Agent-Based Modeling and Simulation in Archaeology

ISBN-13: 9783319000077 / Angielski / Twarda / 2014 / 269 str.

Gabriel Wurzer; Kerstin Kowarik; Hans Reschreiter

Opis

Archaeology has been historically reluctant to embrace the subject of agent-based simulation, since it was seen as being used to "re-enact" and "visualize" possible scenarios for a wider (generally non-scientific) audience, based on scarce and fuzzy data. Furthermore, modeling "in exact terms" and programming as a means for producing agent-based simulations were simply beyond the field of the social sciences.

This situation has changed quite drastically with the advent of the internet age: Data, it seems, is now ubiquitous. Researchers have switched from simply collecting data to filtering, selecting and deriving insights in a cybernetic manner. Agent-based simulation is one of the tools used to glean information from highly complex excavation sites according to formalized models, capturing essential properties in a highly abstract and yet spatial manner. As such, the goal of this book is to present an overview of techniques used and work conducted in that field, drawing on the experience of practitioners.

Recenzje

From the book reviews:

"Agent-based Modeling and Simulation in Archaeology provides a much-needed update, in one solid volume, on the methods and practice of using agent-based modeling to understand the past. ... The most useful portion of this book to those new to agent-based modeling is probably the Methods section. ... this book will be a worthwhile addition to our bookshelves, and I can already imagine incorporating it into courses in agent-based modeling." (simulatingcomplexity, simulatingcomplexity.wordpress.com, February, 2015)

Spis treści

Introduction.- Explaining the past with ABM: On modeling philosophy.- Agent-based modeling in archaeology.- Why agent-based modeling?.- Ontological considerations: Emergence and rationality.- Epistemic considerations: how to learn by agent-based Modeling.- Summary.- References.- Modeling Archaeology: Origins of the Artificial Anasazi Project and Beyond.- Introduction.- Structure of the Artificial Anasazi (AA) model.- Selected socio-ecological models similar to Artificial Anasazi.- Current efforts — The ALHV model.- Discussion and conclusions.- References.- Methods.- Agent-Based Simulation in Archaeology: A Characterization.- Motivation and Classification of Computer Models.- Introduction to Agent-Based Modeling.- General Advantages and Disadvantages of Agent-Based Models.- References.- Reproducibility.- Introduction.- Outline.- Lifecycle of a Modeling and Simulation Study.- Parameter and Output Definition.- Documentation.- Verification and Validation.- Verification and Validation specifically targeted at Agent-Based Models.- Conclusion.- References.- Geosimulation: Modeling Spatial Processes.- Introduction.- Society and Space: Dealing with Intangible Assets and Infrastructures.- Scale and Process: Taking Relations and Interdependencies into Consideration.- ABM and GIS: Coupling techniques of different methodological domains.- Conclusion.- References.- Large simulations and small societies: High performance computing for archaeological simulations.- Introduction.- Background.- Developing HPC-based simulations.- Computational solutions of methodological problems.- Concluding remarks.- References.- Applications.- Mining with Agents: Modeling prehistoric mining and prehistoric economy.- Introduction.- The Prehistoric Salt Mine of Hallstatt/Upper Austria.- Agent-Based Simulation of Mining.- Implementation.- Experimentation.- Discussion.- Extensions: Towards Prehistoric Economy.- Conclusions and Future Work.- References.- Modeling settlement rank-size fluctuations.- Introduction.- Background.- Model Design.- Results.- Conclusions.- References.- Understanding the Iron Age Economy: Sustainability of Agricultural Practices under Stable Population Growth.- Introduction.- Methodological approach.- Data resources and modeling inputs.- Models.- Discussion.- Conclusion.- References.- Simulating Patagonian Territoriality in Prehistory: Space, Frontiers and Networks among hunter-gatherers.- Introduction.- From Ethnicity to Territoriality.- Beginning of Times at the End of the World: Patagonia.- An Agent-based Simulation Model for Understanding the Emergence of Patagonian Ethnicity and Territoriality.- Running the Model: Preliminary Results.- Conclusions.- Acknowledgements.- References.- Summary and Outlook.- How did sugarscape become a whole society model?.- Introduction.- The realist-generalist ancestral form.- The realist-particularist approach.- The realist-abstract border.- The abstract-generalist approach.- Conclusion.- References.

O autorze

Gabriel Wurzer is a computer scientist working on Agent-Based Simulation at Vienna University of Technology, in which field he is publishing, organizing workshops and holding lectures. Through cooperation with the Natural History Museum Vienna, he developed multiple models on prehistoric salt mining in the prehistoric mines of Hallstatt. Apart from Archaeology, he is also active in the field of Architectural planning, especially Hospital Simulation in the context of early design.

Kerstin Kowarik is an archaeologist working at the Natural History Museum Vienna specializing in the European Bronze Age and Early Iron Age. She is currently engaged with several research projects on the prehistoric salt mines of Hallstatt. Her research focuses on provisioning structures, organization of trade and human – environment interaction. She has a special interest in exploring the potential of computer based simulations for archaeological research, economic archaeology and environmental archaeology.

Hans Reschreiter is an archaeologist working at the Natural History Museum Vienna specializing in prehistoric crafts and technology as well as prehistoric mining. He is head of the archaeological excavations in the prehistoric salt mines of Hallstatt (Austria). His research focuses on working processes and mining technology. He has a special interest in prehistoric wood working, experimental archaeology and ethnoarchaeology.