Azospirillum VI and Related Microorganisms: Genetics -- Physiology -- Ecology

ISBN-13: 9783642799082 / Angielski / Miękka / 2011 / 577 str.

Istvan Fendrik; Maddalena Del Gallo; Jos Vanderleyden

Opis

Azospirillum is a plant growth promoting rhizobacterium used for inoculation of cereal and forage crops. The book covers its physiology, ecology, biochemistry, and molecular biology. The most advanced molecular techniques to understand the regulatory mechanisms of nitrogen fixation and ammonia assimilation, as well as the basis of phytohormone production, are included. In particular, the identification of novel types of promoters, specific regulatory circuits, and new regulatory proteins is described. New insights in the plant growth promoting role of the bacteria through the analysis of their interactions with the plant are presented. Also discussed are field applications, allowing the evaluation of the physiological and agronomic involvement of Azospirillum inoculations.

Spis treści

Section I - Plenary Lectures.- Endophytic Occurrence of Diazotrophic bacteria in Non-Leguminous Crops.- N2-Fixation by Endophytic Bacteria: Questions of Entry and Operation.- Achievements in the Genetics of Nitrogen Fixation in Hungary.- Section II - Genetics.- Azospirillum-Cereals: a Partnership.- Phylogenetic Studies of the Genus Azospirillum.- Genetic Control of Nitrogen Assimilation and Nitrogen Fixation in Free Living Azospirillum brasilense: a Review.- Involvement of nifA and glnB Genes in Expression of Nitrogen Fixation Genes in Azospirillum brasilense.- Polysaccharide Synthesis in Azospirillum brasilense.- Biodegradation of Polysaccharides by Azospirillum.- Genetical Aspects of Indole Acetate Production in Azospirillum brasilense Sp245.- Auxin Biosynthesis and Denitrification in Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria.- Azospirillum Phylogeny Based on rrs (16S rRNA Gene) Sequences.- Involvement of Ion Protease of Azospirillum brasilense in Iron Uptake.- Cloning and Analysis of an Azospirillum brasilense Iteron and hsl UV Operon Containing Region.- Cloning of a Streptomyces Endoglucanase Gene in Azospirillum brasilense.- Initiation of Monocot Plant Development in vitro for Studying Plant-Microbe Interaction.- Chitinase Expression in Strawberry Root Colonization by Azospirillum brasilense and V.A Mycorrhiza.- Section III - Interactions with Other Microorganisms.- Endophytic Bacteria: Their Possible Role in the Host Plant.- VAM-Fungi and Their Interactions with Other Microorganisms.- Interaction of Rhizobia with Non-Legume Crops for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Nodulation.- Diazotrophic Mixed Cultures of Azospirillum brasilense and Enterobacter cloacae.- Molecular Study of the Interaction of Azospirillum lipoferum with Wheat Germ Agglutinin.- Short-Term Attachment of Bacteria from the Rhizobiaceae Family to the Roots of Cereals.- Interactions Between Azospirillum and Phialophora radicicola.- Establishment of Two Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria on Roots of Kallar Grass Using Alginate-Coated Seed in Mixed Inoculation.- First Results of Individual and Dual Inoculation with Azospirillum-Glomus on Wheat.- Morphogenesis of Strawberry Roots Infected by Azospirillum brasilense and V.A. Mycorrhiza.- Specific Interaction Between Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) and Three Chickpea-Rhizobium Strains Inoculated Singularly and in Combination with Azospirillum brasilense Cd.- Section IV - Physiology and Molecular Biology.- Interactions Between Partners in the Association “Wheat-Azospirillum brasilense Sp245”.- Azospirillum brasilense Exopolysaccharide Complexes, Their Possible Involvement in Bacteria-Wheat Roots Interactions and the Suggested Nature of These Interactions.- Continuous Culture Application in Physiological investigations of Diazotrophic Bacteria.- Changes in Membrane Potential upon Chemotactic Stimulation of Azospirillum brasilense.- Physiological Aspects of Phytohormone Production by Azospirillum brasilense Sp7.- Laccase Activity in Azospirillum lipoferum: Characteristics, melanization and Tn5 Mutants.- Wheat Lectin Possibly Serves as a Signal Molecule in the Azospirillum-Wheat Association.- Biochemical Characterization of IAA Mutants of Azospirillum brasilense Sp7 Induced by Transposon Tn5 Mutagenesis.- Influence of Asparagine and Aspartic Acid on Growth of Azospirillum.- Inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense Cd Affects the Root System Development of Sorghum bicolor.- Laccase Activity in Azospirillum lipoferum: Substrates and Inhibitors.- Conversion of Tryptophan, Indole-3-Pyruvic Acid, Indole-3-Lactic Acid and Indole to Indole-3-Acetic Acid by Azospirillum brasilense Sp7.- Transformation of Aniline and Its Chlorinated Derivatives by Azotobacter agilis.- Reduction of 4-Chloronitrobenzene by Azospirillum lipoferum.- Immunological Properties of Azospirillum Cell Surface: the Structure of Carbohydrate Antigens and Evaluation of Their Involvement in Bacteria-Plant Contact Interactions.- Role of Choline and Glycine Betaine in Azospirillum brasilense Cd under Salinity Stress.- Bioreactor Systems for Research on Rhizosphere Bacteria.- Section V - Ecology.- Artificial Plant-Azotobacter Symbiosis for Atmospheric Nitrogen Fixation.- Taxonomic and Ecologic Studies of Diazotrophic Rhizosphere Bacteria Using Phylogenetic Probes.- Coaggregation of Azospirillum with other Bacteria: Basis for Functional Diversity.- Soil Parameters wich Affect the Survival of Azospirillum brasilense.- Chemotaxis in Plant-Associated Bacteria: the Search for the Ecological Niche.- Occurrence, Isolation and Identification of Azospirillum Strains in Greece.- Influence of the Carbon Substrate on the Composition of the Exocellular Polysaccharides by Azospirillum brasilense.- Identification of Azospirillum by Oligonucleotide Probes After Isolation from Soil and Sorghum Rhizoplan Contaminated or not by the Parasitic Plant: Striga.- Ecological Aspects of Azorhizobium caulinodans in the Rhizosphere of Rice Seedlings.- Associative, Symbiotic N2-Fixers and Scavenger Strains, Affected by Cu2+ and Zn2+in vitro.- Section VI - Field Experiments, Applications.- Inoculation Effects of Azospirillum on Sunflowers (Heliantus annus) Under Different Fertilization and Irrigation Regimes.- Inoculation of Genetically Modified Strains of Azospirillum: Monitoring of Population Dynamic.- Growth Stimulation in Graminees, Legumes, and Crucifers by Pseudomonas-Bacteria.- Experimental System for Creating New Type of N2-Fixing Plants.- Survival of Associative Nitrogen Fixers in Rhizoplane as a Criterion for Estimation of Their Effect on Inoculated Plants.- Adhesion of Rhizosphere Bacteria to Roots of Maize and Wheat.- Occurrence of Dinitrogen-Fixing Bacteria and Acetylene Reduction Activity in a Rhizosphere of Five Selected Plants from Tropics.- Dominant N2-Fixing Microflora in a Paddy Soil and Effect of Rice Inoculation with Azospirillum Bacteria.- Isolation and Characterization of Azospirillum Strains from Soil and Rice Plants in North Vietnam.- List of Participants from NATO Countries.- Other Participants.- List of Participants from Non-NATO Countries.