Biomimetic Research for Architecture and Building Construction: Biological Design and Integrative Structures

ISBN-13: 9783319835044 / Angielski / Miękka / 2018 / 408 str.

Knippers, Jan

Opis

This book comprises a first survey of the Collaborative Research Center SFB-TRR 141 'Biological Design and Integrative Structures - Analysis, Simulation and Implementation in Architecture', funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft since October 2014. The SFB-TRR 141 provides a collaborative framework for architects and engineers from the University of Stuttgart, biologists and physicists from the University of Freiburg and geoscientists and evolutionary biologists from the University of Tübingen. The programm is conceptualized as a dialogue between the disciplines and is based on the belief that that biomimetic research has the potential to lead everyone involved to new findings far beyond his individual reach. During the last few decades, computational methods have been introduced into all fields of science and technology. In architecture, they enable the geometric differentiation of building components and allow the fabrication of porous or fibre-based materials with locally adjusted physical and chemical properties. Recent developments in simulation technologies focus on multi-scale models and the interplay of mechanical phenomena at various hierarchical levels. In the natural sciences, a multitude of quantitative methods covering diverse hierarchical levels have been introduced. These advances in computational methods have opened a new era in biomimetics: local differentiation at various scales, the main feature of natural constructions, can for the first time not only be analysed, but to a certain extent also be transferred to building construction. Computational methodologies enable the direct exchange of information between fields of science that, until now, have been widely separated. As a result they lead to a new approach to biomimetic research, which, hopefully, contributes to a more sustainable development in architecture and building construction.

Spis treści

  

1. Biomimetic Research: a Dialogue Between the Disciplines

Jan Knippers, Thomas Speck and Klaus G. Nickel

2. From Minimal Surfaces to Integrative Structures – The SFB-TRR 141 in the Light of the Legacy of Frei Otto and the SFB 230 ‘Natürliche Konstruktionen’

Jan Knippers

3. Bionics and Biodiversity – Bio-inspired Technical Innovation for a Sustainable Future

Wilhelm Barthlott, M. Daud Rafiqpoor and Walter R. Erdelen

4. Insect-Inspired Architecture – Insects and other arthropods as a source for creative design in architecture

Stanislav N. Gorb and Elena V. Gorb

5. In Search of some Principles of Bio-Mimetics in Structural Engineering

Bill Addis

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6. Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transport in Frost-Resistant Plant Tissues

Lukas Eurich, Rena Schott, Arndt Wagner, Anita Roth-Nebelsick and Wolfgang Ehlers

7. Plants and Animals as Source of Inspiration for Energy Dissipation in Load Bearing Systems and Facades

Katharina Klang, Georg Bauer, Nicu Toader, Christoph Lauer, Kathrin Termin, Stefanie Schmier, Daria Kovaleva, Walter Haase, Christoph Berthold, Klaus G. Nickel, Thomas Speck and Werner Sobek

8. Adaptive Stiffness and Joint-Free Kinematics – Actively Actuated Rod-Shaped Structures in Plants and Animals and their Biomimetic Potential in Architecture and Engineering

Oliver Betz, Annette Birkhold, Marco Caliaro, Benjamin Eggs, Anja Mader, Jan Knippers, Oliver Röhrle and Olga Speck

9. Compliant Mechanisms in Plants and Architecture

Simon Poppinga, Axel Körner, Renate Sachse, Larissa Born, Anna Westermeier, Linnea Hesse, Jan Knippers, Manfred Bischoff, Götz Gresser and Thomas Speck

10. Branched Structures in Plants and Architecture

Larissa Born, Florian A. Jonas, Katharina Bunk, Tom Masselter, Thomas Speck, Jan Knippers and Götz T. Gresser

11. The Skeleton of the Sand Dollar as a Biological Role Model for Segmented Shells in Building Construction: a Research Review 

Tobias B. Grun, Layla Koohi, Tobias Schwinn, Daniel Sonntag, Malte von Scheven, Manfred Bischoff, Jan Knippers, Achim Menges and James H. Nebelsick

12. Continuous Fused Deposition Modelling of Architectural Envelopes Based on the Shell Formation of Molluscs: a Research Review

James H. Nebelsick, Christoph Allgaier, Benjamin Felbrich, Daniel Coupek, Renate Reiter, Günter Reiter, Achim Menges, Armin Lechler and Karl-Heinz Wurst

13. Analysis of Physcomitrella Chloroplasts to Reveal Adaption Principles Leading to Structural Stability at the Nano-Scale

Pouyan Asgharzadeh, Bugra Özdemir, Stefanie J. Müller, Oliver Röhrle and Ralf Reski

14. Developing the Experimental Basis for an Evaluation of Scaling Properties of Brittle and "Quasi-Brittle" Biological Materials

Stefanie Schmier, Christoph Lauer, Immanuel Schäfer, Katharina Klang,  Georg Bauer, Marc Thielen, Kathrin Termin, Christoph Berthold,  Siegfried Schmauder, Thomas Speck and Klaus Nickel

15. Evolutionary Processes as Models for Exploratory Design

Long Nguyen, Daniel Lang, Nico van Gessel, Anna K. Beike, Achim Menges, Ralf Reski and Anita Roth-Nebelsick

16. Fabrication of Biomimetic and Biologically Inspired (Modular) Structures for Use in the Construction Industrie

Daniel Coupek, Daria Kovaleva, Hans Christoph, Karl-Heinz Wurst, Alexander Verl, Werner Sobek, Walter Haase, Götz Gresser and Armin Lechler

17. Structural Design with Biological Methods: Optimality, Multi-Functionality and Robustness

Debdas Paul, Layla Koohi Fayegh Dehkordi, Malte von Scheven, Manfred Bischoff and Nicole Radde

18. Bio-Inspired Sustainability Assessment – a Conceptual Framework

Rafael Horn, Johannes Gantner, Ludmila Widmer, Klaus Peter Sedlbauer and Olga Speck

19. Making Life “Visible”: Organism Concepts in Biology and Architecture as the Basis for an Interdisciplinary Synopsis of Constructional Biomimetics

Gerd de Bruyn, Oliver Betz, James H. Nebelsick, Manfred Drack, Mirco Limpinsel

20. Perceptual Orientation and Spatial Navigation in Dense Urban Environments

Patrik Schumacher

O autorze

Jan Knippers (corresponding editor), University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany 

Klaus G. Nickel, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany

Thomas Speck, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany