An Introduction to Relativistic Processes and the Standard Model of Electroweak Interactions

ISBN-13: 9783319374413 / Angielski / Miękka / 2016 / 198 str.

Carlo M. Becchi; Giovanni Ridolfi

Opis

This book offers a self-contained introduction to the theory of electroweak interactions based on the semi-classical approach to relativistic quantum field theory, with thorough discussion of key aspects of the field. The basic tools for the calculation of cross sections and decay rates in the context of relativistic quantum field theory are reviewed in a short, but complete and rigorous, presentation. Special attention is focused on relativistic scattering theory and on calculation of amplitude in the semi-classical approximation. The central part of the book is devoted to an illustration of the unified field theory of electromagnetic and weak interactions as a quantum field theory with spontaneously broken gauge invariance; particular emphasis is placed on experimental confirmations of the theory. The closing chapters address the most recent developments in electroweak phenomenology and provide an introduction to the theory and phenomenology of neutrino oscillations. In this 2nd edition the discussion of relativistic scattering processes in the semi-classical approximation has been revised and as a result intermediate results are now explicitly proven. Furthermore, the recent discovery of the Higgs boson is now taken into account throughout the book. In particular, the Higgs decay channel into a pair of photons, which has played a crucial role in the discovery, is discussed.
As in the first edition, the accent is still on the semi-classical approximation. However, in view of the necessity of a discussion of H , the authors give several indications about corrections to the semiclassical approximation. Violation of unitarity is discussed in more detail, including the dispersion relations as a tool for computing loop corrections; the above-mentioned Higgs decay channel is illustrated by means of a full one-loop calculation; and finally, loop effects on the production of unstable particles (such as the Z0 boson) are now discussed. Finally, the neutrino mass and oscillation analysis is updated taking into account the major achievements of the last years.

Spis treści

Introduction.- Relativistic field theory.- Scattering theory.- Feynman.- Spinor fields.- Gauge symmetries.- The standard model.- Spontaneous breaking of the gauge symmetry.- Breaking of accidental symmetries.- Summary.- Applications.- Neutrino masses and mixing.- A. Large-time evolution of the free field.- B. Scattering from an external density.- C. Dirac matrices.- D. Violation of unitarity in the Fermi theory.- References.

O autorze

Carlo M. Becchi is full professor in Theoretical Physics at the University of Genoa since 1976. He is an expert in quantum gauge theories and renormalization, he is one of the discoverers of the Becchi-Rouet-Stora transformation which is now a basic tool for the quantization of systems with constraints. Carlo M. Becchi is Supervisory Editor of Nuclear Physics B.

Giovanni Ridolfi received his doctorate in physics from University of Genoa, Italy, in 1989, and has held research appointments at CERN, Geneva and at the italian Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare. He is now full Professor of Theoretical Physics at the University of Genoa, Italy. His research interests are in the field of phenomenology of fundamental interactions.

Blurb

These lectures are meant to be a reference and handbook
for an introductory course in Theoretical Particle
Physics, suitable for advanced undergraduates or beginning graduate
students. Their purpose is to reconcile theoretical rigour
and completeness with a careful analysis of more phenomenological
aspects of the physics. They aim at filling the gap
between quantum field theory textbooks and purely
phenomenological treatments of fundamental interactions.

The first part provides an introduction to scattering
in relativistic quantum field theory. Thanks to an original
approach to relativistic processes, the relevant computational
techniques are derived cleanly and simply in the semi-classical
approximation. The second part contains a detailed presentation of
the gauge theory of electroweak interactions with particular
focus to the processes of greatest phenomenological interest.

The main novelties of the present second edition are a more complete
discussion of relativistic scattering theory and an expansion of the
study of the corrections to the semi-classical approximation,
including important processes in LHC physics.  The extension of the
standard model to include neutrino masses and oscillations is also
discussed, and updated with new results.