Astrometric Techniques: Proceedings of the 109th Symposium of the International Astronomical Union Held in Gainesville, Florida, U.S.A., 9-12

ISBN-13: 9789027722577 / Angielski / Miękka / 1986 / 838 str.

International Astronomical Union; Heinrich K. Eichhorn; Robert J. Leacock

Opis

The IAU Symposium 109, sponsored by IAU Commission 2( and co-sponsored by Commissions 8 and (0, was originally scheduled to be held in Merida, Venezuela, but eventually took place at the University of Florida in Gainesville from January 9 to January 12, 1984. The Scientific Organizing Committee consisting of Peter Brosche (FRG), John Davis (Australia), Jean Delhaye (France), Erik H9Sg (Denmark), James A. Hughes (USA), C. Andrew Murray (UK), Dimitri D. Polozhentsev (USSR), Jurgen Stock (Venezuela), Catherine Turon (France), Arthur R. Upgren (USA), Gart Westerhout (USA), Arno Witzel (Germany, FR), and Shu- Hua Ye (PRC), was chaired by Heinrich Eichhorn (USA). The Local Organizing Committe (chaired by Robert J. Leacock) included, in addition, Jeanne Kerrick, Carl Cole, Billy Cooke, Lance Erickson, Mary Jane Taylor, Wan-xian Wang and James Webb. The following chaired sessons during the Symposium: Shinko Aoki (Japan), Wilhelm Gliese (Germany, FR), Bernard Guinot (France), Kenneth Johnston (USA), Jean Kovalevsky (France), Kaj Aa. Strand (USA), George Teleki (Yugoslavia), and William van Altena (USA). All papers included in this volume were refereed. A significant part of them were not appropriate for publication as originally submitted, mostly for reasons of language. Some were therefore heavily edited. The papers originally submitted in Russian were translated into English by Eva Eichhorn. Many of the papers were retyped at the Department of Astronomy of the University of Florida.

Spis treści

I. Reduction Technique.- Concepts of reference systems.- Discussion of meaning and definition of UT.- Relativistic reduction of astrometric observations.- Statistical analysis of proper motion surveys.- Statistical problems encountered in using trigonometric parallaxes.- The search for unwanted signals: systematic trends in proper motions of fundamental stars.- A new technique for the analytical determination of a fundamental system of positions and proper motions.- Computation of compilation catalogs.- Brosche’s method for representing systematic differences in positions and proper motions of stars.- Some effects of different sources of variation of latitude data on meridian circle catalogues.- Global reduction of fundamental astrometric data.- Application de la methode par deconvolution integree au cas des occultations d‘etoiles doubles.- The conversion from the B1950 FK4-based position to the J2000 position of celestial objects.- The observations of the earth rotation and the stellar system.- II. Radio Astrometry.- The astrometric possibilities of very-long-baseline interferometry.- The precision of J2000.0 radio source positions from Mark III VLBI.- The JPL/DSN J2000 radio reference frame.- The use of the RATAN-600 radio telescope in astrometry.- The extragalactic optical/radio reference frame. A progress report, IAU Comm. 24 Working Group.- Preliminary precise radio/optical positions of selected stars.- III Photographic Astrometry.- Can a system be defined for the new edition of the Yale parallax catalogue?.- Proper motions with respect to galaxies.- Astrometry of star clusters: problems, techniques, and opportunities.- Plans for the second epoch of the southern proper motion program.- Trigonometric parallaxes obtained with the UK Schmidt telescope.- Optical counterparts of extragalactic radio sources in the southern sky: positions obtained from Schmidt plates.- A photographic astrometric telescope for Brazil.- Astrometry with the Lowell PDS.- Laser interferometer measurement system on the Yale PDS 2020G.- Instrument and method for determination of high-precision coordinates of geostationary artificial satellites.- Variations in external parallax errors.- Astrometry with objective prism.- Testing Schmidt plates for astrometric purposes.- Parallaxes with large reflectors.- Design characteristics of the 1.56 m astrometric telescope and its usage in astrometry.- Astrometric characteristics of the Abastumani Astrophysical Observatory 125 cm reflector (AZT-11) of Ritchey-Cretien optical system.- IV. Interferometry.- Speckle interferometry in astrometry.- First results from the new GSU CCD speckle camera.- Infrared speckle interferometry: A sensitive technique for physical measurements of unseen companions to nearby stars.- Microarcsecond astrometric interferometry.- Present status and future plans for the two color astrometric interferometer project.- V. Small Field Photoelectric Astrometry.- A new astrometric system.- Moving-image astrometry with the multi-anode microchannel array (MAMA) detector.- Vidicon photometry and astrometry applied to objects of the solar system.- Photoelectric astrolabe and astrolabe star catalogues.- The oscillating slit micrometer of the meridian circle PMC 190 Tokyo.- VI. Transit Circles and Astrolabes.- A new astrolabe.- Timing and data acquisition system for a field astrolabe.- The photoelectric meridian circle of the Pulkovo.- The glass meridian circle.- Design for a large transit circle with reflecting optics.- A proposal for scanning meridian circle.- Impersonal techniques of transit circle observations. “The Carlsberg automatic meridian circle”.- The Bordeaux automatic transit circle: First catalogues, current and future programs.- Current work with the photoelectric transit instrument at the observatory of Torino.- The design of modern meridian circles for the observation of faint objects.- Automatic horizontal meridian circle at Pulkovo.- Automation and software of the Wanschaff vertical circle at Goloseevo.- The use of photographic positions in determining azimuth of a meridian circle.- The use of astrometric instruments in vacuum chambers.- The seven-inch transit circle and its New Zealand program.- Carlsberg automatic transit circle: first two test catalogues and the programme for La Palma.- The refurbished six-inch transit circle.- The transit instrument under optimum conditions.- Vacuum meridian marks of the Belgrade large transit instrument.- The vacuum mires of the transit instrument at Nikolaev.- Internal refraction in meridian circles.- Determination of the division corrections of the Bordeaux declination circle by the Benevides-Boczko method.- A new method of determining absolute azimuth and latitude and suggestion for a new type of meridian circle.- A new method for zenith distance determination in meridian observations.- On the implementation of absolute meridian observations in low latitude stations.- A multislit photoelectric star micrometer for the meridian circle of the Nikolayev Astronomical Observatory.- Comparison of Tokyo PZT Catalogues with AGK3 and with three other independent catalogues.- VII. Space Astronomy.- HIPPARCOS satellite and the organization of the project.- HIPPARCOS data reductions.- Preparation of the HIPPARCOS input catalogue. Astrometric programs for HIPPARCOS. Preliminary astrometric observations.- The use of Space Telescope to tie the HIPPARCOS reference frame to an extragalactic reference frame.- Tycho astrometry and photometry.- Software for space telescope astrometry.- Space telescope motion limitations for fine guidance sensor astrometry.- VIII. Objects.- The new index catalog of visual double stars-WDS.- Astrometric desiderata for nearby stars.- On desiderata for star catalogs for the remainder of the twentieth century: A report on catalog work now in progress at the U. S. Naval Observatory.- On the reference frame of the planetary ephemerides.- Comparison of instruments and methods of positional observations of the sun and major planets.- On the SRS catalogue.- The establishment of an astrometric standard region — A description of the method with reference to the astrometric standard region in Praesepe (M44).- Objets accessibles aux astrolabes de haute precision: etoiles et radioetoiles brillantes, planetes, soleil.- Astrolabe observations of radio stars at the southern hemisphere.- The guide star selection system and the guide star catalog for Space Telescope.- IX. Administration and Distribution.- Astrometry in China.- The IAU numbering system of radio sources.- The preparation and distribution of machine-readable astrometric data.- X. Connections Between the Various Techniques.- The need for better co-operation and intercomparison in fundamental astrometry.- The reconciliation of optical and radio positions.- On the feasibility of a star coordinate determination in the radio astrometry reference system.- Connection between the HIPPARCOS catalogue and the FK5.- Results of VLBI observations of radio stars and their potential for linking the HIPPARCOS and extragalactic reference frames.- Relating the JPL VLBI reference frame and the planetary ephemerides.- A fully-automated system of astrometric data collection and processing.- Concluding Remarks.- A. Excerpts from a general discussion on coordinates and time.- B. The status of the plates taken for the charts and the catalogue of the Carte du Ciel (astrographic catalogue).- C. Pictures taken during the Symposium.- Author Index.