Biochips and Medical Imaging

ISBN-13: 9781118910504 / Angielski / Twarda / 2022 / 416 str.

Adam de la Zerda; Shan X. Wang

Spis treści

Foreword xviiPreface xixAcknowledgments xxi1 Cell Biology 11.1 Cell Biology Introduction 11.2 Cell Structure 11.3 Cell Membrane 21.4 Proteins 21.5 Cytoplasm and Organelles 31.6 Nucleus 61.7 Nucleic Acids (DNA and RNA) 81.8 Central Dogma and Recent Revisions 101.9 Mutations 141.10 Cell Cycle 141.11 Additional Information 172 Biological Lab Techniques 272.1 Overview 272.2 Beer Lambert's Law 272.3 DNA Lab Techniques 282.4 Additional Information 383 Human Physiology 473.1 Overview 473.2 Nervous System 473.3 Circulatory System 683.4 Endocrine System 743.5 Lymphatic System 833.6 Immune System 854 Cancer 1034.1 Epidemiology (Statistics) 1034.2 What Causes Cancer 1044.3 Oncogenesis (Cancer Development) 1064.4 The Six Hallmarks of Cancer 1094.5 Conclusion 1185 Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs) 1235.1 Epidemiology and Introduction 1235.2 Types of CVD 1255.3 Diagnosis of CVDs 1305.4 Treatment of CVDs 1355.5 Conclusion 1386 DNA Chips and Sequencing 1436.1 Introduction to DNA Chips and PCR 1436.2 Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) 1436.3 DNA and RNA Chip Technology 1476.4 DNA Sequencing 1556.5 Conclusion 1566.6 Additional Information 1567 Next-Generation Sequencing and FET-Based Biochips 1617.1 Introduction to Next-Generation Sequencing 1617.2 Optical-Based Methods 1627.3 Electronic-Based Methods 1657.4 Conclusion 1728 Protein Assays and Chips 1798.1 Introduction 1798.2 ELISA 1798.3 Protein Arrays 1838.4 Conclusion 1908.5 Additional Information 1909 Label-Free Affinity-Based Biosensors 1979.1 Introduction 1979.2 Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) Sensor 1979.3 Nanowire Field-Effect (FET) Sensors 2039.4 Cantilever Sensors 2049.5 Electrochemical Sensors 2059.6 Multiplex Detection of Polymicrobial UTI (Urinary Tract Infection) 2079.7 Conclusion 21110 Magneto-Nanosensor Biochips 21510.1 Magnetism Overview 21510.2 GMR Magneto-Nanosensor Biochips 21610.3 Point-of-Care Testing 22310.4 Non-GMR Magnetic Nanobiosensors 22810.5 Conclusion 23111 Microfluidic Chips for Capturing Circulating Tumor Cells 23511.1 Circulating Tumor Cells 23511.2 Identifying CTC and WBC by 3-Color Staining 23511.3 Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorting (FACS) 23611.4 Magnetically Activated Cell Sorting (MACS) 23711.5 Magnetic Separation Devices 23811.6 CTC Enrichment By Size Filtering 24311.7 CTC-CHIP (HARVARD UNIVERSITY) 24311.8 Clinical Utility From CTCs 24511.9 Conclusion 24712 Molecular Diagnostics 25112.1 Molecular Diagnostics (Dx) 25112.2 Molecular Diagnostics for Cancer 25112.3 Important Concepts in Diagnostics 25412.4 Conclusion 26112.5 Additional Information 26113 Magnetic Resonance Imaging 27113.1 Medical Imaging -- Categorization 27113.2 Overview For Imaging Section 27113.3 MRI: Past, Present, and Future 27313.4 Physics of MRI Overview 27413.5 Physics of MRI 27413.6 Image Acquisition in MRI 27913.7 MRI Contrast Agents 28213.8 Conclusion 28714 Radionuclide Imaging 29514.1 Radioactivity 29514.2 Basics of Positron Emission Tomography (PET) 29914.3 Single-Photon Emission Computer Tomography (SPECT) 30314.4 Contrast and Imaging Agents 30614.5 Conclusion 31215 Fluorescence and Raman Imaging 31715.1 Introduction to Optical Imaging 31715.2 Photon/Tissue Interaction 31715.3 Fluorescence Imaging 32015.4 Raman Imaging 32815.5 Fluorescence Imaging vs. Raman Imaging 33115.6 Conclusion 33216 Optical Coherence Tomography 33716.1 Introduction 33716.2 Applications of OCT 34616.3 Contrast Enhancement 35116.4 Conclusion 35917 Photoacoustic Imaging 36317.1 Photoacoustic Effect 36317.2 The Thermal and Stress Confinements 36417.3 Photoacoustic Imaging 36517.4 Contrast Agents 36717.5 Conclusion 37318 Imaging Controls and Concepts 37718.1 Controls 37718.2 Imaging Concepts 38218.3 Clinical Translation 38618.4 Conclusion 390Problems 390References 394FurtherReading 394Index 395

O autorze

ADAM DE LA ZERDA is an Associate Professor in the departments of Structural Biology and Electrical Engineering at Stanford University and a Chan Zuckerberg Investigator. Dr. de la Zerda has received numerous awards for his research including the Forbes Magazine 30-under-30 in Science & Healthcare and published over 30 papers in leading journals. He holds a number of patents and is the founder of the medical diagnostics company Visby Medical.SHAN XIANG WANG is the Leland T. Edwards Professor in the School of Engineering, Stanford University. He currently serves as the Director of the Stanford Center for Magnetic Nanotechnology and a Professor of Materials Science & Engineering, jointly of Electrical Engineering, and by courtesy of Radiology . He has published over 300 papers, and holds 66 patents (issued and pending). Dr. Wang was an inaugural Frederick Terman Faculty Fellow at Stanford University (1994-1997), an IEEE Magnetics Society Distinguished Lecturer (2001-2002), and elected an IEEE Fellow (2009) and American Physical Society (APS) Fellow (2012).