Biofertilizers: Study and Impact

ISBN-13: 9781119724674 / Angielski / Twarda / 2021 / 688 str.

Inamuddin

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Preface xxi1 Biofertilizer Utilization in Forestry 1Wendy Ying Ying Liu and Ranjetta Poobathy1.1 Introduction 21.2 Mechanisms of Actions of Biofertilizers 31.2.1 Facilitation of N Acquisition 31.2.1.1 Mutualistic N2 Fixation 41.2.1.2 Non-Symbiotic N2 Fixation 51.2.2 Facilitation of P Acquisition 51.2.2.1 Phosphate Solubilizing Microorganisms 61.2.2.2 Mycorrhizas 71.2.3 Potassium Solubilization 81.2.4 Production of Siderophores 91.2.5 Modulation of Phytohormones 101.2.6 Phytoprotection 121.3 Factors Influencing the Outcome of Forestry-Related Biofertilizer Applications 131.4 Applications of Biofertilizers in Forestry 161.5 Conclusion and Future Prospects 18References 202 Impact of Biofertilizers on Horticultural Crops 39Clement Kiing Fook Wong and Chui-Yao Teh2.1 Introduction 402.2 Microbial Strains Used in Biofertilizers 412.3 Impact of Biofertilizer Application on Horticultural Crops 412.3.1 Increased Yield and Quality of Crops 412.3.1.1 Vegetable Crops 442.3.1.2 Fruit Crops 462.3.1.3 Ornamental Plants 482.3.2 Enhanced Nutritional Content of Produce 492.3.2.1 Mineral-Biofortified Crops 492.3.2.2 Enhanced Secondary Metabolites 502.3.2.3 Improved Vitamin Content 512.3.3 Improved Tolerance Against Biotic Stress 522.3.3.1 Fungal and Bacterial Pathogens 522.3.3.2 Viral Pathogens 562.3.3.3 Insect Pests 582.3.3.4 Nematodes 612.3.3.5 Weeds 642.3.4 Improved Tolerance Against Abiotic Stress 652.3.4.1 Drought 662.3.4.2 Salinity 682.3.4.3 Heavy Metal 702.3.4.4 Cold Stress 712.3.4.5 Heat Stress 732.3.5 Improved Vegetative Propagation Efficiency 732.3.5.1 Propagation by Cuttings 732.3.5.2 Grafting 742.4 Future Perspectives and Challenges Ahead 752.5 Conclusion 79References 793 N2 Fixation in Biofertilizers 105Rekha Sharma, Sapna Nehra and Dinesh Kumar3.1 Introduction 1063.2 Biofertilizers 1083.2.1 Origin 1083.3 Biofertilizer: Transporter Constituents 1083.4 Mechanism of Actions of Biofertilizers 1093.5 Biochemistry of Manufacture of Biofertilizer 1093.6 Benefits of Biofertilizer Over Biochemical Fertilizers 1103.7 Variances Among Organic and Biofertilizer 1113.8 Types of Biofertilizers 1113.9 Microorganisms Utilized to Make Biofertilizer 1113.10 Microorganism in Nitrogen Fixation 1133.10.1 Biofertilizers: Symbiotic N-Fixers 1133.10.2 Biofertilizers: Free Living N-Fixers 1143.10.3 Biofertilizers: Associative Symbiotic N-Fixers 1143.11 Phosphorus Solubilizing Microbes 1153.12 Conclusion and Future Prospect 115Acknowledgments 116Abbreviations 116References 1174 Organic Farming by Biofertilizers 121Anuradha and Jagvir Singh4.1 Introduction 1224.2 Biofertilizers 1234.2.1 Benefits of Biofertilizers 1264.2.2 Method of Biofertilizer Application 1264.2.2.1 Seed Treatment 1264.2.2.2 Seedling Treatment 1274.2.2.3 Setts and Tuta Treatment 1274.2.2.4 Soil Treatment 1274.2.3 Precautions During Application of Biofertilizers 1274.3 Classification of Biofertilizers 1284.3.1 Nitrogen Fixer Bacteria 1284.3.1.1 Commercial Applications 1294.3.2 Cyanobacteria as Biofertilizers 1304.3.2.1 Commercial Applications 1304.3.2.2 Factors Affecting Cyanobacteria Biofertilizer 1314.3.3 Mycorrhiza as Biofertilizers 1314.3.3.1 Ectotrophic Mycorrhiza 1324.3.3.2 Endotrophic Mycorrhiza 1324.3.3.3 Changes in Mineral Compounds 1334.3.3.4 Manure Value and Its Importance 1334.3.4 Azolla as Biofertilizer 1344.3.5 Vermicompost 1354.3.5.1 Method of Vermicompost 1354.4 Organic Farming 1364.4.1 Objectives of Organic Farming 1364.4.2 Benefits of Organic Farming 1364.4.3 Benefit for Environment 1374.4.4 Methods of Organic Farming 1374.4.5 Techniques for Organic Farming 1374.4.5.1 Crop Diversity 1384.4.5.2 Soil Management 1384.4.5.3 Weed Management 1384.5 Traditional Agriculture vs. Organic and Inorganic Farming 1394.5.1 Problems Created by Traditional Farming 1394.6 Reasons for Doing Organic Farming 1404.6.1 To Save Soil Health 1404.6.2 To Preserve Nutrients 1414.6.3 To Reduce the Cost of Agriculture 1414.6.4 To Prevent Hazardous Elements in Animal Products 1414.6.5 To Protect the Environment 1414.6.6 Natural and Good Taste 1424.7 Advantage of Organic Farming 1424.7.1 Good Nutrition 1424.7.2 Good Health 1424.7.3 Freedom From Poison 1424.7.4 Less Money 1434.7.5 Great Taste 1434.7.6 Environmental Safety 1434.8 Disadvantages of Organic Farming 1434.8.1 Lack of Information 1434.8.2 Lack of Outline 1434.8.3 Making More Money in the Beginning 1444.9 Conclusion 144Acknowledgement 144References 1445 Phosphorus Solubilizing Microorganisms 151Rafig Gurbanov, Berkay Kalkanci, Hazel Karadag and Gizem Samgane5.1 Phosphorus Pollution 1525.2 Phosphate Solubilization 1535.3 Microbial Mechanisms of Phosphate Solubilization 1555.3.1 Organic Phosphate Solubilization 1565.3.2 Inorganic Phosphate Solubilization 1565.4 Phosphate-Solubilizing Bacteria 1585.5 Phosphate-Solubilizing Fungi 1605.5.1 Phosphate-Solubilizing Fungi as Plant Growth Promoters 1625.5.2 The Methods of using Phosphate-Solubilizing Fungi in Agriculture 1645.6 Bacteria-Fungi Consortium for Phosphate Solubilization 1655.7 Conclusions 167References 1676 Exophytical and Endophytical Interactions of Plants and Microbial Activities 183A. Mbotho, D. Selikane, J.S. Sefadi and M.J. Mochane6.1 Introduction 1846.2 Beneficial Interactions 1856.2.1 Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi 1866.2.2 Plant Growth-Promoting Microorganisms 1896.2.3 Rhizobia 1936.2.4 Endophytes 1946.3 Pathogenic (Harmful) Interactions 1946.3.1 Oomycetes 1956.3.2 Fungi 1986.3.3 Bacteria 1996.3.4 Viruses 2006.4 Conclusion 203References 2047 Biofertilizer Formulations 211Sana Saif, Zeeshan Abid, Muhammad Faheem Ashiq, Muhammad Altaf and Raja Shahid AshrafList of Abbreviations 2127.1 Introduction 2127.1.1 Evolution of Biofertilizers 2127.1.2 Biofertilizers: A Sustainable Approach 2137.2 Biofertilizer Formulations 2157.2.1 Selection of Strain 2157.2.1.1 Microbial Strains 2157.3 Types of Formulations 2277.3.1 Carrier-Based/Powder Formulations 2307.3.1.1 Selection of Carrier Material 2307.3.1.2 Sterilization of Carrier 2357.3.2 Granular Formulations 2367.3.3 Liquid Formulations 2367.3.3.1 Inoculant Preparation 2377.3.3.2 Common Additives 2387.3.4 Cell Immobilization 2397.3.4.1 Polymer Entrapped Formulations 2397.3.4.2 Advantages and Constrains 2437.3.5 Fluid Bed-Dried Formulation 2437.3.6 Mycorrhizal Formulations 2447.4 Stickers 2467.5 Additives 2467.6 Packaging 2467.7 Conclusion 247References 2478 Scoping the Use of Transgenic Microorganisms as Potential Biofertilizers for Sustainable Agriculture and Environmental Safety 257Vasavi Rama Karri and Nirmala Nalluri8.1 Introduction 2588.2 Role of Nitrogen in Plant Growth and Development 2608.2.1 Microorganisms Involved in Nitrogen Fixation 2608.3 Importance of Phosphorus 2618.3.1 Microbes Involved in Phosphate Solubilization 2628.3.2 Reducing the pH of Soil 2628.3.3 Mineralization 2638.3.4 Chelation 2638.3.5 Promotion of Plant Growth by PSMs 2638.3.6 Approach of Using PSMs as Biofertilizer and the Future Perspective 2648.4 Significance of Potassium (K) 2658.4.1 Microorganisms Involved in Potassium Hydrolyzation 2658.4.2 Effect of KSB on Plant Growth and Yield 2668.4.3 Abilities and Objections of K Solubilizing Bacteria 2668.5 Biofertilizers Used in Agriculture 2678.5.1 Mycorrhiza 2688.5.2 Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) 2688.6 Role of Biotechnology in Agricultural Sector 2688.6.1 Development of Potent Microbial Strains Through Genetic Engineering Approach to Produce Efficient Biofertilizers 2698.6.2 Genetically Altered Transgenic Azotobacter vinelandii as an Effective Diazotrophs Biofertilizer 2708.6.3 Phytostimuators and Biofertilizers 2718.6.4 Azospirillum 2728.6.5 Generation of Genetically Modified Transgenic Azospirillum Strains With Enhanced Levels of Phytoharmone Secretion 2748.6.6 Development of Rhizobium Strains With Increased Competitiveness by Genetic Modification 2758.6.7 Effect of GM Rhizobial strains on Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) Fungi 2788.6.8 Release of Genetically Manipulated Rhizobium for Field Trails 2798.7 Conclusion 280Acknowledgements 281References 2819 Biofertilizer Utilization in Agricultural Sector 293Osikemekha Anthony Anani, Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji, Osayomwanbo Osarenotor and Inamuddin9.1 Introduction 2949.2 Application of Biofertilizer as Bioaugmentation Agent for Bioremediation of Heavily Polluted Soil 2959.3 Advantages of Biofertilizer in Comparison With Synthetic Fertilizer 2969.4 Specific Examples of a Biofertilizer for Crop Improvement in Agricultural Sector 2989.5 Management of Biotic and Abiotic Stress 3019.6 Combinatory Effect of Biofertilizer With Other Substance and Their Effect on Crops 3039.7 Conclusion and Recommendation to Knowledge 305References 30610 Azospirillum: A Salient Source for Sustainable Agriculture 309Rimjim Gogoi, Sukanya Baruah and Jiban Saikia10.1 Introduction 30910.1.1 The Genus Azospirillum 31110.1.2 Properties of Azospirillum spp. 31210.1.2.1 Chemotaxis 31210.1.2.2 Aerotaxis 31310.1.2.3 Formation of Cysts and Aggregates or Flocs 31310.1.2.4 Survivability in Rhizosphere and Bulk Soil 31410.1.2.5 Competition With Other Soil Microorganisms 31610.1.2.6 Association With Plant Roots 31610.2 Azospirillum and Induction of Stimulatory Effects for Promoting Plant Growth 31810.3 Applications in Various Fields 32010.4 Current Status 32410.5 Challenges in Large-Scale Commercial Applications of Azospirillum Inoculants 32710.6 Programs Employed for Enhanced Applications of Azospirillum Inoculants 32810.7 Conclusion and Future Prospects 329References 33011 Actinomycetes: Implications and Prospects in Sustainable Agriculture 335V. Shanthi11.1 Introduction 33611.2 Role in Maintaining Soil Fertility 33811.2.1 Nitrogen Fixation 33811.2.2 Phosphate Solubilization 34011.2.3 Potassium Solubilization 34211.3 Role in Maintaining Soil Ecology 34211.4 Role as Biocontrol Agents 34511.4.1 Production of Antibiotics 34611.4.2 Production of Siderophores 34811.4.3 Production of Hydrogen Cyanide 34911.4.4 Production of Lytic Enzymes 34911.5 Role as Plant Stress Busters 35111.5.1 Resistance From Heavy Metal Toxicity 35211.5.2 Resistance Against Drought/Water Deficit 35411.5.3 Resistance Toward Salinity 35511.6 Conclusion 35511.7 Future Perspectives 356References 35712 Influence of Growth Pattern of Cyanobacterial Species on Biofertilizer Production 371Jasti Tejaswi, Kaligotla Venkata Subrahmanya Anirudh, Lalitha Rishika Majeti, Viswanatha Chaitanya Kolluru and Rajesh K. Srivastava12.1 Introduction 37112.2 Habit and Habitat of Cyanobacteria 37312.3 Morphology and Mode of Reproduction 37312.4 Role of a Fertilizer in Plant Growth 37512.4.1 Synthetic Fertilizers 37612.4.2 Organic Fertilizers 37712.4.3 Biofertilizer 37712.5 Cyanobacteria as Biofertilizer 37912.6 Production of Cyanobacteria 38112.7 Methods for In Vitro Culture of Cyanobacteria 38212.7.1 Macro- and Microelements 38212.7.2 Temperature 38312.7.3 Light and Cell Density 38312.7.4 Media 38312.8 Methods for Gene Transfer into Cyanobacteria 38412.8.1 DNA-Mediated Transformation 38512.8.2 Electroporation 38512.8.3 Conjugation 38612.8.4 Biolistic Method 38612.9 Conclusion and Future Prospects 38612.10 Abbreviations 387References 38813 Biofertilizers Application in Agriculture: A Viable Option to Chemical Fertilizers 393Rajesh K. Srivastava13.1 Introduction 39413.2 Chemical Fertilizer 39713.2.1 Customized Fertilizers 40013.2.2 Fortified Fertilizer 40013.3 Biofertilizers 40013.3.1 Biocompost 40313.3.2 Trichocard 40413.3.3 Trichocard Production 40513.3.4 Azotobacter 40513.3.5 Phosphorus 40613.3.6 Vermicompost 40613.4 Conclusion 40813.5 Abbreviations 408References 40814 Quality Control of Biofertilizers 413Swati Agarwal, Sonu Kumari and Suphiya Khan14.1 Introduction 41314.2 Biofertilizer Requirement and Supply 41414.3 Process of Biofertilizer Quality Control 41614.4 Requirement of Quality Control 41714.5 Standards for Biofertilizers Quality Control 41914.6 Methods for Quality Testing 42114.6.1 Microbiological Methods 42214.6.2 Serological Methods 42214.6.3 Molecular Methods 42314.7 Conclusion 423Acknowledgement 423References 42415 Biofertilizers: Characteristic Features and Applications 429Tanushree Chakraborty and Nasim Akhtar15.1 Introduction 43015.2 Types of Biofertilizers 43015.3 Characteristic Features and Applications of Biofertilizers 43115.3.1 Cyanobacteria Biofertilizer 43115.3.2 Actinomycetes 43515.3.3 Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. Trifolii 43615.3.4 Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) 43615.3.5 Bacillus thuringiensis 43715.3.6 Microalgae 43815.4 Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB) and Fungus (PSF) 43815.4.1 Azotobacter 43915.4.2 Azospirillum 44015.4.3 Paenibacillus 44015.4.4 Phyllosphere Associated Methylobacterium 44115.4.5 MO Plus Biofertilizer 44115.5 Effect of Biofertilizer on Various Plants (Experimental Design) 44215.5.1 Azotobacter spp. (AZT) and Azospirillum spp. (AZP) on Eucalyptus grandis 44215.5.2 Bradyrhizobium Strains and Streptomyces griseoflavus on Some Leguminous, Cereal, and Vegetable Crops 44315.5.3 Rhizobium and Rhizobacteria on Trifolium repens 44415.5.4 Arbuscular Mycorrhizal and Phosphate Solubilizing Fungi on Coffee Plants 44515.5.5 Glutamicibacter halophytocola KLBMP 5180on Tomato Seedlings 44615.6 Screening of Microbes for Biofertilizer 44715.6.1 Screening for Phosphate Solubilization 44715.6.2 Screening for Potassium Solubilizing 44715.6.3 Screening for Nitrogen-Fixing 44815.6.4 Screening for Zinc Solubilization 44815.6.5 Screening for Ammonia Production 44815.6.6 Screening for Hydrogen Cyanide (HCN) Production 44815.6.7 Screening for Siderophores 44815.6.8 Screening for Auxin Production 44915.6.9 Screening for Gibberellic Acid Production 44915.6.10 Screening for Production of Chitinase 44915.7 Limitations of Biofertilizers 44915.8 Success of Biofertilizer 45015.9 Debottlenecking 45315.10 Optimization of Biofertilizer 45615.10.1 Optimization of Phosphate Solubilization 45615.11 Concomitant of Biofertilizer 45815.12 New Approach 45815.13 Conclusion and Future Prospects 459References 46016 Fabrication Approaches for Biofertilizers 491Andrew N. Amenaghawon, Chinedu L. Anyalewechi and Heri Septya Kusuma16.1 Introduction 49216.2 Biofertilizers 49216.3 Types of Biofertilizers 49316.3.1 Nitrogen-Fixing Biofertilizers 49316.3.1.1 Rhizobium 49416.3.1.2 Azospirillum 49416.3.1.3 Azotobacter 49516.3.2 Phosphorus-Solubilizing Biofertilizers 49516.3.3 Phosphate-Mobilizing Biofertilizer (Mycorrhizae) 49616.3.4 Potassium Biofertilizer 49716.3.5 Growth-Promoting Biofertilizers 49716.3.6 Blue-Green Algae (Cyanobacteria) 49816.4 Preparation Approaches for Biofertilizers 49916.4.1 Inoculant Formulation 49916.4.2 Carriers for Biofertilizer Preparation 50016.4.2.1 Sterilized Carriers 50016.4.3 Carrier Form 50116.5 Methods of Biofertilizer Formulation 50116.5.1 Solid-Based Carrier Bioformulation 50116.5.1.1 Peat Formulations 50216.5.2 Liquid Inoculants Formulation 50316.5.3 Polymer-Based Formulation 50416.5.3.1 Alginate Formulations 50416.5.4 Fluidized Bed Dried Formulation 50416.5.5 Particles From Gas Saturated Solutions (PGSS) Method 50516.5.6 Bionanoformulations 50516.6 Application Modes for Biofertilizers 50616.6.1 Seed Treatment 50616.6.2 Seedling Root Dipping 50616.6.3 Soil Application 50716.7 Factors Affecting the Preparation of Biofertilizers 50716.8 Beneficial Effects of Biofertilizers 50816.9 Challenges and Limitations of Biofertilizers 50916.10 Future Prospects 50916.11 Conclusion 510References 51117 Biofertilizers From Waste 517Rafaela Basso Sartori, Ihana Aguiar Severo, Álisson Santos de Oliveira, Paola Lasta, Leila Queiroz Zepka and Eduardo Jacob-Lopes17.1 Introduction 51817.2 Waste Sources 51917.3 Technologies for Waste Treatment 52117.3.1 Conventional Technologies 52117.3.2 Emerging Technologies 52217.3.2.1 Nutrients Recovery From Wastes by Microalgae 52317.3.2.2 Overall Process Operations 52617.4 Main Applications of Microalgae Biofertilizers 52817.4.1 Fertility and Soil Quality 52817.4.1.1 Nitrogen Fixation 52817.4.1.2 Carbon Sequestration 52917.4.1.3 Soil Organic Matter, Improvement, and Recovery 53017.4.2 Promotion of Plant Growth, Disease, and Pest Control 53117.4.2.1 Plant Colonization and Hormone Production 53117.4.2.2 Disease and Pest Control 53217.5 Conclusion and Recommendations 532References 53318 Biofertilizers Industry Profiles in Market 541Kashish Gupta18.1 Biofertilizers and Biofertilizer Technology 54118.1.1 Benefits of Different Biofertilizers 54218.2 Limitations in Usage of Biofertilizers 54318.3 Biofertilizer Market Segments 54418.4 Biofertilizers Market Drivers in India 54618.5 Present Scenario of Biofertilizer Market 54718.6 Key Players of Biofertilizers in Indian Market 54918.7 Problems in Promotion of Biofertilizer 55018.8 Popular Marketed Biofertilizers in Indian Market 55318.9 Recent Trends in Biofertilizer: Liquid Biofertilizer 55418.9.1 Specialties of Liquid Biofertilizer 55418.10 Conclusion and Future Scope 555References 55619 Case Study on Biofertilizer Utilization in African Continents 561Osikemekha Anthony Anani and Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji19.1 Introduction 56219.2 Specific Examples of Biofertilizer for Crop Improvement, Environmental Bioremediation, and Their Advantages and Challenges in Africa 56319.3 Conclusion and Future Recommendations 570References 57020 Biofertilizers: Prospects and Challenges for Future 575Tanushree Chakraborty and Nasim Akhtar20.1 Introduction 57620.2 Definition 57920.2.1 Helper Bacteria 57920.2.2 The Point of Difference 58020.3 Advances in Biofertilizer 58020.4 Preparation of Biofertilizer 58120.5 The Carrier Materials 58120.6 Production System of Biofertilizer 58220.7 Mechanism of Growth-Promoting Activity of Biofertilizers 58320.8 Advantages and Limitations 58420.9 Future Aspects 58420.10 Conclusion 585References 58621 Biofertilizers: Past, Present, and Future 591Mukta Sharma and Manoj Sharma21.1 Introduction 59221.2 Biofertilizer: A Brief History 59321.3 Biofertilizer Classification 59421.4 Different Paradigms of Biofertilizers 59621.4.1 Impregnation of Fertilizers and Fertilizer Use Efficiency 59621.4.2 Inoculants of Mixtures of Microorganisms 59721.4.3 Different Formulations of Inoculants 59721.4.4 Inoculant Carrier 59821.4.5 Biofertilizer Carriers and Liquid Formulations 59921.4.6 Controlled Release Techniques: Encapsulation, Lyophilization, and Drying 60021.5 Biofertilizers: Current Status 60121.6 Biofertilizers: Future Paradigm 60121.7 Conclusion 602References 60322 Algal Biofertilizer 607Muhammad Mudassir Iqbal, Gulzar Muhammad, Muhammad Shahbaz Aslam, Muhammad Ajaz Hussain, Zahid Shafiq and Haseeba Razzaq22.1 Introduction 60822.2 Algae and Algal Biofertilizers 60922.2.1 Algae is a Polyphyletic Functional Group 60922.2.2 Multifaceted Role of Algal Biofertilizer in Sustainable Cultivation 61022.2.3 Biostimulants From Algae 61222.3 Techniques of Application of Algal Biofertilizer 61322.3.1 Algal Extracts as Biofertilizer 61322.3.2 Addition of Algal Strains and Algal Biofertilizer to Soil 61922.4 Cultivation of Algae and Production of Algal Biofertilizer 62522.5 Conclusion 630References 630Index 637

O autorze

Inamuddin, PhD, is an assistant professor at the Department of Applied Chemistry, Zakir Husain College of Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India. He has extensive research experience in analytical chemistry, materials chemistry, electrochemistry, renewable energy, and environmental science. He has worked on different research projects funded by various government agencies and universities and is the recipient of multiple awards, including the Fast Track Young Scientist Award and the Young Researcher of the Year Award for 2020, from Aligarh Muslim University. He has published almost 200 research articles in various international scientific journals, 18 book chapters, and 120 edited books with multiple well-known publishers.Mohd Imran Ahamed, PhD, is a research associate in the Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India. He has published several research and review articles in various international scientific journals and has co-edited multiple books. His research work includes ion-exchange chromatography, wastewater treatment, and analysis, bending actuator and electrospinning.Rajender Boddula, PhD, is currently working for the Chinese Academy of Sciences President's International Fellowship Initiative (CAS-PIFI) at the National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST, Beijing). His academic honors include multiple fellowships and scholarships, and he has published many scientific articles in international peer-reviewed journals. He is also serving as an editorial board member and a referee for several reputed international peer-reviewed journals. He has published edited books with numerous publishers and has authored over twenty book chapters.Mashallah Rezakazemi, PhD, received his doctorate from the University of Tehran (UT) in 2015. In his first appointment, he served as associate professor in the Faculty of Chemical and Materials Engineering at Shahrood University of Technology. He has co-authored in more than 140 highly cited journal publications, conference articles and book chapters. He has received numerous major awards and grants from various funding agencies in recognition of his research. Notable among these are Khwarizmi Youth Award from the Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), and the Outstanding Young Researcher Award in Chemical Engineering from the Academy of Sciences of Iran. He was named a top 1% most Highly Cited Researcher by Web of Science (ESI).