List of illustrations; List of maps; Part I. Introduction to Roman History: 1. The evidence; 2. The geography of Italy and its influence on the development of Rome; 3. The foundation and early development of Rome; 4. Roman society in the early republic; Part II. The Roman Conquest of Italy and Constitutional Developent: 5. Conquest and organisation; 6. The plebeian struggle for equality and the government of Rome; Part III. Rome's Expansion in the Mediterranean, 264–146: Carthage, Macedonia, Greece and Asia: 7. Background to the wars with Carthage; 8. The First Punic War, 264–241; 9. Background to the Second Punic War, 229–218; 10. The Second Punic War, 218–201; 11. The Third Punic War, 149–146; 12. Rome and the east, 200–146; 13. The immediate and long-term effects of the wars of expansion; Part IV. The Late Republic: First Phase, 146–78: 14. The Gracchi; 15. marius and Sulla; Part V. The Late Republic: Second Phase, 78–28: 16. The rise of Pompey and the period of his eastern commands, 78–61; 17. From the First Triumvirate to the death of Caesar, 60–44; 18. From republic to principate, 44–28; Part VI. Augustus and the Julio-Claudians 28 BC–AD 68; 19. The principate of Augustus, 27 BC–AD 14; 20. The forums of Rome in the time of Augustus; 21. The Julio-Claudian dynasty, AD 14–68; 22. Life in an imperial city in the first century AD; Notes to the text; Glossary; Bibliography; Acknowledgments; Index.