Antenna Architectures for Future Wireless Devices

ISBN-13: 9789811677854 / Angielski / Miękka / 2023 / 248 str.

Shiban Kishen Koul; Karthikeya G. S.

Opis

This book presents the design requirements of antenna integration for modern commercial devices such as smartphones, dongles, and access points. Practical use-case scenarios of smartphone and the design process of the antenna system for the same are highlighted. The feasibility of scaling up  sub-6GHz to mmWave antennas is also discussed in detail followed by a plethora of design examples which could be panel mounted to modern-day commercial smartphones. The unique requirement of gain switchability is introduced with feasible practical antenna designs. High efficiency antennas for 5G base stations is introduced along with a design example on planar all-metallic antenna. Beam switchability requirement for base station is illustrated with a couple of compact antenna system examples. Variety of feeding techniques for mmWave antennas is elaborated in this book. Finally, low-cost antenna designs for future wireless devices are illustrated.​

Spis treści

1.                  Introduction to Future Wireless Devices

            1.1       Taxonomy of wireless devices in the market

            1.2       Evolution of carrier frequencies

            1.3       Why millimeter waves hold the key to future?

            1.4       Feasibility of millimeter waves for data links: A reality check

            1.5       Remedies for establishing the mmWave data link

                        1.5.1 Power Constraints
                        1.5.2 Gains of the antennas of the radios

1.5.3 Distance between the radios

1.5.4 The optimal recipe for mmWave 5G: A case study

            1.6       Outline of the book

References

 

2.                  Antenna Design Requirements

            2.1       Introduction

            2.2       Antennas of the previous generations of wireless devices

            2.3       Breakout of a typical smartphone

                        2.3.1 Detailed characteristics of antennas for smartphones

                        2.3.2 Generic examples and implementation details

            2.4       Antenna requirements of a wireless dongle

2.5       Antenna requirements for wearable devices
            2.6       Antenna requirements for base stations and access points

2.7       Conclusion

References

 

3.         Mobile Terminal Antenna Designs for Data Modes

            3.1       Introduction

            3.2        Need for Orthogonal data modes

3.3       Desired characteristics of the antenna system for data modes

3.4       Why Phased arrays fail?

3.5       A conformal antenna module with Shared ground

            3.5.1 Conformal mmWave array

            3.5.2 Conformal printed Yagi

            3.5.3 Shared ground beam switching module

3.6       Ultra compact vertically mounted end-fire antennas

            3.6.1 Compact Yagi antenna

            3.6.2 Orthogonal beam switching module

3.7       Conclusion

                        References

 

4.         Co-design of Sub 6 GHz and Millimeter Wave Antennas for Mobile Terminals

            4.1       Introduction

            4.2       Desired characteristics of co-designed antennas

            4.3       Why multiband antennas would fail for sub-6GHz and mmWave operations?

            4.4       Co-design of CPS-fed sub-6GHz antenna with a mmWave conformal array

                        4.4.1 CPS-fed sub-6GHz antenna

                        4.4.2 Electrically close integrated design

            4.5       Co-design with a compact monopole

                        4.5.1 Panel mountable microstrip fed sub-6GHz antenna

                        4.5.2 Orthogonal placement of sub-6GHz and mmWave array

            4.6       Overlapped co-design of sub-6GHz and mmWave element

                        4.6.1 mmWave wideband radiator

                        4.6.2 Microstrip fed sub-6GHz monopole

                        4.6.3 Overlapped co-design for sub-6GHz and mmWave operations

            4.7       Conclusion

References

 

5.         Gain Switchable Antenna Modules

            5.1       Introduction

            5.2       Need for gain switchability

            5.3       A three port antenna module design

            5.4       A dual conformal shared radiator

            5.5       Conclusion

                        References

 

6.         Highly Efficient Antennas for the Base Stations 

            6.1       Introduction

6.2       Classification of all-metallic antennas

            6.3       Additively manufactured antennas

            6.4       Subtractively manufactured antennas

            6.5       Cavity based antennas

            6.6       Wire or wire based radiators

            6.7       Design example of a planar all-metallic antenna

            6.8       Conclusion

                        References

 

7.         Pattern Diversity Architecture for Base Stations

            7.1       Introduction

            7.2       Need for beam switching in 5G base stations

            7.3       High aperture efficiency wideband antenna

                        7.3.1 Metamaterial loaded design

                        7.3.2 A stacked approach for base stations

            7.4       ACS fed antennas for base stations

                        7.4.1 Compact ACS fed antenna

                        7.4.2 Shared ground two port design

                        7.4.3 A quasi stacking design for base stations

            7.5       Conclusion

                        References

 

8.         Feeding Techniques for Ka-band Antennas

         8.1       Introduction

         8.2       Classification of feeding techniques

8.2.1 Microstrip feed

8.2.2 CPW feed

8.2.3 ACS feed

8.2.4 Waveguide feed

8.2.5 SIW feed

8.2.6 Coaxial or probe feed

8.2.7 Aperture coupled feed 

         8.3       Conclusion      

                     References

          

9.         Fabrication Technology for Low Cost Antennas

         9.1       Introduction

         9.2       What drives up the cost of manufacturing a modern antenna?

         9.3       A 3D-printed slide-on horn antenna

9.4        Polycarbonate based co-design of mmWave and sub-6GHz antenna         

         9.5       Conclusion

  References

 

Index

O autorze

Shiban Kishen Koul (Life Fellow, IEEE) received the B.E. degree in electrical engineering from Regional Engineering College, Srinagar, India, in 1977, and the MTech. and Ph.D. degrees in microwave engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India, in 1979 and 1983, respectively. He is an Emeritus Professor with the Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi since 2019 and Mentor Deputy Director (Strategy & Planning, International affairs) with IIT Jammu, J&K, India since 2018. He served as Deputy Director (Strategy and Planning) with IIT Delhi from 2012-2016 He also served as the Chairman of Astra Microwave Products Limited, Hyderabad from 2009-2019 and Dr R.P. Shenoy Astra Microwave Chair Professor at IIT Delhi from 2014-2019. His research interests include RF MEMS, high frequency wireless communication, microwave engineering, microwave passive and active circuits, device modelling, millimetre and sub-millimetre wave IC design, body area networks, flexible and wearable antennas, medical applications of sub-terahertz waves and reconfigurable microwave circuits including miniaturized antennas. He has successfully completed 38 major sponsored projects, 52 consultancy projects and 61 technology development projects. He has authored/co-authored 526 research papers, 16 state-of-the art books, 4 book Chapters and 2 e-books. He holds 25 patents, 6 copyrights and one trademark.  He has guided 26 PhD theses and more than 120 master’s theses.

Dr. Koul is a Fellow of the Indian National Academy of Engineering, India, and the Institution of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineers (IETE), India. He served as a Distinguished Microwave Lecturer of IEEE MTT-S from 2012 to 2014. He was a recipient of numerous awards including the Indian National Science Academy (INSA) Young Scientist Award, in 1986, the Top Invention Award of the National Research Development Council for his contributions to the indigenous development of ferrite phase shifter technology, in 1991, the VASVIK Award for the development of Ka-band components and phase shifters, in 1994, Ram Lal Wadhwa Gold Medal from the Institution of Electronics and Communication Engineers (IETE), in 1995, the Academic Excellence Award from the Indian Government for his pioneering contributions to phase control modules for Rajendra Radar, in 1998, the Shri Om Prakash Bhasin Award in the field of Electronics and Information Technology, in 2009, the VASVIK Award for the contributions made to the area of Information, Communication Technology (ICT), in 2012, the Teaching Excellence Award from IIT Delhi, in 2012, the M N Saha Memorial Award from IETE, in 2013, and the IEEE MTT Society Distinguished Educator Award, in 2014. He is the Chief Editor of IETE Journal of Research and an Associate Editor of the International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies, Cambridge University Press.

Karthikeya G. S received his undergraduate degree in electronics and communication engineering, with distinction, in the year 2010 from Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belgaum. He received his Master’s degree, with distinction, in Microwave engineering from University of Kerala in 2012. He worked as an assistant professor in Visvesvaraya technological university from 2013 to 2016, where he established the Antenna Architects’ lab. He joined Centre for applied Research in Electronics, IIT Delhi  as a PhD student in 2017 and defended his thesis in 2019. He served as an event secretary of IEEE MTT-S branch at IIT Delhi.  He  currently works as a Project Scientist at Foundation for Innovation and Technology Transfer (FITT). He has authored or co-authored more than 60 articles in peer-reviewed journals and international conference proceedings. He has also filed 4 Indian patents and 2 US patents. He has co-authored two state of the art books and a book Chapter. He also holds a copyright on 5G antenna module design. One of his articles was featured as a cover feature in Microwave Journal. His research interests include metamaterials, EBG structures, mmWave antennas for mobile terminals and base stations. He is a member of IEEE-Antenna Propagation Society and Antenna Test and Measurement society. He serves as the reviewer of several IEEE and John Wiley journals. He has actively participated in more than fifteen workshops on antennas in India and abroad. He is a recipient of Dr. N Vasudevan Nair memorial award (2011) and Research Excellence Travel award (2019).