Biodeterioration Research 1

ISBN-13: 9781461282600 / Angielski / Miękka / 2011 / 388 str.

Gerald C. Llewellyn; Charles E. O'Rear; Gerald C. Llewellyn

Opis

Man-made textile fibers are frequently encountered as trace evidence in criminal investigations. This study examined the effects of burial in soil on the biodeterioration of synthetic textile fibers such as cellulose acetate, nylon, polyesters and acrylics. Cellulose acetate fibers began to show signs of decomposition within two months after burial in common garden topsoil and were completely degraded within four to nine months. It was found that severely decomposed cellulose acetate fibers could be identified by pyrolysis-gas liquid chromatography even when other methods such as polarized light microscopy and dispersion staining failed. The solubility behavior of the cellulose acetate fibers also was altered. The other types of fibers showed no detectable alteration at the end of the twelve-month study. REFERENCES American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists (1971). AATCC Technical Manual, AATCC, Triangle Park, NC. Cook, R., and Paterson, M.D. (1978). New techniques for the identifi- tion of microscopic samples of textile fibers by infrared spectroscopy. Forensic Sci. Int., 12, 237-243. DeForest, P.R., Geansslen, R.E., and Lee, H.C. (1983). Forensic Science: An Introduction to Criminalistics, McGraw-Hill Book Company, NY. Federal Bureau of Investigation (1978). Solubility schemes by generic class. Federal Bureau of Investigation, Washington, DC. Fong, W. (1982). Rapid microscopic identification of synthetic fibers in a single liquid mount. Forensic Sci., 27, 257-263.

Spis treści

and Overview.- The Impact of Biodeteriogens On Human Health, Economics, Quality of Life, and The Arts.- SECTION I: Biodeterioration and Biodegradation of Synthetic Materials and Structures of Biological Origin.- Effect of the Soil Environment on the Biodeterioration of Man-Made Textiles.- Characterization of an Extra cellular Polyester Depolymerase of Cryptococcus laurentii.- Bacterial Counts on Commercial U.S. Cotton Fiber and Their Possible Relation to Byssinosis in Cotton Mills.- Effects of Differences in Areas of Growth and Plant Varieties on Endotoxin Contamination of Airborne Dusts from Carded Cottons.- Attempts to Determine Whether the Products of Extracellular Polyphenol Oxidase Modulate the Catechol - Induced Bimodal Growth Response of Coriolus versicolor.- Time-Dependent Appearance of Extracellular Polyphenol Oxidase in Relation to Catechol - Induced Bimodal Growth Response of Coriolus versicolor.- Resistance of Some Woods From Africa and Southeast Asia to Neotropical Wood-Destroyers.- Biodeterioration of Hair in a Soil Environment.- SECTION II: Mycotoxins As Biodeteriogens and Hycotoxin Biodegradation.- Field Contamination of Sorghum With Zearalenone and Deoxynivalenol in North Carolina : Density Segregation to Remove Mycotoxins.- Analysis of Venezuelan Corn for Aflatoxin and Aspergillus flavus or Aspergillus parasiticus Contamination.- The Level of Toxigenic Fungi in 1985 Maryland Corn Befor e and During Storage.- Myrotoxins Produced by Myrothecium roridum, a Fungus Pathogenic to Tomatoes.- Slaframine and Swainsonine Production by Rhizoctonia leguminicola: Strain Comparison.- Evaluating Illicit Marihuana for Aflatoxins and Toxigenic Fungi.- An Evaluation of Four Mycological Media f o r Enumeration of Mold and Yeast in Grains and Seeds.- Production of Aflatoxins on Baking Potatoes.- Pencillium oxalicum and Secalonic Acid D in Fresh Corn.- Probable Aflatoxin B1-Induced Alterations in Triticum spp. “cvs”., Seedling Organ Elongations and 65Zn-ZnCl2 Uptake/Distribution.- Phytotoxic Effects of Trichothecene Metabolites From Pathogenic Strains of Myrothecium roridum on Cucumis melo L.- Biodeterioration of Aflatoxin B1 in Various Soils.- Thermal Detoxification of Trichothecene Contaminated Commodities.- Alteration of Seedling Germination and Amine Levels by Two Mycotoxins.- SECTION III: General Biodeterioration and Biodegradation.- Microbial Ecology of an Automotive Engine Plant.- Susceptibility to Microbial Contamination of Fire - Resistant Invert - Emulsion Hydraulic Fluids.- Protective Action of Serratia marcesens in Relation to the Corrosion of Aluminum and Its Alloys.- Protection of Keratinous Materials With Synthetic Pyrethroid Insecticides.- SECTION IV: Biodeterioration Research For the Conservation of Art and Antiquity in Libraries, Museums, and the Outdoors.- Preliminary Scanning Electron Microscopy Study of Microbiologically Induced Deterioration of High Alkali Low-Lime Glass.- The Role of the Odd Beetle, Thylodrias contractus, in the Biodeterioration of Museum Objects.- A Note on the Reaction of Methyl Tri-Methoxy Silane to Mixed Cultures of Microorganisms.- A New Approach to Treating Fungus in Small Libraries.- SECTION V: Chitin and Lignocellulose Biodeterioration and Biodegradation.- Bacterial Chitinases and Their Role in the Mineralization Processes.- Recovery of Vibrios From Coastal Waters - Involvement of Chitin.- Chitinase Induction in an Estuarine System.- Modeling the Persistence of Lignocellulosic Detritus in Wetland Ecosystems.- Participants and Addresses.- Author Index.