Artificial Sight: Basic Research, Biomedical Engineering, and Clinical Advances

ISBN-13: 9781441923820 / Angielski / Miękka / 2010 / 400 str.

Mark S. Humayun; James D. Weiland; Gerald Chader

Opis

This book describes advances in implantable neural stimulation technology to restore partial sight to people who are blind from retinal degnerative diseases such as age-related macular degeneration and retintis pigmentosa. Many scientific, engineering, and surgical challenges must be surmounted before widespread practical applications can be realized. The book summarizes the state of research and clinical practice in the field and reviews the current ideas and approaches of its leading researchers and practitioners.

Spis treści

Biological Considerations for an Intraocular Retinal Prosthesis.- Artificial Vision: Vision of a Newcomer.- The Effects of Visual Deprivation: Implications for Sensory Prostheses.- Prosthetic Vision Simulation in Fully and Partially Sighted Individuals.- Testing Visual Functions in Patients with Visual Prostheses.- The IMI Retinal Implant System.- Challenges in Realizing a Chronic High-Resolution Retinal Prosthesis.- Large-scale Integration–Based Stimulus Electrodes for Retinal Prosthesis.- Development of a Wireless High-Frequency Microarray Implant for Retinal Stimulation.- Visual Prosthesis Based on Optic Nerve Stimulation with Penetrating Electrode Array.- Dynamic Interactions of Retinal Prosthesis Electrodes with Neural Tissue and Materials Science in Electrode Design.- In Vitro Determination of Stimulus-Induced pH Changes in Visual Prostheses.- Electrochemical Characterization of Implantable High Aspect Ratio Nanoparticle Platinum Electrodes for Neural Stimulations.- High-Resolution Opto-Electronic Retinal Prosthesis: Physical Limitations and Design.- Computational Modeling of Electromagnetic and Thermal Effects for a Dual-Unit Retinal Prosthesis: Inductive Telemetry, Temperature Increase, and Current Densities in the Retina.- Microstimulation with Chronically Implanted Intracortical Electrodes.- A Tissue Change After Suprachoroidal-Transretinal Stimulation with High Electrical Current in Rabbits.- Electrical Stimulation of Mammalian Retinal Ganglion Cells Using Dense Arrays of Small-Diameter Electrodes.- A Mechanism for Generating Precise Temporal Patterns of Activity Using Prosthetic Stimulation.- Electrophysiology of Natural and Artificial Vision.

O autorze

The Editors are active researchers in the fields of artificial sight, biomedical engineering and biological physics. They have received numerous professional awards and recognition for their work. The artificial sight team at the Doheny Eye Institute, led by Dr. Mark Humayun, is a world leader in this area of biomedical engineering and clinical research.

Blurb

Artificial sight is a frontier area of modern ophthalmology combining the multidisciplinary skills of surgical ophthalmology, biomedical engineering, biological physics, and psychophysical testing. Many scientific, engineering, and surgical challenges must be surmounted before widespread practical applications can be realized. The goal of Artificial Sight is to summarize the state-of-the-art research in this exciting area, and to describe some of the current approaches and initiatives that may help patients in a clinical setting.

The Editors are active researchers in the fields of artificial sight, biomedical engineering and biological physics. They have received numerous professional awards and recognition for their work. The artificial sight team at the Doheny Eye Institute, led by Dr. Mark Humayun, is a world leader in this area of biomedical engineering and clinical research.

Key Features

• Introduces and assesses the state of the art for a broad audience of biomedical engineers, biophysicists, and clinical researchers
• Describes advances in microelectronics, microfabrication, surgical implantation, and psychophysical testing of visual prostheses
• Outlines the promise of artificial sight and the challenges that must be met