Advances in Polymer Nanocomposites: Types and Applications

ISBN-13: 9781845699406 / Angielski / Twarda / 2012 / 680 str.

Fengge Gao

Opis

The addition of nanoparticles to polymer composites has led to a new generation of composite materials with enhanced and novel properties. Advances in polymer nanocomposites reviews the main types of polymer nanocomposites and their applications.

Part one reviews types of polymer nanocomposites according to fillers. Processing of carbon nanotube-based nanocomposites, layered double hydroxides (LDHs) and cellulose nanoparticles as functional fillers and reinforcement are discussed, alongside calcium carbonate and metal-polymer nanocomposites. Part two focuses on types of polymer nanocomposites according to matrix polymer, with polyolefin-based, (PVC)-based, nylon-based, (PET)-based and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)-based polymer nanocomposites discussed. Soft, gel and biodegradable polymer nanocomposites are also considered. Part three goes on to investigate key applications, including fuel cells, aerospace applications, optical applications, coatings and flame-retardant polymer nanocomposites.

With its distinguished editor and international team of expert contributors, Advances in polymer nanocomposites is an essential guide for professionals and academics involved in all aspects of the design, development and application of polymer nanocomposites.

• Reviews the main types of polymer nanocomposites and their applications
• Discusses processing of carbon nanotube-based nanocomposites, layered double hydroxides (LDHs) and cellulose nanoparticles as functional fillers and reinforcement
• Discusses polyolefin-based, (PVC)-based, nylon-based, (PET)-based and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)-based polymer nanocomposites

Spis treści

Contributor contact details

Preface

Part I: Types of polymer nanocomposites according to fillers

Chapter 1: Processing of nanotube-based nanocomposites

Abstract:

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Structure of carbon nanotubes

1.3 Processing methods for nanotube-based polymer nanocomposites

1.4 Nanotube alignment

1.5 Properties and characteristics

1.6 Future trends

Chapter 2: Environmental life-cycle assessment of polymer nanocomposites

Abstract:

2.1 Introduction

2.2 The life-cycle assessment (LCA) approach to nanotechnology

2.3 The environmental LCA of polymer nanocomposites

2.4 Future trends and alternate approaches for evaluating emerging technologies

2.5 Conclusions

Chapter 3: Calcium carbonate nanocomposites

Abstract:

3.1 Introduction: applications of calcium carbonate nanoparticles

3.2 Calcium carbonate as filler material

3.3 The toughening mechanisms of polymers filled with precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) nanoparticles

3.4 Conclusions

Chapter 4: Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) as functional fillers in polymer nanocomposites

Abstract:

4.1 Introduction: the role of layered double hydroxides (LDHs) as reinforcements

4.2 Preparation of hybrid LDHs for polymer nanocomposites

4.3 Nanocomposite preparation routes

4.4 Structure of polymer-LDH nanocomposites

4.5 Properties

4.6 Applications and future trends

4.7 Conclusions

4.8 Sources of further information and advice

Chapter 5: Cellulose nanoparticles as reinforcement in polymer nanocomposites

Abstract:

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Preparation of cellulose nanoparticles

5.3 Preparation of cellulose nanocomposites from different processes and polymeric matrices

5.4 Properties and applications of nanocomposites reinforced with cellulose nanoparticles

5.5 Conclusions and future trends

5.6 Sources of further information and advice

5.7 Acknowledgements

Chapter 6: Metal-polymer nanocomposites

Abstract:

6.1 Introduction: the role of nanoparticles as reinforcement

6.2 Techniques for reinforcement

6.3 Properties of polymer composites reinforced with metal nanoparticles

6.4 Alternative applications of metal-polymer nanocomposites

6.5 Future trends

6.6 Sources of further information and advice

Part II: Types of polymer nanocomposites according to base

Chapter 7: Polyolefin-based polymer nanocomposites

Abstract:

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Preparation of polymer nanocomposites

7.3 Different kinds of nanofillers used in the preparation of polymer nanocomposites

7.4 Characterization of polymer nanocomposites

7.5 Properties of polymer nanocomposites

7.6 Application of polyolefin nanocomposites

7.7 Conclusions and future trends

Chapter 8: Poly(vinyl chloride)(PVC)-based nanocomposites

Abstract:

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)

8.3 Manufacturing techniques

8.4 Nanofillers

8.5 Effects of nanofillers

8.6 Opportunities and problems

8.7 Future trends

8.8 Sources of further information and advice

Chapter 9: Nylon-based polymer nanocomposites

Abstract:

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Types of nanoparticle and their modification

9.3 Current manufacturing techniques

9.4 Structures and properties

9.5 Applications of nylon-based polymers

9.6 Future trends

9.7 Acknowledgements

Chapter 10: Clay-containing poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)-based polymer nanocomposites

Abstract:

10.1 Introduction: the importance of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)-based nanocomposites

10.2 Types of PET-based nanocomposite

10.3 Preparative methods

10.4 Structural characterization

10.5 Properties of nanocomposites

10.6 Applications of PET-based nanocomposites

10.7 Future trends

10.8 Acknowledgements

Chapter 11: Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)-based polymer nanocomposites

Abstract:

11.1 Introduction: the potential of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) nanocomposites

11.2 TPU nanocomposites: structure, processing, properties, and performance

11.3 TPU nanocomposites as potential biomaterials

11.4 Future trends

Chapter 12: Soft polymer nanocomposites and gels

Abstract:

12.1 Introduction

12.2 Nanocomposite (NC) gels

12.3 Soft polymer nanocomposites (M-NCs)

12.4 Applications and future trends

12.5 Sources of further information and advice

Chapter 13: Biodegradable polymer nanocomposites

Abstract:

13.1 Introduction

13.2 Biodegradable polymers

13.3 Methods of production of biodegradable polymer nanocomposites

13.4 Properties of biodegradable polymer nanocomposites

13.5 Applications of biodegradable polymer nanocomposites

Part III: Applications of polymer nanocomposites

Chapter 14: Polymer nanocomposites in fuel cells

Abstract:

14.1 Introduction

14.2 Using polymer nanocomposites in fuel cells

14.3 Conclusions and future trends

14.4 Acknowledgements

Chapter 15: Polymer nanocomposites for aerospace applications

Abstract:

15.1 Introduction

15.2 Types of fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) nanocomposites

15.3 Sandwich structures using polymer nanocomposites

15.4 Properties and applications of polymer nanocomposites

15.5 Future trends: opportunities and challenges

15.6 Conclusions

15.7 Acknowledgements

Chapter 16: Flame-retardant polymer nanocomposites

Abstract:

16.1 Introduction

16.2 Benefits and advantages of polymer nanocomposites for flame retardancy

16.3 The role of nanoparticles in improving the flame retardancy of polymers

16.4 Methods of incorporating nanoparticles as flame-retardant components in polymers

16.5 Practical examples

16.6 Future trends

Chapter 17: Polymer nanocomposites for optical applications

Abstract:

17.1 Introduction

17.2 Important optical properties of polymer nanocomposites

17.3 Polymer/nanoparticle composites

17.4 Tailoring optical properties in the near infra-red, visible and ultra-violet ranges

17.5 Linear and non-linear optical properties of guest-host systems

17.6 Replication and optical device fabrication

17.7 Conclusion and future trends

Chapter 18: Polymer nanocomposite coatings

Abstract:

18.1 Introduction

18.2 Coating technologies for polymer nanocomposites

18.3 Key properties of polymer nanocomposite coatings

18.4 Future trends

18.5 Acknowledgements

Index

O autorze

Dr Fengge Gao is Reader in Nanotechnology and the Director of Nanoscience Laoratory at Nottingham Trent University, UK. He is one of the pioneers in developing filler enhanced polymer nanocomposites in the UK and is currently leading a group of researchers working on various aspects of polymer nanocomposites and their applications. His recent work on non-migration type antimicrobial polymer nanocomposites won the CenFRA Most Innovative Research Award and UK Food and Drink Forum Innovation Champion Award in 2009.