Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Brushless Machines

ISBN-13: 9789400792364 / Angielski / Miękka / 2014 / 362 str.

Jacek F Gieras;Rong-Jie Wang;Maarten J Kamper

Opis

Axial Flux Permanent Magnet (AFPM) brushless machines are modern electrical machines with a lot of advantages over their conventional counterparts. They are being increasingly used in consumer electronics, public life, instrumentation and automation system, clinical engineering, industrial electromechanical drives, automobile manufacturing industry, electric and hybrid electric vehicles, marine vessels and toys. They are also used in more electric aircrafts and many other applications on larger scale. New applications have also emerged in distributed generation systems (wind turbine generators, high-speed micro turbine generators), miniature power supplies, flywheel energy storages, aircraft and rotorcraft actuators, missile fin actuators, naval integrated motor-propellers (rim driven thrusters). The role of axial flux PM brushless machines is increasing especially in applications where integration of motors with other mechanical parts is imperative.This book deals with the analysis, construction, design, control and applications of AFPM machines. The authors present their own research results, as well as significant research contributions made by others.Growing interest in new topologies of permanent magnet (PM) brushless machines has prompted the authors to update the first edition of Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Brushless Machines. In this second edition new sections (non-overlap concentrated coil windings, rotor dynamics, miniature axial flux PM motors, in-wheel motors), new examples of applications and more numerical examples have been added.This monograph will be of interest to electrical engineers and other engineers involved in the design and application of AFPM brushless machine drives. It will be an important resource for researchers and graduate students in the field of electrical machine and drives.

Spis treści

Introduction; 1.1 Scope; 1.2 Features; 1.3 Development of AFPM Machines; 1.4 Types of Axial Flwr PM Machines; 1.5 Topologies and Geometries; 1.6 Rotor Dynamics; 1.7 Axial Magnetic Field Excited by PMs; 1.8 PM Eddy-Current Brake as the Simplest AFPM Brushless Machine; 1.9 AFPM Machines versus RFPM Machines; 1.10 Power Limitation of AFPM Machines; Numerical Examples; 2 Principles of AFPM Machines; 2.1 Magnetic Circuits; 2.1.1 Single-Sided Machines; 2.1.2 Double-Sided Machines With Internal PM DiscRotor; 2.1.3 Double-Sided Machines With Internal Ring-Shaped Core Stator; 2.1.4 Double-Sided Machines With Internal Slotted Stator; 2.1.5 Double-Sided Machines With Internal Coreless Stator; 2.1.6 Multidisc Machines; 2.2 Windings; 2.2.1 Three-Phase Windings Distributed in Slots; 2.2.2 Toroidal Winding; 2.2.3 Coreless Stator Winding; 2.2.4 Non-Overlap (Salient Pole) Windings; 2.3 Torque Production; 2.4 Magnetic Flux; 2.5 Electromagnetic Torque and EMF; 2.6 Losses and Efficiency; 2.6.1 Stator Winding Losses; 2.6.2 Stator Core Losses; 2.6.3 Core Loss Finite Element Model; 2.6.4 Losses in Permanent Magnets; 2.6.5 Rotor Core Losses; 2.6.6 Eddy Current Losses in Stator Conductors; 2.6.7 Rotational Losses; 2.6.8 Losses for Nonsinusoidal Current; 2.6.9 Efficiency; 2.7 Phasor Diagrams; 2.8 Sizing Equations; 2.9 Armature Reaction; 2.10 AFPM Motor; 2.10.1 Sine-Wave Motor; 2.10.2 Square-Wave Motor; 2.11 AFPM Synchronous Generator; 2.11.1 Performance Characteristics of a Stand Alone Generator; 2.11.2 Synchronization With Utility Grid; Numerical Examples; 3 Materials and Fabrication; 3.1 Stator Cores; 3.1.1 Nonoriented Electrical Steels; 3.1.2 Amorphous Ferromagnetic Alloys; 3.1.3 Soft Magnetic Powder Composites; 3.1.4 Fabrication of Stator Cores; 3.2 Rotor Magnetic Circuits; 3.2.1 PM Materials; 3.2.2 Characteristics of PM Materials; 3.2.3 Operating Diagram; 3.2.4 Permeances for Main and Leakage Fluxes; 3.2.5 Calculation of Magnetic Circuits With PMs; 3.2.6 Fabrication of Rotor Magnetic Circuits; 3.3 Windings; 3.3.1 Conductors; 3.3.2 Fabrication of Slotted Windings; 3.3.3 Fabrication of Coreless Windings; Numerical Examples; 4 AFPM Machines With Iron Cores; 4.1 Geometries; 4.2 Commercial AFPM Machines With Stator Ferromagnetic Cores; 4.3 Some Features of Iron-Cored AFPM Machines; 4.4 Magnetic Flux Density Distribution in the Air Gap; 4.5 Calculation of Reactances; 4.5.1 Synchronous and Armature Reaction Reactances; 4.5.2 Stator Leakage Reactance; 4.6 Performance Characteristics; 4.7 Performance Calculation; 4.7.1 Sine-Wave AFPM Machine; 4.7.2 Synchronous Generator; 4.7.3 Square-Wave AFPM Machine; 4.8 Finite Element Calculations; Numerical Examples; 5 AFPM Machines Without Stator Cores; 5.1 Advantages and Disadvantages; 5.2 Commercial Coreless Stator AFPM Machines; 5.3 Coreless Stator AFPM Microgenerators; 5.4 Performance Calculation; 5.4.1 Steady-State Performance; 5.4.2 Dynamic Performance; 5.5 Calculation of Coreless Winding Inductances; 5.5.1 Classical Approach; 5.5.2 FEM Approach; 5.6 Performance Characteristics; 5.7 Performance of Coreless Non-Overlap Winding AFPM Machines; 5.8 Eddy Current Losses in the Stator Windings; 5.8.1 Eddy Current Loss Resistance; 5.8.2 Reduction of Eddy Current Losses; 5.8.3 Reduction of Circulating Current Losses; 5.8.4 Measurement of Eddy Current Losses; 5.9 Armature Reaction; 5.10 Mechanical Design Features; 5.10.1 Mechanical Strength Analysis; 5.10.2 Imbalanced Axial Force on the Stator; 5.11 Thermal Problems; Numerical Examples; 6 AFPM Machines Without Stator and Rotor Cores; 6.1 Advantages and Disadvantages; 6.2 Topology and Construction; 6.3 Air Gap Magnetic Flux Density; 6.4 Electromagnetic Torque and EMF; 6.5 Commercial Coreless AFPM Motors; 6.6 Case Study: Low-Speed AFPM Coreless Brushless Motor; 6.6.1 Performance Characteristics; 6.6.2 Cost Analysis; 6.6.3 Comparison With Cylindrical Motor With Laminated Stator and Rotor Cores; 6.7 Case Study: Low-Speed Coreless AFPM; Brushless Generator; 6.8 Characterist