Basic Organic Chemistry for the Life Sciences

ISBN-13: 9783319361567 / Angielski / Miękka / 2016 / 179 str.

Hrvoj Van Ik

Recenzje

From the book reviews:

"This concise book will be useful for students who need to learn the fundamentals of organic chemistry and how it pertains to biochemistry and biology. ... This content is a good primer for those about to take a biochemistry course. ... Summing Up: Highly recommended. Lower- and Upper-division undergraduates; professionals/practitioners." (C. E. Stilts, Choice, Vol. 52 (5), January, 2015)

Spis treści

Preface

Introduction 

1. ALKANES, COMPOSITION, CONSTITUTION, AND CONFIGURATION
1.1. About Nomenclature
1.2. Configuration, and Shape of Molecules
1.3. Molecular Dynamics and Conformations
1.4. Cycloalkanes
       1.4.1. Cyclohexane
       1.4.2. Cyclopentane
       1.4.3. Cyclobutane and Cyclopropane
1.5. Polycyclic Hydrocarbons

2. FUNCTIONAL GROUPS

3. ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE OF ORGANIC MOLECULES
3.1. Covalent Bonds
3.2. Molecular Orbitals
3.3. Electron Density Distribution and the Shape of Molecules
3.4. Bond Energy, Bond Lengths, and Molecular Vibrations
3.5. Determination of the Organic Molecular Structure by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

4. ALKENES AND ALKYNES
4.1. Constitution and Nomenclature
4.2. Configurations of Alkenes
4.3. Electronic Structure and Reactions of Alkenes
4.4. Addition Reactions on Alkenes, and the Reaction Mechanism Concept
4.5. Additions of Hydrogen Halides
4.6. Oxidations and Polymerization of Alkenes
4.7. Aromatic Hydrocarbons
4.8. Hydrocarbons in Biology 

5. SUBSTITUTIONS ON SATURATED CARBON ATOM; Alkyl halides, Alcohols, Thiols, Ethers, Amines
5.1. Substitutions of radicals
       5.1.1. Alkyl halides
       5.1.2. Polarity of Bonds and Dipole Moment
5.2. Nucleophilic Substitutions and eliminations
       5.2.1. Reaction Mechanisms of Nucleophilic Substitutions
       5.2.2. Alcohols
       5.2.3. Ethers
       5.2.4. Thiols and Sulfides
       5.2.5. Amines

6. NUCLEOPHILIC ADDITIONS; Compounds with Carbonyl Group
6.1. Aldehydes and Ketones      
       6.1.1. Carbon as Nucleophile
       6.1.2. Condensations with Amines, Imines
       6.1.3. Reductions of Aldehydes and Ketones
6.2. Carboxylic Acids

7. STEREOCHEMISTRY, SYMMETRY, AND MOLECULAR CHIRALITY

8. DERIVATIVES OF CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
8.1. Anhydrides
8.2. Esters, Nucleophilic Substitution on the Unsaturated Carbon
8.3. Acyl Halides
8.4. Amides

9. ELECTROPHILIC SUBSTITUTIONS
9.1. Reactions of Aromatic Compounds
9.2. Orientations of Substituents in Aromatic Substitutions

10. CYCLOADDITIONS

11. ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS
11.1. Amino acids and peptides
11.2. Carbohydrates
        11.2.1. Cyclic Structures of Monosaccharide Molecules
        11.2.2. Disaccharides and Polysaccharides
11.3. Glycosides and nucleotides
11.4. Lipids
        11.4.1. Waxes
        11.4.2. Fats
        11.4.3. Phospholipids
        11.4.4. Terpenes and Steroids
                    11.4.4.1. Terpenes as Secondary Metabolites
11.5. Alkaloids
11.6. Organic and bioorganic reactions

INDEX

Blurb

This work provides an overview of the basics of organic chemistry for non-chemists. As such, this book should be very useful for university students of biology, molecular biology, ecology, medicine, agriculture, forestry, and other specialties where the knowledge of organic chemistry plays the important role but is not a core discipline. The book should also be of interest to non-professionals, and it may serve as a manual or repetitorium to high school teachers.

 

The text is divided into eleven chapters on the basis of the systematization of fundamental organic reaction types, and classes of organic compounds. The first chapters comprise fundamental aspects of structural theory, reaction mechanisms, electronic structure, some basic spectroscopy, and properties of main groups of organic compounds. At the end of the book, the largest chapter contains the elements of the organic chemistry of natural products. Comparison of the reactions in the laboratory with the analogous molecular transformations in living cells will enable the reader to better understand the basic principles of biochemistry.