Applied Ethics

ISBN-13: 9780631219057 / Angielski / Miękka / 2000 / 264 str.

David S. Oderberg

Opis

Applied Ethics focuses the central concepts of traditional morality - rights, justice, the good, virtue, and the fundamental value of human life - on a number of pressing contemporary problems, including abortion, euthanasia, animals, capital punishment, and war.

Recenzje

"The best accessible guide to just war theory, and the whole Aquinas approach to philosophy, is Applied Ethics by David S. Oderberg, published by Blackwell." Michael Gove, The Times, September 26, 2001 <!––end––>

"It is a robust and uncompromising defence of traditional values." Stuart Reid, The Spectator, 25th November 2000

"Not the least merit of Oderberg′s treatment of [the themes in Applied Ethics] is attention to the detail of realistic cases. This is casuistry in the true sense, designed to reveal and develop the lineaments of our actual moral thinking..." Anthony O′Hear, Salisbury Review

"Oderberg′s discussion of [the] issues is rich and thought provoking. [The] work is, even for non–believers, an important and engaging statement of non–consequentialist moral theory" Kaspar Lippert–Rasmussen, The Philosophical Quarterly, vol. 51, no. 204, July 2001

"...very carefully written work that contributes to the diversification of literature available for bioethical formation and which intervenes critically in the ongoing bioethical debate in western societies." Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy, Vol. 6, 2003

Spis treści

Preface and Acknowledgements.

Part I: Abortion:.

1. The Problem of Abortion Today.

2. The Basic Argument and Some Responses.

3. Sentience: A Bad Argument Against Abortion.

4. A Return to the Basic Argument.

Objection from Brain Activity.

Objection from Sorites Paradoxes.

Objection from Begging the Question.

Objection from Sperm and Egg.

Objection from Fission and Totipotency.

Objection from Cloning and Parthenogenesis.

5. A Feminist Argument for Abortion.

6. The Foetus, the Person and the Person.

7. Abortion, the Law and the Public Good – a Concluding Note.

′I Personally Disapprove of Abortion But Would Not Impose my Opinion on Other People.′.

′It is Not the Business of the Law to Interfere with Such a Difficult Decision.′.

The ′Backstreet′ Objection.

8. Conclusion.

Part II: Euthanasia:.

9. Introduction.

10. Varieties of Euthanasia.

11. Voluntary Euthanasia and Autonomy.

12. Non–Voluntary Euthanasia and ′Quality of Life′.

13. Active and Passive Euthanasia.

14. Ordinary and Extraordinary Means.

15. Euthanasia, Death and ′Brain Death′.

16. Euthanasia and Nazism.

Part III: Animals:.

17. The Problem.

18. The Conditions for Rights – What They Are Not.

Consciousness.

Beliefs and Desires.

Language.

Self–Consciousness.

Action in Pursuit of Desires and Goals.

19. The Conditions for Rights – What They Are.

Knowledge of Purpose.

Free Will.

20. Two Dilemmas for the View that Animals Have Rights.

21. So How Should we Treat Animals?.

Part IV: Capital Punishment:.

22. A Conflict?.

23. Punishment – General Principles.

24. Capital Punishment – the Argument.

25. Objections.

What if an Innocent Person is Executed?.

Capital Punishment is Irreversible.

Capital Punishment is not a Deterrent.

Capital Punishment is Just State–Sanctioned Murder.

Capital Punishment is Cruel and Inhuman.

What about Mercy and Compassion?.

Capital Punishment Fails to Respect Persons.

26. Concluding Remarks on Hypocrisy.

Part V: War:.

27. Some Questions.

28. War, Pacifism and Self–Defence.

Self–Defence – Basic Principles.

29. Going to War.

Basic Principles of the Just War.

Just Cause.

Questions about the Justice of the Cause.

Conduct During War.

30. Globalism.

Notes and Further Reading.

O autorze

David S. Oderberg is Lecturer in Philosophy at the University of Reading. A graduate of the Universities of Melbourne and Oxford, he is author of The Metaphysics of Identity over Time (1993); co–editor, with Jacqueline A. Laing, of Human Lives: Critical Essays on Consequentialist Bioethics (1997), and editor of Form and Matter: Themes in Contemporary Metaphysics (Blackwell, 1999).

Blurb

Recent years have seen the revival of the application of moral philosophy to contemporary practical problems, and a corresponding explosion of books on the subject. Most of these books, however, defend approaches that are consequentialist or specifically utilitarian in nature.

Applied Ethics, and its companion volume Moral Theory, provide a viable alternative to consequentialist orthodoxy. Applied Ethics focuses the central concepts of traditional morality – rights, justice, the good, virtue, and the fundamental value of human life – on a number of pressing contemporary problems, including abortion, euthanasia, animals, capital punishment, and war.

Applied Ethics and Moral Theory, make an important contribution to contemporary ethical debates, which will be useful both to undergraduates and professional philosophers.