Atlas of Color-Coded Doppler Sonography: Vascular and Soft Tissue Structures of the Upper Extremity, Thoracic Outlet and Neck

ISBN-13: 9783709191972 / Angielski / Miękka / 2012 / 138 str.

Franz X. J. Fr Hwald; D. Eric Blackwell

Opis

This atlas brings together a large number of high-quality illustrations of color-coded Doppler sonography (CCDS) studies of the vascular and soft tissue structures of the upper extremity and neck, correlative angiographic images and anatomic diagrams, and succinct summaries of current research into the clinical applications of CCDS. The atlas consists of eight chapters covering an evaluation of the carotid artery, the vertebral artery, the veins of the neck, arm veins, the arteries of the upper extremity, dialysis fistulas and the thyroid and parathyroid glands, as well as technical essentials, physical principles and practical considerations regarding the proper use of color flow Doppler instruments. A major goal in the creation of this book was to summarize in a single volume the large body of information previously available only in numerous articles from radiologic and surgical scientific journals, and to bring this material up to date based on the experience of the authors. In addition to a detailed presentation of normal vascular anatomy and corresponding CCDS images, the atlas contains examples of a large number of pathological conditions in order to provide the reader with a solid understanding of the most common abnormal findings as well as a resource for interpretating unusual cases.

Spis treści

1 CCDS: Physical principles and technical considerations.- The Doppler principle.- Continuous wave (CW) Doppler instruments.- Pulsed Doppler and duplex scanners.- Color-coded Doppler sonography.- The future of CCDS.- References.- 2 CCDS: Optimizing instrument settings, scan techniques, and measurement procedures.- The scanning environment.- Choice of linear array, sector, or curved array transducers.- Proper use of CCDS set-up parameters.- Aliasing.- Measurement techniques.- Image storage techniques.- Quality control and standardization.- Appendix I: Commonly used Doppler measurement indices.- Appendix II: Formula for flow volume estimation.- References.- 3 Color-coded Doppler sonography of the carotid arteries.- Examination technique.- Normal and abnormal hemodynamics in the extracranial carotid system.- Plaque morphology.- Stenosis.- High-grade stenosis and subtotal occlusion.- Turbulence.- Comparison with angiography.- ICA abnormalities associated with vessel enlargement.- Postoperative examination.- Summary.- References.- 4 Color-coded Doppler sonography of the vertebral arteries.- Examination technique.- Normal vertebral arteries.- Pathological findings.- Hypoplastic arteries.- Stenosis.- Occlusion.- Dissection.- VA course abnormalities.- Cervical tumor with VA displacement.- Subclavian steal syndrome.- Vertebral and subclavian surgery.- Conclusion.- References.- 5 CCDS evaluation of the arteries of the upper limbs.- Examination technique.- Normal findings.- Pathological findings.- Stenosis and occlusion.- Vascular malformations.- Arteriovenous fistulas.- Arteriovenous malformations.- Hemangiomas.- Tumors.- References.- 6 Color-coded Doppler sonography of the thyroid and parathyroid glands.- Normal findings.- Pathologic findings.- Thyroid adenoma.- Thyroid carcinoma.- Other malignant lesions 99 Goiter.- Thyroiditis.- Basedow’s or Graves’ Disease.- Iodine-induced changes of blood flow.- Parathyroid adenoma.- Conclusion.- References.- 7 Color-coded Doppler sonography of the veins of the neck and upper extremities.- Examination technique.- Normal findings.- Pathologic findings.- Thrombosis.- Venous abnormalities related to malignant disease.- Postoperative findings.- Anomalies.- Conclusion.- References.- 8 Color-coded Doppler sonography of dialysis fistulas.- General principles.- Examination technique.- Normal CCDS appearance of dialysis fistulas.- Pathologic findings.- Stenosis.- Thrombosis.- Aneurysm.- Hematoma.- Abscess.- Steal syndrome.- Conclusion.- References.