Antimicrobial Prophylaxis in Urology with Special Reference to the New Quinolones

ISBN-13: 9783798509429 / Angielski / Miękka / 1992 / 76 str.

T. Gasser

Opis

This is a summary of present knowledge concerning antimicrobial prophylaxis in urology. The results of laboratory studies are discussed, along with specific guidelines for each urological procedure, based on theoretical, experimental and clinical considerations.

Spis treści

I. Introduction.- 1.1. Author’s Publications Referred to in Text.- 1.2. Historical Background.- 1.3. Problems of Antimicrobial Prophylaxis in Urology.- II. General Considerations.- 2.1. Definitions.- 2.1.1. Bacteriuria and urinary tract infections.- 2.1.2. Bacteremia and septicemia.- 2.1.3. Nosocomial infections.- 2.1.4. Wound infections.- 2.2. Pathophysiology of Infection.- 2.3. Specifics of Antimicrobial Agents to be Used in Prophylaxis.- 2.4. Role of Quinolones.- 2.4.1. Antimicrobial activity.- 2.4.2. Pharmacokinetic properties.- 2.4.3. Side effects.- 2.4.4. Uncomplicated urinary tract infection.- 2.4.5. Complicated urinary tract infection.- 2.4.6. Bacterial prostatitis.- 2.5. Cost-Benefit Analysis of Antimicrobial Prophylaxis.- III. In Vitro Studies.- 3.1. Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC).- 3.2. Influence of Various Factors on MIC.- IV. Animal Studies.- 4.1. Drug Penetration into Various Tissues.- 4.2. Timing, Dosing, and Duration Studies.- 4.3. Bladder Irrigation Studies.- V. Human Studies and Review of the Literature.- 5.1. Catheterization and Urethral Dilatation.- 5.2. Endourologic Procedures.- 5.2.1. Cystoscopy.- 5.2.2. Internal urethrotomy.- 5.2.3. Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP).- 5.2.4. Transurethral resection of bladder tumors (TURB).- 5.2.5. Ureterorenoscopy (URS).- 5.2.6. Percutaneous surgery.- 5.3. Open Surgery.- 5.3.1. Surgery of kidneys and external genitalia.- 5.3.2. Open prostatectomy.- 5.3.3. Cystectomy with urinary diversion.- 5.3.4. Kidney transplantation.- 5.4. Various Urologic Procedures.- 5.4.1. Biopsy of the prostate.- 5.4.1.1. Transrectal biopsy.- 5.4.1.2. Transperineal biopsy.- 5.4.2. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL).- 5.5. Various High-Risk Conditions.- 5.5.1. Situations predisposing to infection.- 5.5.2. Patient characteristics predisposing to infection.- VI. Literature.- VII. Summary.- VIII. Acknowledgements.- IX. Reprints of Papers I - VII.

O autorze

Professor Dr. med. Thomas Gasser, Direktor der Urologischen Universitätsklinik Basel-Liestal/Klinik Liestal.