Section 1. History and Conceptual Models of Language and the Brain 1. History of aphasia: A broad overview 2. Broca-Wernicke theories: A historical perspective Section 2. Neuroanatomy of Speech and Language 3. Vascular syndromes: Revisiting classification of post-stroke aphasia 4. The dual stream model of speech and language processing 5. Types of motor speech impairments associated with neurologic diseases 6. Clinical and neuroimaging characteristics of primary progressive aphasia 7. The role of disrupted functional connectivity in aphasia 8. The role of disrupted structural connectivity in aphasia Section 3. Language Recovery 9. Functional MRI evidence for reorganization of language networks after stroke 10. The contribution of positron emission tomography to the study of aphasia 11. Electrophysiologic evidence of reorganization in post-stroke aphasia 12. Assessment of language impairment and function Section 4. Language Intervention 13. Behavioral interventions for post-stroke aphasia 14. Behavioral interventions for primary progressive aphasia 15. Noninvasive brain stimulation to augment language therapy for post-stroke aphasia 16. Noninvasive brain stimulation to augment language therapy for primary progressive aphasia 17. Better language through chemistry: Augmenting speech-language therapy with pharmacotherapy in the treatment of aphasia Section 5. Recent Advances 18. Ethical considerations in the management of post-stroke aphasia 19. Genetics in aphasia recovery 20. Sign language aphasia