Bioethics: An Anthology

ISBN-13: 9781119635116 / Angielski / Miękka / 2021 / 944 str.

Udo Schuklenk; Helga Kuhse; Peter Singer

Spis treści

AcknowledgementsIntroductionPart I AbortionIntroduction1. Abortion and Infanticide - Michael Tooley2. A Defense of Abortion - Judith Jarvis Thomson3. The Wrong of Abortion - Patrick Lee and Robert George4. Why Abortion is Immoral - Don MarquisPart II Issues in ReproductionIntroductionAssisted Reproduction5. Multiple Gestation and Damaged Babies: God's Will or Human Choice? - Greg Pence6. The Meaning of Synthetic Gametes for Gay and Lesbian People and Bioethics too - Timothy Murphy7. Rights, Interests and Possible People - Derek ParfitPrenatal Screening, Sex Selection and Cloning8. Genetics and Reproductive Risk: Can Having Children Be Immoral? - Laura M. Purdy9 Sex Selection and Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis - The Ethics Committee of the American Society of Reproductive Medicine10. Sex Selection and Preimplantation Diagnosis: A Response to the Ethics Committee of the American Society of Reproductive Medicine - Julian Savulescu and Edgar Dahl11. Why We Should Not Permit Embryos to be Selected as Tissue Donors - David King12. The Moral Status of Human Cloning: Neo-Lockean Persons versus Human Embryos - Michael TooleyPart III Genetic ManipulationIntroduction13. Questions About Some Uses of Genetic Engineering - Jonathan Glover14. The Moral Significance of the Therapy-Enhancement Distinction in Human Genetics - David B. Resnik15. In Defense of Posthuman Dignity - Nick Bostrom16. Statement on NIH funding of research using gene-editing technologies in human embryos - Francis Collins17. Genome editing and assisted reproduction: curing embryos, society or prospective parents - Giulia Cavaliere18. Who's afraid of the big bad (germline editing) wolf? - R. Alta Charo19. An ethical pathway for gene editing - Julian Savulescu & Peter SingerPart IV Life and Death IssuesIntroduction20. The Sanctity of Life - Jonathan Glover21. Declaration on Euthanasia - Sacred Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithKilling and Letting Die22. Active and Passive Euthanasia - James Rachels23. The Morality of Killing: A Traditional View - Germain Grisez and Joseph M. Boyle, Jr.24. Is Killing No Worse Than Letting Die? - Winston Nesbitt25. Why Killing Is Not Always Worse Than Letting Die - Helga Kuhse26. Moral Fiction and Medical Ethics - Franklin Miller, Robert Truog, and Dan BrockNewborns27. Can a Physician Ever Justifiably Euthanize a Severely Disabled Newborn? - Robert M. Sade28. No to infant euthanasia - Gilbert Meilaender29. Physicians can justifiably euthanize certain severely impaired neonates - Udo Schüklenk30. You Should not have let your baby die - Gary Comstock31. After-Birth Abortion: Why Should the Baby Live? - Alberto Giubilini and Francesca Minerva32. Does a human being gain the right to live after he or she is born? - Christopher Kaczor33. Hard Lessons: Learning from the Charlie Gard Case - Dominic Wilkinson and Julian SavulescuBrain Death34. A Definition of Irreversible Coma - Report of the Ad Hoc Committee of the Harvard Medical School to Examine the Definition of Brain Death35. The Challenge of Brain Death for the Sanctity of Life Ethic - Peter Singer36. The Philosophical Debate - The President's Council on Bioethics37. An Alternative to Brain Death - Jeff McMahanAdvance Directives38. Life Past Reason - Ronald Dworkin39. Dworkin on Dementia: Elegant Theory, Questionable Policy - Rebecca DresserVoluntary Euthanasia and Medically Assisted Suicide40. The Note - Chris Hill41. When Self-Determination Runs Amok - Daniel Callahan42. When Abstract Moralizing Runs Amok - John Lachs43. Physician-assisted death and severe, treatment-resistant depression - Bonnie Steinbock44. Are Concerns about Irremediableness, Vulnerability, or Competence Sufficient to Justify Excluding All Psychiatric Patients from Medical Aid in Dying? - William Rooney, Udo Schüklenk, and Suzanne van de VathorstPart V: Resource AllocationIntroduction45. In a Pandemic, Should We Save Younger Lives? - Peter Singer, Lucy Winkett46. The Value of Life - John Harris47. Bubbles under the Wallpaper: Healthcare Rationing and Discrimination - Nick Beckstead and Toby Ord48. Rescuing Lives: Can't We Count? - Paul T. Menzel49. Should Alcoholics Compete Equally for Liver Transplantation? - Alvin H. Moss and Mark SieglerPart VI: Obtaining OrgansIntroduction50. Organ Donation and Retrieval: Whose Body is it Anyway? - Eike-Henner Kluge51. The Case for Allowing Kidney Sales - Janet Radcliffe-Richards, A. S. Daar, R. D. Guttmann, R. Hoffenberg, I. Kennedy, M. Lock, R. A. Sells and N. Tilney and for the International Forum Transplant Ethics52. Ethical Issues in the Supply And Demand of Kidneys - Debra Satz53. The Survival Lottery - John HarrisPart VII: Ethical Issues in ResearchIntroductionExperimentation with Humans54. Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research - National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research55. Scientific Research is a Moral Duty - John Harris56. Participation in Biomedical Research is an Imperfect Moral Duty: A Response to John Harris - Sandra Shapshay and Kenneth D. Pimple57. Unethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries - Peter Lurie and Sidney M. Wolfe58. We're Trying to Help Our Sickest People, Not Exploit Them - Danstan Bagenda and Philippa Musoke-Mudido59. Pandemic Ethics: The Case for Risky Research - Peter Singer and Richard Yetter ChappellExperimentation with Animals60. Duties Towards Animals - Immanuel Kant61. A Utilitarian View - Jeremy Bentham62. Harmful, Nontherapeutic Use of Animals in Research is Morally Wrong - Nathan Nobis63. Use of Nonhuman Animals in Biomedical Research - Dario L. Ringach64. Ethical Issues when Modelling Brain Disorders in Non-Human Primates - Carolyn P. NeuhausAcademic Freedom and Research65. On Liberty - John Stuart Mill66. Should Some Knowledge Be Forbidden?: The Case of Cognitive Differences Research - Janet A. Kourany67. Academic Freedom and Race: You Ought Not to Believe What You Think May Be True - James R. FlynnPart VIII: Public Health IssuesIntroduction68. Ethics and Infectious Diseases - Michael J. Selgelid69. XDR-TB in South Africa: No Time for Denial or Complacency - Jerome Amir Singh, Ross Upshur, Nesri Padayatchi70. Clinical Ethics during the Covid-19 Pandemic: Missing the Trees for the Forest - Vijayaprasad Gopichandran71. The Moral Obligation to be Vaccinated: Utilitarianism, Contractualism and Collective Easy Rescue - Alberto Giubilini, Thomas Douglas, and Julian Savulescu72. Taking Responsibility for Responsibility - Neil LevyPart IX: Ethical Issues in the Practice of HealthcareIntroductionWhen do doctors have a duty to treat?73. What Healthcare Professionals Owe Us: Why Their Duty to Treat During a Pandemic is Contingent on Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) - Udo Schüklenk74. Conscientious Objection in Health Care - Mark R. Wicclair75. Conscientious Objection in Medicine: Accommodation versus Professionalism and the Public Good - Udo SchüklenkConfidentiality76. Confidentiality in Medicine: A Decrepit Concept - Mark Siegler77. A Defense of Unqualified Medical Confidentiality - Kenneth KipnisTruth-Telling78. On a Supposed Right to Lie from Altruistic Motives - Immanuel Kant79. Should Doctors Tell the Truth? - Joseph Collins80. On Telling Patients the Truth - Roger HiggsInformed Consent and Patient Autonomy81. On Liberty - John Stuart Mill82. From 'Schloendorff v. New York Hospital' - Justice Benjamin N. Cardozo83. Informed Consent: Its History, Meaning, and Present Challenges - Tom L.Beauchamp84. The Doctor-Patient Relationship in Different Cultures - Ruth Macklin85. Transgender Children and the Right to Transition: Medical Ethics when Parents Mean Well but Cause Harm - Maria Priest86. Amputees by Choice - Carl Elliott87. Rational Desires and the Limitations of Life-Sustaining Treatment - Julian SavulescuPart X Disability88. Valuing Disability, Causing Disability - Elizabeth Barnes89. Is Disability Mere Difference? - Greg Bognar90. Prenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy - Adrienne Asch91. Down Syndrome Screening Isn't about Public Health: It's about Eliminating a Group of People - Renate Lindeman92. I Would've Aborted a Fetus with Down Syndrome: Women Need that Right - Ruth MarcusPart XI: NeuroethicsIntroduction93. Neuroethics: Ethics and the Sciences of the Mind - Neil Levy94. Engineering Love - Julian Savulescu and Anders Sandberg95. Unrequited Love Hurts: Should Doctors Treat Broken Hearts? - Francesca Minerva96. Stimulating Brains, Altering Minds - Walter Glannon97. Authenticity or Autonomy? When Deep Brain Stimulation Causes a Dilemma - Felicitas Kraemer98 . On the Necessity of Ethical Guidelines for Novel Neurotechnologies - Sara Goering and Rafael YusteIndex

O autorze

UDO SCHÜKLENK is Ontario Research Chair in Bioethics and Public Policy, Queen's University at Kingston, Ontario, Canada. He has held academic appointments in Australia, the UK, and South Africa, and is a long-serving Joint Editor-in-Chief of the journal Bioethics, the official publication of the International Association of Bioethics.PETER SINGER is Ira W. DeCamp Professor of Bioethics, Princeton University, USA. He is best known as the author of Animal Liberation, widely considered to be the founding statement of the animal rights movement, and for his role in inspiring the growth of effective altruism.