwater Dispersion in Coastal Regions.- The Modification of Plume Models to Account for Dry Deposition.- Wind Tunnel Simulation of Diffusion in a Convective Boundary Layer.- V Round-Table Discussion.- Round-Table Discussion.- Announcement.