Body and Practice in Kant

ISBN-13: 9789048170487 / Angielski / Miękka / 2011 / 328 str.

Helge Svare

Opis

Kant is generally conceived to have offered little attention to the fact that we experience the world in and through our bodies. This book argues that this standard image of the great German philosopher is radically wrong. Not only does Kant - throughout his career and in works published before and after the Critique of pure reason - reflect constantly upon the fact that human life is embodied, but the Critique of pure reason itself may be read as a critical reflection aimed at exploring some significant philosophical implications of this fact. Bringing this aspect of Kant's philosophy into focus is important, not only because it sheds new light on our understanding of Kant's work, but also because it is relevant to contemporary discussions in philosophy about embodiment, learning and practice. By taking his philosophy of embodiment into account, the author makes Kant stand out as a true contemporary in new and unexpected ways.

Spis treści

Abbreviatons.- Introduction.- The embodied mind.- Seele, Gemüt and Geist.- Empirical and rational psychology and anthropology.- Some preliminary remarks on Kant's intellectual development.- Living forces.- New elucidation.- Universal natural history.- Maladies of the mind.- Dreams of a spirit-seer.- A crisis?- An embodied empiricism.- Kant's Inaugural dissertation.- A new perspective on the body-mind problem.- Holism in the Critique.- The virtual presence of the mind.- Anthropology.- Conclusion.- Body and space.- The European discussion of space in the 18th century.- Rousseau and space.- Directions in space.- A Copernican position?- Orientation.- Antropology.- Summary.- Rationality and embodied practice.- Practice.- Pragmatism.- The historical origin of Kant's pragmatism.- Rousseau's influence.- Basedow and Crusius.- Kant's theory of the understanding.- Concepts and rules.- Rules and practices.- Learning by doing.- The unconscious employment of the understanding.- Judgments cannot be learned.- Pragmatic priority.- Some modern parallels.- More about Kant's theory of concepts.- Summary.- A short summary of the first part of the book.- The body in the Critique.- The Critique- a brief presentation.- Phases, perspectives and continuities.- Some trends and positions in the interpretation of the Critique.- Transcendental philosophy.- Kant's Copernican perspective.- Some further remarks on the transcendental and the empirical.- Transcendental idealism.- What kind Kant mean?- Spatial experience and the body in the Critique.- A brief remark about the structure of my argument.- The architectonic of the Critique.- The cognitive theory of the Critique.- Synthesis.- The syntheses of imagination.- Apprehension.- Reproduction.- The B-deduction.- Transcendental apperception.- § 26 of the B- deduction.- Problems ofcomparison.- Two versions of the same theory?- Summary.- Spatial schematism.- The production of images.- The construction of geometrical figures.- Mental constructions?- Rossvær's anti-mentalist approach.- Kant's theory of mathematical construction.- Further remarks on the imagination.- Construction and subsumption.- The key argument.- Visual perception.- Schematism in the transcendental deduction.- Degrees of consciousness.- The empirical aspect of apprehension.- Falkenstein's argument concerning intuition and body in the Critique.- The embodied agent.- Summary.- The body and the transcendental.- The transcendental distinction.- The unknown subject.- The temptations of self-consciousness.- The unknown origin of affection.- From the empirical to the transcendental.- Kant's representationalism.- Kant's anti-skepticism.- More about the Kantian notion of a representation.- Summary.- Kant's transcendental epistemology.- The necessary structure of the world.- Problems.- The a priori.- Embodied practice as a condition of experience.- An empirical or a transcendental deduction?- The normativity of practice.- Arithmetic as an a priori synthethic science.- Thinking as practice.- Logic.- Transcendental logic.- The categories are acquired.- Summary.- Quantity.- Transcendental schematism.- Quantity.- The production of time.- Some objections and answers.- The relational categories.- The analogies of experience.- The second analogy.- The third analogy.- Time and the world.- Time measuring practices.- Causality and common sense physics.- Piaget and the cognitive development of the child.- Practice as a condition of experience.- Sensorimotor practices and the relational categories.- Causality and interaction.- Sensorimotor intelligence in the adult.- Objective time revisited.- A very brief remark on transcendental apperception.- The categories of quality and modality.-