Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals: Proceedings of the Nineteenth Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals Held May 4-8. 1997, at Colorad

ISBN-13: 9780896036512 / Angielski / Twarda / 1998 / 1015 str.

Mark Finkelstein; Brian H. Davison

Opis

MARK FINKELSTEIN National Renewable Energy Laboratory BRIAN H. DAVISON Oak Ridge National Laboratory The proceedings of the 19th symposium on Biotechnologyfor Fuels and Chemicals, held in Colorado Springs, Colorado, May 4-8, 1997, had over 200 attendees. This meeting continues to provide a unique forum for the presentation of new applications and recent research advances in the production of fuels and chemicals through biotech nology. The utilization of renewable resources, and in particular cellulosic biomass, has broad implications in today's world of green house gases, global warming, ozone layers, climate change, energy sustainability, and carbon emissions. It also has relevance to the chemical industry's continuing need to both lower current chemi cal production costs and produce novel chemicals. Biotechnology and bioprocessing are now making it possible to convert this bio mass to fuels and chemicals in a commercially attractive fashion. The 19th Symposium captures a wide range of technical topics from an academic, industrial, or government perspective. A vari ety of biomass feedstocks are discussed in Session 1, along with several updated and innovative pretreatment processing approaches. The ability to turn lignocellulosic materials into simple sugars offers great opportunities to generate cost-effective feed stocks to be used in biotechnological processes for the production of fuels and chemicals. Through the advent of genetic engineering, the development of a series of exciting new biocatalysts and microbes were presented in Session 2."

Spis treści

Introduction. Mark Finkelstein and Brian Davison . Session 1: Feedstock Supply and Processing. Introduction to Session 1, Michael R. Ladisch and Lynn Wright . Comparison of SO2 and H2SO4 Impregnation of Softwood Prior to Steam Pretreatment on Ethanol Production, Charlotte Tengborg, Kerstin Stenberg, Mats Galbe, Guido Zacci,* Simona Larsson, Eva Palmqvist, and Barbel Hähn-Hägerdahl . Pretreatment of Softwood by Acid-Catalyzed Steam Explosion Followed by Alkali Extraction, Daniel Schell,* Quang Nguyen, Melvin Tucker, and Brian Boynton . Comparison of Yellow Poplar Pretreatment Between the NREL Digester and Sunds Hydrolyzer, M. P. Tucker,* J. D. Farmer, F. A. Keller, D. J. Schell, and Q. A. Nguyen . Shrinking-Bed Model for Percolation Process Applied to Dilute-Acid Pretreatment/Hydrolysis of Cellulosic Biomass, Rongfu Chen, Zhangwen Wu, and Y. Y. Lee*. Cost Estimates and Sensitivity Analyses for the Ammonia Fiber Explosion Process, Lin Wang, Bruce E. Dale,* Lale Yurttas, and I. Goldwasser. Selective Polarity- and Adsorption-Guided Extraction/Purification of Annona sp. Polar Acetogenins and Biological Assay Against Agricultural Pests, J. D. Fontana,* F. M. Lanças, M. Passos, E. Cappelaro, J. Vilegas, M. Baron, M. Noseda, A. B. Pomîllo, A. Vitale, A. C. Weber, A. A. Maul, W. A. Peres, and L. A. Foerster . Dilute Acid Pretreatment of Softwoods: Scientific Note, Q. A. Nguyen,* M. P. Tucker, B. L. Boynton, F. A. Keller, and D. J. Schell . Pretreatment of Sugarcane Bagasse Hemicellulose Hydrolysate for Xylitol Production by Candida guilliermondii. Lourdes A. Alves,* Maria G. A. Felipe, João B. Almeida E. Silva, Silvio S. Silva, and Arnaldo M. R. Prata. Continuous pH Monitoring During Pretreatment of Yellow Poplar Wood Sawdust by Pressure Cooking in Water, Joseph Weil, Mark Brewer, Richard Hendrickson, Ayda Sarikaya, and Michael R. Ladisch* . Session 2: Applied Biological Research. Introduction to Session 2, Tom Jeffries and Mike Himmel . Fuel EthanolProduction from Corn Fiber: Current Status and Technical Prospects,Badal C. Saha,* Bruce S. Dien, and Rodney J. Bothast. Xylose Reductase Production by Candida guilliermondii, S. M. A. Rosa, M. G. A. Felipe, S. S. Silva, and Michele Vitolo* . Yeast Adaptation of Softwood Prehydrolysate, Fred A. Keller,* Delicia Bates, Ray Ruiz, and Quang Nguyen . Production of Xylitol by Candida mogii from Rice Straw Hydrolysate: Study of Environmental Effects Using Statistical Design, Z. D. V. L. Mayerhoff, I. C. Roberto,* and S. S.Silva. Improving the Fermentation Performance of Recombinant Zymomonas in Acetic Acid-Containing Media, Hugh G. Lawford* and Joyce D. Rousseau . Conditions that Promote the Production of Lactic Acid by Zymomonas mobilis in Batch and Continuous Culture.Hugh G. Lawford* and Joyce D. Rousseau . A Novel Fermentation Pathway in an Escherichia coli Mutant Producing Succinic Acid, Acetic Acid, and Ethanol, Mark I. Donnelly,* Cynthia S. Millard, David P. Clark, Michael J. Chen, and Jerome W. Rathke . Cloned Bacillus subtilis Alkaline Protease (apr A) Gene Showing High Level of Keratinolytic Activity. Taha I. Zaghloul . Isolation, Identification, and Keratinolytic Activity of Several Feather-Degrading Bacterial Isolates,Taha I. Zaghloul,* M. Al-Bahra, and H. Al-Azmeh. Acetamide Degradation by a Continuous-Fed Batch CultureBacillus Sphaericus, F. Ramirez, O. Monroy,* E. Favela, J. P. Guyot, and F. Cruz . Use of Hemicellulose Hydrolysate for b-Glucosidase Fermentation, K. Réczey, A. Brumbauer, M. Bollók, Zs. Szengyel,* and G. Zacchi . Production of a Novel Pyranose 2-Oxidase by the Basidiomycete Trametes multicolor, Christian Leitner, Dietmar Haltrich,* Bernd Nidetzky, Hansjörg Prillinger, Klaus D. Kulbe . Broad Spectrum and Mode of Action of an Antibiotic Produced by Scytonema sp. TISTR 8208 in a Seaweed-Type Bioreactor,Aparat Chetsumon, Fusako Umeda, Isamu Maeda, Kiyohito Yagi,* Tadashi Mizoguchi, and Yoshiharu Miura .

Blurb

In Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals, based on the 19th Symposium, held in Colorado Springs, CO, May 4-8, 1997, leading researchers from academia, industry, and government present their new applications and cutting-edge research advances in the production of fuels and chemicals through biotechnology. The focus of the proceeding was on the utilization of renewable resources, particularly cellulosic biomass.

Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals covers a wide range of technical topics. Among the high points are innovative pretreatment processes that can turn lignocellulosic materials into simple sugars, the development of exciting new biocatalysts and microbes, new reactor designs, and inventive conversion processes. Also discussed are a number of microbes and plants that have been genetically modified to perform novel bioconversions to produce enzymes and key chemical intermediates. The meeting clearly demonstrated that biotechnology and bioprocessing can make it possible to convert cellulosic biomass into fuels and chemicals in a commercially attractive fashion.